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E-raamat: Dating Buildings and Landscapes with Tree-Ring Analysis: An Introduction with Case Studies

(Hanover College, USA), (Ball State University, USA)
  • Formaat: 302 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2019
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351381956
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Dating Buildings and Landscapes with Tree-Ring Analysis: An Introduction with Case StudiesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 302 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2019
  • Kirjastus: Routledge
  • Keel: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781351381956
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This book presents guidance, theory, methodologies, and case studies for analyzing tree rings to accurately date and interpret historic buildings and landscapes.

Written by two long-time practitioners in the field of dendrochronology, the research is grounded in the fieldwork data of approximately 200 structures and landscapes. By scientifically analyzing the tree rings of historic timbers, preservationists can obtain valuable information about construction dates, interpret the evolution of landscapes and buildings over time, identify species and provenance, and gain insight into the species matrix of local forests. Authors Darrin L. Rubino and Christopher Baas demonstrate, through full-color illustrated case studies and methodologies, how this information can be used to interpret the history of buildings and landscapes and assist preservation decision-making.

Over 1,000 samples obtained from more than 40 buildings, including high style houses, vernacular log houses, and timber frame barns, are reported. This book will be particularly relevant for students, instructors, and professional readers interested in historic preservation, cultural landscapes, museum studies, archaeology, and dendrochronology globally.
List of figures
xi
List of tables
xvi
Acknowledgments xix
Conventions xxi
1 Can you date my building: an introduction to tree-ring analysis for dating buildings and landscapes
1(12)
1.1 Introduction
1(1)
1.2 An overview: can you date my building?
2(8)
1.2.1 Buildings and landscapes
2(1)
1.2.2 Understanding how trees grow
3(1)
1.2.3 Basics of tree-ring science
3(1)
1.2.4 Obtaining a construction date
3(5)
1.2.5 Reporting findings
8(2)
1.3 Who we are
10(1)
1.4 Our goals
10(1)
1.5 Literature cited
11(2)
2 Understanding cultural landscapes and historic buildings: frameworks for interpreting and communicating tree-ring analysis
13(14)
2.1 Introduction
13(1)
2.2 Cultural landscape studies
13(1)
2.3 Defining cultural landscapes and the cultural hearth theoretical framework
14(1)
2.4 Discourse materialized: a theoretical framework
15(1)
2.5 Terms and definitions
16(9)
2.6 Conclusion
25(1)
2.7 Literature cited
25(2)
3 Botany for the dendrochronologist
27(13)
3.1 Introduction to botany
27(1)
3.2 Anatomy and morphology of a woody stem
28(4)
3.3 Wood words
32(3)
3.3.1 Hardwoods and softwoods
32(1)
3.3.2 Earlywood and latewood
33(1)
3.3.3 Heartwood and sapwood
34(1)
3.4 Wood identification
35(3)
3.5 Conclusion
38(1)
3.6 Literature cited
38(2)
4 Tree-ring basics for the historian, archaeologist, and preservationist
40(11)
4.1 Introduction to dendrochronology
40(2)
4.2 Variability in tree-ring width
42(2)
4.3 Crossdating
44(2)
4.4 Creating reference chronologies
46(3)
4.5 Conclusion
