Book presents scientific information that hobbyists can use to set up and maintain successful planted freshwater aquaria. Book contains practical tips using a question-and-answer format in boxes scattered throughout the text. Hobbyists learn how to keep a healthy and inexpensive aquarium. Although the author prefers “low-tech” methods, she lays out the science that underlies all methods. The author shows that hobbyists can create thriving planted freshwater tanks WITHOUT CO2 injection, fertilizers, expensive lighting fixtures, and other high-tech gadgets.

Introduction

(8)

Chapters of the Book

(2)

Introduction

(1)

Plants as Water Purifiers

(1)

Allelopathy

(1)

Bacteria

(1)

Sources of Plant Nutrients

(1)

Carbon

(1)

Plant Nutrition and Ecology

(1)

Substrates

(1)

The Aerial Advantage

(1)

Algae Control

(1)

Practical Aquarium Setup and Maintenance

(1)

Is the 'Balanced Aquarium' Dead?

(1)

Characteristics of a Natural, 'Low-tech' Aquarium

(1)

pH Remains Stable

(1)

Low Maintenance

(1)

Fish Behavior is Normal

(1)

How Plants Benefit Aquariums

(2)

Promoting Plant Growth in the Aquarium

(2)

Plants as Water Purifiers

(24)

Heavy Metals

(11)

Metals in Our Water Supplies

(2)

Mechanisms of Heavy Metal Toxicity

(1)

Metal Toxicity in Fish

(1)

Metal Toxicity in Plants

(2)

Factors that Moderate Metal Toxicity

(1)

Water hardness and pH

(1)

Dissolved Organic Carbon

(3)

Artificial Chelators

(1)

Variation between Species

(1)

Other Factors

(1)

Metal Uptake by Plants

(2)

Ammonia

(1)

Ammonia Toxicity in Fish

(1)

Ammonia Toxicity in Plants

(1)

Ammonia Uptake by Aquatic Plants

(1)

Nitrites

(2)

Nitrite Toxicity

(1)

Nitrite Uptake by Plants

(1)

Using Aquatic Plants in Wastewater Treatment

(2)

Plants and Toxic Compounds in Aquariums

(8)

Allelopathy

(24)

Allelopathy in Aquatic Plants

(13)

Phenolics as Allelochemicals in Aquatic Plants

(1)

Allelochemical Release from the Plant

(1)

The Subtle Nature of Aquatic Plant Allelopathy

(1)

Aquatic Plants versus Algae

(3)

Aquatic Plants versus Bacteria and Invertebrates

(1)

Chemical Warfare between Aquatic Plants

(1)

Allelopathy in the Substrate

(1)

Allelopathy in the Water

(1)

Defensive Chemicals Induced by Infection

(1)

Auto-inhibition

(1)

Allelopathy in Algae

(2)

Allelopathy in the Aquarium

(7)

Bacteria

(20)

Bacteria Processes

(11)

Decomposition by Heterotrophic Bacteria

(2)

Decomposition in the Sediment as a CO2 Source

(1)

Production of Humic Substances

(1)

Nitrification

(1)

Denitrification

(2)

Nitrite Accumulation

(1)

Nitrate Respiration

(1)

Incomplete Nitrification

(1)

Incomplete DAP and Incomplete Denitrification

(1)

Reduction of Iron and Manganese

(1)

Hydrogen Sulfide Production

(1)

Hydrogen Sulfide Destruction

(1)

Fermentation and Methanogenisis

(1)

Methane Oxidation

(1)

Biofilms

(2)

Bacteria Processes in the Aquarium

(6)

Sources of Plant Nutrients

(14)

Representative Aquarium and Methodology

(1)

Fishfood

(5)

Chemical Uniformity of Living Things

(2)

Fishfood as a Source of Nutrients

(1)

Nutrients Go from Fishfood to Aquarium Plants

(3)

Soil as a Source of Plant Nutrients

(2)

Water as a Source of Plant Nutrients

(3)

Water Hardness and the 'Hardwater Nutrients'

(1)

Water as a Source of Plant Nutrients

(2)

Availability of Plant Nutrients in the Aquarium

(3)

Carbon

(12)

Water Alkalinity, pH, and CO2

(2)

Carbon Limits the Growth of Submerged Plants

(1)

Carbon's Scarcity in Natural Freshwaters

(2)

Plant Strategies to Increase Carbon Uptake

(4)

Storage of CO2 as Malate

(1)

Fixation of Respired CO2

(1)

Bicarbonate Use

(1)

Sediment CO2 Uptake

(1)

Aerial Leaf

(1)

Miscellaneous Strategies

(1)

Carbon Sources for Plants

100

(1)

CO2 in the Aquarium

100

(3)

Plant Nutrition and Ecology

103

(20)

