Contributors |
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xv | |
Rehabilitation Robotics: Technology and Applications |
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xix | |
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Chapter 1 Physiological Basis of Neuromotor Recovery |
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1 | (14) |
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1 | (1) |
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The Functional Organization of the Motor Network |
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1 | (1) |
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Motor Network Activity and Movement |
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2 | (2) |
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The Physiology of Ischemic Infarctions |
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4 | (1) |
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Motor Deficits Following Stroke |
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5 | (1) |
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Motor Network Plasticity Following Infarction |
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5 | (1) |
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Functional Plasticity Following Infarction |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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Animal Models of Cortical Injury |
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8 | (1) |
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Conclusions and Implications for Rehabilitative Therapies |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (5) |
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Chapter 2 An Overall Framework for Neurorehabilitation Robotics: Implications for Recovery is |
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15 | (1) |
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Hierarchical Architecture of the Motor System |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (2) |
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Neural Plasticity and Functional Recovery, After Lesion of the Central Nervous System |
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18 | (1) |
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The Neurobiology of Motor Skills Acquisition and Learning for Rehabilitation |
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18 | (1) |
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Rehabilitation Modalities |
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19 | (3) |
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Characteristics of Successful Strategies for Neurorehabilitation: Clinical Evidence |
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22 | (2) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (4) |
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Chapter 3 Biomechatronic Design Criteria of Systems for Robot-Mediated Rehabilitation Therapy |
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29 | (18) |
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29 | (3) |
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Design Criteria of Biomechatronic Devices for Robot-Mediated Rehabilitation |
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32 | (3) |
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Modeling the Human Component |
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35 | (3) |
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Overview of Control Strategies |
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38 | (2) |
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The CBM-Motus and the LENAR: Two Case Studies |
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40 | (4) |
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CBM-Motus: A Planar Robot for Upper Limb Neurorehabilitation |
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40 | (2) |
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LENAR: A Nonanthropomorphic Wearable Exoskeleton for Human Walking Assistance and Rehabilitation |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (2) |
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Chapter 4 Actuation for Robot-Aided Rehabilitation: Design and Control Strategies |
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47 | (16) |
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47 | (1) |
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Robot Architectures and Actuators |
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48 | (2) |
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50 | (4) |
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Mechanical Impedance/Admittance Control |
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52 | (2) |
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Friction and Backlash Compensation |
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54 | (4) |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (1) |
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Implications for the Control of Rehabilitation Robots |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (4) |
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Chapter 5 Assistive Controllers and Modalities for Robot-Aided Neurorehabilitation |
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63 | (12) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (4) |
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65 | (1) |
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66 | (3) |
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69 | (2) |
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Other Types of Assistance |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (3) |
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Chapter 6 Exoskeletons for Upper Limb Rehabilitation |
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75 | (14) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (8) |
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Kinematic Issues in Exoskeleton Design |
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76 | (2) |
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78 | (6) |
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Clinical Evidences of Upper Limb Rehabilitation With Exoskeletons |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (4) |
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Chapter 7 Exoskeletons for Lower-Limb Rehabilitation |
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89 | (12) |
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89 | (1) |
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Lower Limb Exoskeletons for Rehabilitation: State of the Art |
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89 | (1) |
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New Horizons for Wearable Exoskeleton Technology: Symbiotic Interaction |
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90 | (6) |
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Bioinspired Actuation in Wearable Exoskeletons for Walking |
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91 | (2) |
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93 | (3) |
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96 | (1) |
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97 | (2) |
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99 | (2) |
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Chapter 8 Performance Measures in Robot Assisted Assessment of Sensorimotor Functions |
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101 | (16) |
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101 | (1) |
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Classification of Robot-Measured Parameters |
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102 | (6) |
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Measures Describing Motor Function |
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102 | (4) |
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Measures Describing Sensory Function |
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106 | (2) |
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Measures Describing Cognitive Function |
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108 | (1) |
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Monitoring Components of Motor Recovery |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (2) |
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Adapting Therapy Based on Motor Performance |
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111 | (1) |
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Relationship Between Clinical and Robotic Measures |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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Chapter 9 Computational Models of the Recovery Process in Robot-Assisted Training |
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117 | (20) |
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117 | (1) |
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Computational Models of Motor Learning |
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118 | (6) |
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Models of Sensorimotor Adaptation |
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118 | (4) |
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Models of Motor Skill Learning |
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122 | (2) |
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Models of Neuromotor Recovery |
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124 | (6) |
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Models of Recovery at Neural Level |