49(1)
4.6 Literature cited
50(1)
5 Tree-ring analysis methods for the field, woodshop, and lab
51(24)
5.1 Introduction
51(1)
5.2 Field methods
51(11)
5.2.1 Obtaining tree-ring samples
54(8)
5.2.2 Timber type determination
62(1)
5.3 Woodshop methods
62(2)
5.4 Laboratory procedures
64(10)
5.4.1 Microscopic timber type determination
64(1)
5.4.2 Assigning years and crossdating
65(2)
5.4.2.1 Crossdating using skeleton plots
67(3)
5.4.2.2 Crossdating with measured tree rings
70(4)
5.5 Conclusion
74(1)
5.6 Literature cited
74(1)
6 Archival and scholarly sources for interpreting tree-ring analysis
75(15)
6.1 Introduction
76(1)
6.2 Sanborn maps
76(1)
6.3 Atlases, plat maps, and landscape illustrations
77(2)
6.4 Property deeds and titles
79(1)
6.5 General Land Office survey (GLO)
80(1)
6.6 Population census
81(1)
6.7 Agricultural census
82(1)
6.8 Newspapers
83(1)
6.9 Probate records: wills and inventories
83(1)
6.10 Letters, diaries, and journals
84(1)
6.11 Oral histories
84(1)
6.12 Directories
84(1)
6.13 Photographic images
85(1)
6.14 Historic aerial photographs
85(1)
6.15 Secondary sources
86(1)
6.16 Conclusion
87(1)
6.17 Literature cited
87(3)
7 Reporting the results of tree-ring analysis
90(13)
7.1 Introduction
90(1)
7.2 Parts of a tree-ring analysis report
90(1)
7.3 Data tables
91(5)
7.3.1 Tree-ring sample table construction
91(2)
7.3.2 Outer rings and assigning construction dates
93(1)
7.3.3 Timbers without dates
94(1)
7.3.4 Chronology summary table construction
95(1)
7.4 Chronology and sample depth reporting
96(1)
7.5 Field drawings
96(2)
7.5.1 Field documentation of barns
97(1)
7.5.2 Field documentation of houses, churches, and commercial buildings
97(1)
7.6 Equipment for field documentation
98(1)
7.7 Field drawings and photographs
98(4)
7.8 Conclusion
102(1)
7.9 Literature cited
102(1)
8 Enhancing interpretation: case studies for open air and house museums
103(26)
8.1 Introduction
103(2)
8.2 Tree-ring analysis of outdoor and house museums: opportunities and challenges
105(1)
8.3 Delphi Canal Park: case study of an open air museum
106(7)
8.3.1 Fonts House
106(3)
8.3.2 Loom House
109(1)
8.3.3 Runs House
109(2)
8.3.4 Speece Shelter
111(1)
8.3.5 Bowen House
111(1)
8.3.6 Reed and Marian Case House
112(1)
8.3.7 Summary of the tree-ring analysis of Delphi Canal Park
113(1)
8.4 John Hay Center
113(3)
8.4.1 John Hay House addition
113(2)
8.4.2 Haganman House
115(1)
8.5 Jeremiah Sullivan House
116(3)
8.6 Grayson House
119(2)
8.7 Frederick and Sophia Wyneken House
121(5)
8.8 Grouseland
126(1)
8.9 Conclusion
127(1)
8.10 Literature cited
127(2)
9 Case studies: dating and interpreting diverse cultural landscapes
129(27)
9.1 Introduction
129(2)
9.1.1 Dendrochronology and interpreting historic sites
129(2)
9.2 Using dendrochronology to identify historic slave dwellings
131(8)
9.2.1 The Sanders House and the Clay Hill Cabin
131(8)
9.3 The George DeBaptiste House
139(2)
9.4 Eleutherian College
141(6)
9.4.1 The classroom and chapel building
141(1)
9.4.2 Caretaker's House
142(1)
9.4.3 The Lyman and Asenath Hoyt House
143(1)
9.4.4 Tree-ring analysis of Eleutherian College
143(4)
9.5 MuseedeVenoge
147(3)
9.6 Tree-ring analysis of the George Ash House
150(3)
9.7 Conclusion
153(1)
9.8 Literature cited
153(3)
10 Chronicling landscape evolution using tree-ring analysis
156(28)
10.1 Introduction
156(1)
10.2 The fort in the doctor's house
156(2)
10.3 Fort Wayne archival and secondary sources
158(2)
10.4 The archaeology of North American forts
160(1)
