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E-raamat: Advances in Poultry Welfare

Series edited by (Department of Animal Welfare, UC Davis, Davis, CA, USA)
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Advances in Poultry Welfare provides a targeted overview of contemporary developments in poultry welfare. The reviews in the volume address topical issues related to poultry welfare research and assessment, with a focus on identifying practical strategies for improvement as well as information gaps that remain to be filled. Part One provides an introduction to poultry production systems and gives a broad overview of current poultry welfare issues. Part Two moves on to review several aspects of poultry management, focusing on hatchery practices, early rearing, and slaughter. Part Three deals with welfare assessment on the farm, while Part Four explores continuing challenges, such as feather pecking and skeletal problems. This is followed in Part Five by a discussion of emerging issues, with chapters covering alternative parasite control methods, backyard poultry production, mass depopulation, and genetic approaches to reducing the impact of environmental stressors on welfare. This book is an essential part of the wider ranging series Advances in Farm Animal Welfare, with coverage of cattle, sheep, pigs, and poultry. With its expert editor and international team of contributors, Advances in Poultry Welfare is a key reference tool for welfare research scientists and students, veterinarians involved in welfare assessment, and indeed anyone with a professional interest in the welfare of poultry. Provides in-depth reviews of emerging topics, research and applications in poultry welfareIntegral part of a wider series, Advances in Agricultural Animal Welfare, which will provide comprehensive coverage of animal welfare of the world’s major farmed animalsCovers a range of topical issues within the field, from beak-trimming and skeletal problems, to early rearing and the design and management of poultry production systemsEdited by a distinguished leader in the field