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124 | (3) |
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Models of Recovery at Function Level |
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127 | (1) |
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Modeling the Role of Robot Assistance |
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128 | (2) |
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Multirate and Spatial Generalization Models of Recovery |
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130 | (1) |
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System Identification Techniques |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (4) |
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Chapter 10 Interactive Robot Assistance for Upper-Limb Training |
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137 | (12) |
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137 | (2) |
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Optimal Control Interaction Framework |
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139 | (3) |
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Master-Slave Interaction for Passive Training |
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140 | (1) |
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Education-Type Interaction for Physical Rehabilitation |
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141 | (1) |
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Interaction With Poststroke Individuals |
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141 | (1) |
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Challenging Physical Rehabilitation Through Competition |
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141 | (1) |
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Stable, Reactive and Adaptive Interaction Control Based on Game Theory |
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142 | (4) |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (2) |
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Chapter 11 Promoting Motivation During Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation |
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149 | (10) |
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Introduction: Why is Motivation Important? |
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149 | (1) |
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Virtual Reality in Robot-Aided Rehabilitation |
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149 | (1) |
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Determining the Patient's Goal in a Virtual Environment |
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150 | (2) |
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Designing the Appearance of the Virtual Environment |
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152 | (1) |
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Ensuring Appropriate Challenge |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (4) |
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Chapter 12 Software Platforms for Integrating Robots and Virtual Environments |
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159 | (16) |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (9) |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (2) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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166 | (1) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (1) |
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169 | (4) |
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173 | (2) |
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Chapter 13 Twenty+ Years of Robotics for Upper-Extremity Rehabilitation Following a Stroke |
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175 | (18) |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (2) |
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Rehabilitation Robotic Principles |
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178 | (2) |
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Backdrivability and Performance |
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178 | (1) |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (1) |
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MIT-Manus and Other Rehabilitation Robotics |
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180 | (9) |
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180 | (3) |
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1990's Studies: Sub-Acute Stroke Phase |
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183 | (1) |
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2000's Studies: Chronic Stroke |
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184 | (5) |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (4) |
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Chapter 14 Three-Dimensional, Task-Oriented Robot Therapy |
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193 | (12) |
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193 | (2) |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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196 | (3) |
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197 | (2) |
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Clinical Experience With 3D Devices |
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199 | (2) |
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Interpersonal Task Oriented Training |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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202 | (3) |
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Chapter 15 Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation of Hand Function |
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205 | (22) |
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205 | (1) |
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Robotic Approaches for Hand Rehabilitation |
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206 | (4) |
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Powered Hand Exoskeleton Devices |
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207 | (2) |
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End-Effector Hand Rehabilitation Robots |
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209 | (1) |
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Entire Upper Limb Solutions |
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210 | (1) |
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Clinical Studies on Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation of Hand Function |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (9) |
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Clinical Evidence Supports the Application of Robotic Systems for Hand Rehabilitation |
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211 | (6) |
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Training Modalities to Restore Hand Function and Promote Increased Intensity |
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217 | (1) |
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The Clinical Need for Simple Devices |
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217 | (1) |
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Potential to Further Promote Recovery Through Robot-Assisted Therapy of Hand Function |
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218 | (2) |
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220 | (1) |
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221 | (6) |
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Chapter 16 Robot-Assisted Gait Training |
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227 | (14) |
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227 | (1) |
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Examples of Gait Rehabilitation Robots |
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228 | (5) |
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Exoskeletal Robotic Systems |
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228 | (2) |
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End-Effector-Based Robotic Systems |
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230 | (2) |
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Systems Supporting Overground Gait Training |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (2) |
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234 | (1) |
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Therapy of Spinal Cord Injury and Further Pathologies |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (1) |
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236 | (5) |
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Chapter 17 Wearable Robotic Systems and their Applications for Neurorehabilitation |
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241 | (12) |
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241 | (1) |
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Technological Barriers and Scientific Challenges |
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242 | (1) |
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Compatibility of the Mechanical Structure |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (1) |
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243 | (5) |
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Rigid Systems for Assistance to a Single Joint |
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243 | (2) |
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Multilink Rigid Systems for the Whole Lower Limbs |