Required Nutrients

103

(1)

Competitive Uptake of Nutrients

104

(1)

Nutrient Accumulation and the Critical Concentration

104

(1)

Moderate Water Movement is Best

104

(1)

Sediment versus Water Uptake of Nutrients

104

(3)

Nutrient Translocation

105

(1)

Plants Prefer Root Uptake of Phosphorus

106

(1)

Plants Prefer Shoot Uptake of Potassium

106

(1)

Aquatic Plants Prefer Leaf Uptake of Ammonium

106

(1)

Nitrogen Nutrition in Aquatic Plants

107

(5)

Aquatic Plants Prefer Ammonium over Nitrates

107

(1)

Nitrogen Source for Best Growth

108

(2)

Ecology and Nitrogen Source Preferences

110

(1)

Plants and Nitrifying Bacteria Compete

111

(1)

Water Hardness and Plant Ecology

112

(6)

Requirements of Hardwater Plants

114

(1)

Requirements of Softwater Plants

115

(3)

Nutrition in the Aquarium

118

(5)

Substrate

123

(20)

Components of Soils and Sediments

123

(2)

Mineral Particles [ 1,2]

124

(1)

Organic Matter

124

(1)

Precipitated Inorganic Matter

124

(1)

Microorganisms

125

(1)

Characteristics of Soils and Sediments

125

(5)

Nutrient Binding

125

(2)

Anaerobic Nature of Substrates

127

(2)

Oxidized Microzone Keeps Nutrients and Toxins in Sediments

129

(1)

Stability of Sediments and Submerged Soils

129

(1)

Chaos in Freshly Submerged Terrestrial Soils

130

(2)

Terrestrial Soils and Sediments for Growing Aquatic Plants

132

(1)

Problems of Sediments and Submerged Soils

132

(3)

Metal Toxicity

132

(1)

Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) Toxicity

133

(1)

Organic Matter

133

(1)

Low Redox

134

(1)

Acid Sulfate Soils

134

(1)

Turbidity

134

(1)

Effect of Aquatic Plants on Substrates

135

(2)

Substrates in Aquariums

137

(6)

Selecting Soils

137

(1)

Setting Up Tanks with Soils

138

(1)

Fertilization

138

(1)

Gravel Additives

139

(1)

Substrate Degradation over Time?

139

(4)

The Aerial Advantage

143

(14)

Aerial Advantages

144

(9)

Aerial Growth Uses CO2 More Efficiently

144

(2)

Aerial Growth Uses Light More Efficiently

146

(1)

Emergent Plants Ferment Better

147

(1)

Aerial Growth Aerates the Root Area Better

148

(1)

Root Release of Oxygen by Aquatic Plants

148

(1)

Root O2 Release is More Efficient in Emergent Plants

148

(2)

How Emergent Plants Aerate the Root Area

150

(2)

How Oxygen Benefits Rooted Aquatic Plants

152

(1)

Floating Plants Increase Biological Activity

153

(1)

Aerial Growth in the Aquarium

154

(3)

Algae Control

157

(18)

Common Methods for Controlling Algae

157

(3)

Algaecides, Chlorox, and Antibiotics

157

(1)

Light Reduction

158

(1)

Water Changes

159

(1)

Algae-Eating Fish, Shrimp, and Snails

159

(1)

Phosphate Removal

160

(1)

Competition between Algae and Plants

160

(5)

Advantages Algae have over Plants

162

(1)

Better Adaptation to Low Light

162

(1)

Algal Adaptation to the Light Spectrum

162

(1)

Better Adaptation to High pH and Alkaline Water

163

(1)

More Efficient Uptake of Nutrients from the Water

164

(1)

Greater Species Distribution

164

(1)

Advantages Plants have over Algae

165

(1)

Factors in Controlling Algae

165

(5)

Emergent Plants

165

(2)

Iron

167

(1)

Iron as the Limiting Nutrient for Algae

167

(1)

How Algae Gets Iron

167

(2)

Iron and Algae Control

169

(1)

Allelopathy

170

(1)

Intensive Care for Algal Takeovers

170

(5)

Practical Aquarium Setup and Maintenance

175

(11)

Typical Pathways for Beginning Hobbyists

175

(1)

Setting up a Basic, 'Low-Tech' Aquarium

176

(1)

Major Factors

176

(6)

Fish

176

(2)

Light

178

(1)

Window Light and Sunlight

178

(2)

Fluorescent Light

180

(1)

Plant Selection

181

(1)

Guidelines in Aquarium Keeping

182

(4)

Abbreviations and Conversions

186

(3)

Subject Index

189

Ecology of the Planted Aquarium 2nd ed. [Kõva köide]

Konto & seaded

Otsing

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Filtreeri tulemusi

Teemad Ingliskeelsed raamatud

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