Muu info

Highlights current and emerging topics in poultry welfare research and applications
List of contributors
xi
Preface xiii
Introduction: Topical issues in poultry welfare xv
Part I Introduction
1(26)
1 Overview of commercial poultry production systems and their main welfare challenges
3(24)
Darrin M. Karcher
Joy A. Mench
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Meat birds
4(5)
1.3 Egg-laying chickens
9(8)
1.4 Welfare considerations in poultry production
17(6)
1.5 Conclusions and implications
23(4)
References
24(3)
Part II Management: Hatch to slaughter
27(84)
2 The effects of hatchery practices on the welfare of poultry
29(20)
Karen Schwean-Lardner
2.1 Introduction
29(1)
2.2 Egg handling prior to and during incubation
29(4)
2.3 Embryonic sensibility
33(2)
2.4 Chick processing
35(5)
2.5 Methods to reduce unwanted chicks---sexing of embryos
40(1)
2.6 Early posthatch feeding
41(1)
2.7 Chick transport conditions
42(1)
2.8 Conclusion
43(6)
References
44(5)
3 Rearing young birds for adaptability
49(28)
Tina Widowski
Stephanie Torrey
3.1 Introduction
49(1)
3.2 Preparing pullets for laying housing systems
49(14)
3.3 Welfare related to feeding the modern chicken and turkey
63(3)
3.4 Rearing for social adaptability
66(2)
3.5 Conclusions
68(1)
3.6 Implications
68(9)
References
68(9)
4 Electrical stunning of poultry
77(22)
Bert Lambooij
Vincent Hindle
4.1 Introduction
77(1)
4.2 Restraint prior to slaughter
78(3)
4.3 General principles of electrical stunning
81(5)
4.4 Stunning methods
86(5)
4.5 Meat quality
91(2)
4.6 Ethics
93(1)
4.7 Advantages and disadvantages
94(1)
4.8 Conclusions and implications
94(5)
References
95(4)
5 Gas and low atmospheric pressure stunning
99(12)
Yvonne V. Thaxton
5.1 Introduction
99(1)
5.2 General concepts
99(2)
5.3 Gas stunning
101(4)
5.4 Low atmospheric pressure stunning (LAPS)
105(3)
5.5 Conclusion
108(3)
References
108(3)
Part III Welfare assessment on the farm
111(38)
6 Welfare assessment of poultry on farm
113(18)
Andy Butterworth
6.1 Introduction
113(1)
6.2 Do outcome-based assessments work in the farm setting?
114(3)
6.3 What poultry OBMs are people measuring and how?
117(6)
6.4 Are farm standards which include OBMs actually being implemented?
123(2)
6.5 What do governmental bodies and commercial users think about the use of "outcome measures" in farm standards and farm assurance?
125(1)
6.6 Conclusions and implications
126(5)
References
127(4)
7 Poultry welfare assessment on the farm: Focusing on the individual
131(18)
Jose A. Linares
Suzanne Dougherty
Suzanne Millman
7.1 Introduction
131(1)
7.2 Behavior of birds that are in pain or ill
132(3)
7.3 Identification of sick or injured individuals
135(4)
7.4 Decision-making regarding whether to treat or euthanize
139(1)
7.5 Humaneness and practical considerations for on-farm euthanasia methods
140(5)
7.6 Conclusions and implications
145(4)
References
146(3)
Part IV Continuing challenges
149(144)
8 Skeletal problems in contemporary commercial laying hens
151(24)
Michael Toscano
8.1 Introduction
151(1)
8.2 Pullet bone growth
151(4)
8.3 Keel bone damage
155(7)
8.4 Musculoskeletal injury during depopulation
162(1)
8.5 Conclusions and implications
163(12)
References
165(10)
9 Feather pecking and cannibalism: Can we really stop beak trimming?
175(24)
Christine Nicol
9.1 Introduction
175(1)
9.2 Beak trimming---Science and policy
176(3)
9.3 Genetic approaches
179(3)
9.4 Management approaches
182(5)
9.5 Managing intact-beak flocks
187(2)
9.6 The role of farmers and consumers
189(1)
9.7 Conclusion
189(10)
References
190(9)
10 Sustainability of laying hen housing systems
199(28)
Joy A. Mench
T. Bas Rodenburg
10.1 Introduction
199(1)
10.2 Hen production systems
199(3)
10.3 Hen welfare
202(5)
10.4 Environmental impacts
207(2)
10.5 Egg quality and safety
209(4)
10.6 Worker health and safety
213(2)
10.7 Economics
215(3)
10.8 Conclusions and implications
218(9)
References
220(7)
11 Stocking density: Can we judge how much space poultry need?
227(16)
Marian S. Dawkins
11.1 Introduction
227(1)
11.2 "Needs" and the assessment of welfare
228(1)
11.3 Assessment of space needs: Physical health
229(3)
11.4 Assessment of space needs: Behavior and what the animals want
232(3)
11.5 Complicating factors in the assessment of space needs
235(1)
11.6 Conclusions
236(7)
References
237(6)
12 Understanding social behavior for better flock management
243(20)
Inma Estevez
12.1 Introduction
243(1)
12.2 Understanding the basic principles of social behavior
243(2)
12.3 Social dynamics
245(6)
12.4 Social conflict
251(4)
12.5 Social behavior and reproduction
255(2)
12.6 Conclusions and implications
257(6)
References
259(4)
13 Welfare issues in turkey production
263(30)
Marisa A. Erasmus
13.1 Introduction
263(2)
13.2 Fear and stress
265(6)
13.3 Injurious pecking and aggression
271(3)
13.4 Footpad dermatitis and leg abnormalities
274(2)
13.5 Environment and management factors affecting turkey welfare
276(6)
13.6 Welfare issues of turkey breeders
282(1)
13.7 Conclusions and implications
283(10)
References
285(8)
Part V Emerging issues
293(80)
14 The future of poultry pest management
295(28)
Bradley A. Mullens
Amy C. Murillo
14.1 Introduction
295(1)
14.2 The poultry pest complex
296(3)
14.3 Production systems influence pest complexes and severity
299(1)
14.4 Laying hen housing systems
300(4)
14.5 Nonorganic and organic pest control options in alternative systems
304(10)
14.6 Balancing welfare concerns and pest damage with economics
314(1)
14.7 Conclusions and implications
315(8)
References
316(7)
15 Using genetic approaches to improve host responses to environmental stressors
323(16)
Ying Wang
Perot Saelao
Khin K.Z. Mon
Tae-Hyun Kim
Terra Kelly
Huaijun Zhou
15.1 Introduction
323(1)
15.2 Biotic stress---Viral diseases
323(7)
15.3 Biotic stress---Bacterial diseases
330(2)
15.4 Abiotic stress---Heat stress
332(2)
15.5 Conclusions and implications
334(5)
References
334(5)
16 Backyard flock production
339(12)
Richard A. Blatchford
16.1 Introduction
339(1)
16.2 Welfare concerns
340(4)
16.3 Challenges for backyard flock owners
344(4)
16.4 Conclusion
348(3)
References
349(2)
17 Mass depopulation
351(22)
Dorothy McKeegan
17.1 Introduction
351(3)
17.2 Mass depopulation methods
354(15)
17.3 Conclusions
369(4)
References
370(3)
Index 373
Joy Mench is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Animal Science at the University of California, Davis, USA, and acts as an animal welfare consultant to various food system stakeholders, including animal producers, retailers, and non-governmental organizations. Her expertise spans both avian and animal sciences, with a particular focus on ethics and animal behavior and welfare.