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245 | (1) |
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Multilink Rigid Systems for the Upper-Limb and the Hand |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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Wearable Interactive Systems |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (4) |
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Chapter 18 Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation in Multiple Sclerosis: Overview of Approaches, Clinical Outcomes, and Perspectives |
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253 | (14) |
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253 | (2) |
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Part I Upper Limb Training |
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255 | (3) |
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258 | (5) |
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Clinical Effects of BWSTT and RAGT |
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258 | (3) |
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Biomechanical Effects of BWSTT and RAGT in the Trunk and Lower Extremity |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (4) |
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Chapter 19 Robots for Cognitive Rehabilitation and Symptom Management |
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267 | (10) |
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267 | (3) |
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A Case Study: Use of a SAR in Therapeutic Interventions With Cognitively Impaired Elderly |
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270 | (4) |
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Clinical Protocol for SARs: Using PARO in the Clinical Setting |
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270 | (4) |
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274 | (1) |
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274 | (3) |
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Chapter 20 Hybrid FES-Robot Devices for Training of Activities of Daily Living |
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277 | (12) |
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277 | (8) |
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279 | (3) |
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Hybrid Assistive Systems for the Future |
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282 | (2) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (4) |
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Chapter 21 Robotic Techniques for the Assessment of Proprioceptive Deficits and for Proprioceptive Training |
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289 | (16) |
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What Is Proprioception and Why Is It Important? |
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289 | (1) |
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Assessment of Proprioceptive Deficits |
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290 | (6) |
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290 | (1) |
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Robotic Assessment Methods |
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291 | (5) |
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Robotic Protocols of Proprioceptive Training |
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296 | (4) |
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Enriching Robotic Assistance With Supplemental Proprioceptive Feedback |
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299 | (1) |
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300 | (1) |
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300 | (5) |
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Chapter 22 Psychophysiological Responses During Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation |
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305 | (14) |
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305 | (3) |
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Expression of Human Emotion |
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307 | (1) |
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Physiological Signal Acquisition |
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308 | (1) |
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308 | (3) |
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Electrocardiogram Physiological Features |
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308 | (1) |
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Skin Conductance Signal Physiological Features |
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309 | (1) |
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Respiration Signal Physiological Features |
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309 | (1) |
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Peripheral Skin Temperature Physiological Features |
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309 | (1) |
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An Example of Recording Physiological Signals |
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309 | (2) |
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311 | (5) |
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Physiological Responses in Healthy Subjects |
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311 | (1) |
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Physiological Responses in a Stroke Population |
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312 | (1) |
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Using Physiological Responses to Condition Human-Robot Interaction |
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312 | (3) |
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Biocooperative Loop Control: State of the Art |
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315 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (2) |
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Chapter 23 Muscle Synergies Approach and Perspective on Application to Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation |
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319 | (14) |
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319 | (1) |
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How to Extract Muscle Synergies From Muscle Activity |
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319 | (3) |
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Muscle Synergies Evidences in Humans and Their Implication for Rehabilitation |
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322 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies in Stroke |
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322 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies in Spinal Cord Injury |
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323 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies in Parkinson's Disease |
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324 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies in Multiple Sclerosis |
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324 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies During Robot-Assisted Rehabilitation |
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325 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies as a Quantitative Assessment for Robot-Aided Rehabilitation |
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326 | (1) |
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Muscle Synergies for the Design of Control Strategies for Rehabilitative Devices |
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327 | (1) |
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Conclusions and Future Trends |
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328 | (1) |
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329 | (4) |
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Chapter 24 Telerehabilitation Robotics: Overview of Approaches and Clinical Outcomes |
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333 | (14) |
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Introduction and Impetus for Telerehabilitation Robotics |
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333 | (1) |
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334 | (2) |
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Level of User Involvement/Assistance |
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334 | (2) |
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336 | (1) |
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336 | (4) |
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336 | (1) |
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Intervention Protocols, Strategies, and Dosing |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (2) |
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340 | (4) |
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340 | (1) |
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Satisfaction and Quality of Life |
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341 | (1) |
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342 | (1) |
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342 | (2) |
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Conclusion and Future Directions |
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344 | (1) |
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344 | (3) |
Index |
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347 | |