This book offers a unique guide to the three-dimensional (3D) printing of metals. It covers various aspects of additive, subtractive, and joining processes used to form three-dimensional parts with applications ranging from prototyping to production.
Examining a variety of manufacturing technologies and their ability to produce both prototypes and functional production-quality parts, the individual chapters address metal components and discuss some of the important research challenges associated with the use of these technologies.
As well as exploring the latest technologies currently under development, the book features unique sections on electron beam melting technology, material lifting, and the importance this science has in the engineering context. Presenting unique real-life case studies from industry, this book is also the first to offer the perspective of engineers who work in the field of aerospace and transportation systems, and who design components and manufacturing networks. Written by the leading experts in this field at universities and in industry, it provides a comprehensive textbook for students and an invaluable guide for practitioners
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1 Introduction to Additive Manufacturing |
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1 | (32) |
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1.1 Brief History of AM Development |
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1 | (4) |
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1.2 Distinctions and Benefits of Additive Manufacturing |
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5 | (1) |
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1.3 Additive Manufacturing Technologies |
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6 | (18) |
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6 | (9) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Metal Additive Manufacturing Overview |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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1.3.8 Directed Energy Deposition |
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23 | (1) |
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1.4 Developmental Additive Manufacturing Technologies |
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24 | (9) |
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1.4.1 Continuous Liquid Interface Production |
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24 | (2) |
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1.4.2 Directed Acoustic Energy Metal Filament Modeling |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (4) |
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2 Additive Manufacturing Process Chain |
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33 | (12) |
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2.1 Generation of Computer-Aided Design Model of Design |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2 Conversion of CAD Model into AM Machine Acceptable Format |
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34 | (1) |
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2.3 CAD Model Preparation |
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35 | (4) |
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2.3.1 STL File Preparation |
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37 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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2.3.3 Build File Preparation |
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37 | (2) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (1) |
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42 | (3) |
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3 Microstructure, Mechanical Properties, and Design Considerations for Additive Manufacturing |
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45 | (18) |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2 Specimen Manufacturing |
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46 | (1) |
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3.3 Design Considerations |
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46 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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48 | (4) |
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52 | (4) |
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56 | (1) |
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56 | (1) |
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3.9 Influence of Dispersoids |
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57 | (1) |
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3.10 Electron Beam Technology |
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58 | (2) |
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60 | (3) |
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61 | (2) |
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4 Electron Beam Technology |
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63 | (18) |
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4.1 Additive Manufacturing |
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63 | (5) |
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63 | (1) |
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4.1.2 Electron Beam Melting |
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64 | (2) |
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66 | (1) |
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4.1.4 Powder Metallurgy Requirements for EBM |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (4) |
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68 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Induction Plasma Atomization |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (2) |
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71 | (1) |
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4.3 Powder Characterization |
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72 | (1) |
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4.4 Parameter Development |
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73 | (3) |
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4.5 Build Setup and Process |
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76 | (5) |
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77 | (4) |
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5 Design for Additive Manufacturing |
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81 | (80) |
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81 | (2) |
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5.2 Material Considerations |
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83 | (5) |
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5.3 General Design Consideration for AM |
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88 | (9) |
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5.4 Support Structure Designs |
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97 | (6) |
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5.5 Design Consideration for Powder Bed Fusion Metal AM |
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103 | (17) |
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5.6 Design for Lightweight Structures |
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120 | (41) |
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5.6.1 Geometric Design for Lightweight Structures |
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122 | (25) |
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5.6.2 Material/Process Design for Lightweight Structures |
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147 | (5) |
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152 | (9) |
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6 The Additive Manufacturing Supply Chain |
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161 | (6) |
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6.1 Production Components Using Metals Powder Bed Fusion |
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161 | (3) |
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6.1.1 Overview of Current State |
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161 | (2) |
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6.1.2 Steps Toward a Production Process |
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163 | (1) |
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6.1.3 Future Considerations of Metals Additive Manufacturing of Production Parts |
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163 | (1) |
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6.2 Logistics Changes as a Result of 3D Printing |
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164 | (2) |
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6.2.1 Examples of Additive Manufacturing Transforming the Supply Chain |
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165 | (1) |
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6.3 The Next 20 Years---Where the Metal 3D Printing Supply Base Is Headed |
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166 | (1) |
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6.3.1 From the Perspective of Components and Production |
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166 | (1) |
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6.3.2 From the Perspective of Logistics |
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166 | (1) |
References |
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167 | |
Dr. Yang received his Ph.D. in industrial engineering from North Carolina State University in 2011, and M.S. in mechanical engineering from Tsinghua University in 2007. He is currently the assistant professor in Department of Industrial Engineering at University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA, with primary research focused on design of additive manufacturing and lightweight structure designs. Between 2012 and 2013, he worked as testing engineer in B/E Aerospace, and took primary responsibilities of the establishment and daily operation of the life cycle testing group. He is the recipient of 2016 International Outstanding Young Researcher in Freeform and Additive Manufacturing (FAME Junior) Award, the 2012 Emerald Engineering Outstanding Doctoral Research Award in Additive Manufacturing, and 2007 3rd Grade Scholarship of Excellency in Tsinghua University. Dr. Yang is a member of IIE, SME, SAMPE, ACerS, and TMS. He is also a member of Alpha Pi Mu (Industrial Engineering).
Dr. Hsu received his Ph.D in Mechanical Science and Engineering from the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign in 2009. Since then he has devoted his professional life to research, teaching, and engineering consulting. More than 30 peer-reviewed journal publications has resulted from his research work which revolves around advanced manufacturing at multiple scales in both top-down and bottom-up approaches. He has 8 years of directing additive manufacturing research laboratories including the Ford Rapid Prototyping Lab at the University of Illinois, and the Advanced Multi-scale Manufacturing Lab within the Manufacturing Research and Innovation Hub at ASU. He is a member of SME.
Dr. Nanu Menon received his Ph.D. in Materials Engineering from Vanderbilt University. This was followed by a post-doc appointment at USC before proceeding to work at WPAFB, Dayton, OH as a National Research Council Fellow. Since then, he has worked at Westinghouse Hanford, Richland, WA. and GE Aircraft Engines at Evendale before coming to work at Garrett in Phoenix in 1981. At Garrett/Allied Signal/Honeywell, he has been working in the Life Methods Group for the past 32 years, characterizing alloys, creating mechanical property, fatigue and creep rate models, developing life prediction codes, and establishing fractographic knowledge useful in failure analysis.
Dr. Soeren Wiener is the Director of Technology and Advanced Operations at Honeywell Aerospace, where he oversees the development and deployment of game-changing manufacturing technologies into the global supply chain. Dr. Wiener earned a Masters Degree in Mechanical Engineering from the Technical University (TH) in Karlsruhe, Germany with an emphasis on production technology and computer aided design. After joining AlliedSignal (later Honeywell) he earned his Doctorate in Mechanical Engineering from the Technical University in Dresden, Germany as an external candidate with an emphasis on closed-loop systems for design, manufacturing, and inspection of highly stressed aerospace components. Prior to his current role with Honeywell, Dr. Wiener was Director of Quality in Mechanical Repair and Overhaul. Additionally, he led manufacturing engineering, customer quality and turbine engine overhaul organizations. He began his career as a design engineer specializing in gear and coupling designs. Dr. Wiener is currently focused on achieving full-scale production of FAA-certified engine hardware using metal 3D printing and other novel manufacturing processes.
Dr. Francisco Medina PhD, is the Technology Leader for additive manufacturing at EWI. Previously, he was a senior specialist in materials development at Arcam where he managed Arcams relationships and R&D activities in North America. Medina received a bachelors degree in mechanical engineering in 2000, a masters degree in 2005 and a doctorate in materials science in 2013, all from the University of Texas at El Paso. He has been involved in additive manufacturing since 2000, focusing his attention in the metals additive manufacturing methods area for rapid material development and low-cost powder manufacturing. Medinas work in the additive manufacturing industry has been published in numerous journals and conference proceedings. He has been recognized with several awards, including first place in EBMs Users Group Meeting Part Completion for Best Creative Part, Outstanding Paper by Emerald Group Publishing, the 2007 Emerald Literati Network Award for Excellence and the 2004 RTAM/SME Dick Aubin Distinguished Paper Award. He holds nine additive manufacturing patents, with several other patents pending. Medina is the former chair of the Additive Manufacturing Community. Professional Affiliations SME, MRS, ASTM International and TMS.
Brian Baughman is currently a Principal Engineer with Honeywell Aerospace, where he works in the Additive Manufacturing Technology Center located in Phoenix, AZ. His primary role is currently focused on the introduction of additive manufacturing technologies into the manufacturing supply chain. Mr. Baughman earned BS and MS degrees in Welding Engineering from The Ohio State University. Prior to joining Honeywell, he worked at EWI as a Graduate Fellow and Applications Engineer specializing in arc welding technology and automation. Mr. Baughman joined Honeywell in 2006 where he held several roles of increasing responsibility in the Aftermarket Repair and Overhaul, Materials and Process Engineering, and Advanced Manufacturing Engineering groups. He has worked in the field of additive manufacturing and laser processing since 2002 and with powder bed additive manufacturing since 2010.
Donald Godfrey is employed as an Engineering Fellow in the science of additive manufacturing for Honeywell. Donald holds over 17 patents related to additive manufacturing. Donald Godfrey holds a BS from Purdue University and an MS from Indiana Wesleyan University. He earned a Continuation Education Diploma from The University of Wisconsin Madison in the area of Value Engineering and a Masters Certificate from The George Washington University in the area of Project Management. He is a Honeywell Certified Black Belt and Lean Expert and holds Certified Project Management status from the Project Management Institute (PMI). Donald is the corporate focal for additive manufacturing within Honeywell International. He is responsible for the integration of 3D Printing / Additive Manufacturing into the Honeywell business culture and has technology responsibility for the laboratories in Brno, Czech Republic; Shanghai, China; Bangalore, India and Phoenix, Arizona.
Donald also serves as the Chair to the Honeywell Aerospace Intellectual Property Steering Committee for Additive Manufacturing Technology.