10.5 Unique sources for documenting Fort Wayne
161(2)
10.6 Dendrochronology results
163(6)
10.7 Huxford House conclusions
169(1)
10.8 Dendrochronological analysis of a 19th-century farmstead: introduction
170(1)
10.9 Archival and scholarly sources for the Glenn Farmstead
170(1)
10.10 Farmstead structures
171(8)
10.10.1 Apple House
171(2)
10.10.2 Robert Glenn Mouse
173(1)
10.10.3 English barn
174(3)
10.10.4 Woodshed
177(1)
10.10.5 Corncrib
177(1)
10.10.6 Sheep barn
178(1)
10.11 Glenn Farmstead conclusions
179(2)
10.12 Literature cited
181(3)
11 Mew Harmony, Indiana: tree-ring analysis of a communal and Utopian landscape
184(25)
11.1 Introduction
184(2)
11.2 Harmonist housing
186(1)
11.3 Archival and scholarly sources for New Harmony buildings
187(2)
11.4 Community House No. 2
189(5)
11.4.1 Tree-ring analysis of Community House No. 2
191(1)
11.4.2 Dendrochronology results for Community House No. 2
191(3)
11.5 Community House No. 4/ThraU's Opera House
194(5)
11.5.1 Community House No. 4/Thralls Opera House archival and scholarly sources
196(1)
11.5.2 Community House No. 4/Thralls Opera House dendrochronology results
196(3)
11.6 Mattias Scholle House
199(4)
11.6.1 Archival and scholarly sources for the Scholle House
199(2)
11.6.2 Dendrochronology results for the Scholle House
201(2)
11.7 Fauntleroy House
203(4)
11.7.1 Archival and scholarly sources for the Fauntleroy House
204(1)
11.7.2 Dendrochronology results for the Fauntleroy House
204(3)
11.8 Summary of the tree-ring analysis of Harmonist buildings
207(1)
11.9 Conclusion
207(1)
11.10 Literature cited
207(2)
12 Innovation to obsolescence: tree-ring analysis of a regional barn type
209(33)
12.1 Early commercial production and shipping of hay
209(2)
12.2 Defining, interpreting, and preserving a regional vernacular bam type
211(1)
12.3 Archival sources and scholarship of Mormon beater hay press bams
212(1)
12.4 Testing theories for an evolution in press barn forms
212(9)
12.4.1 Results of the tree-ring analysis of hay press barns
218(3)
12.5 Tree-ring analysis of the Justi and Mary Thiebaud Farmstead
221(9)
12.5.1 Thiebaud House and Corncrib
228(1)
12.5.2 Thiebaud Farmstead summary
229(1)
12.6 Detecting recycled timbers in new press barns
230(6)
12.6.1 Posey Township Hay Press Barn
230(1)
12.6.2 Anderson Hay Barn
230(6)
12.7 Using dendrochronology to establish a vernacular precedent for beater hay press barns
236(4)
12.8 Conclusion
240(1)
12.9 Literature cited
240(2)
13 Unique applications of tree-ring data
242(21)
13.1 Introduction
242(1)
13.2 Using tree rings to make sense of timber selection
242(11)
13.2.1 Why use a specific timber type?
243(1)
13.2.2 Are there biases in timber selection?
243(3)
13.2.3 What species of trees are available for construction?
246(1)
13.2.4 Methods for identifying timber bias
247(3)
13.2.5 Does species availability change over time?
250(2)
13.2.6 Summary of timber type selection
252(1)
13.3 Determining timber origin: dendroprovenancing
253(7)
13.3.1 Determining timbers'geographic source
254(1)
13.3.2 Sullivan House
255(1)
13.3.3 Thiebaud Hay Press Barn
256(3)
13.3.4 Braytown North Hay Press Barn
259(1)
13.3.5 White pine in the mid-Ohio River Valley
259(1)
13.4 Conclusion
260(1)
13.5 Literature cited
260(3)
14 Active inquiry: dating a 19th-century log house using historical documents and tree-ring science
263(8)
14.1 Introduction
263(2)
14.2 Historical documentation
265(1)
14.3 Tree-ring samples
266(1)
14.4 Crossdating and date assignment
267(3)
14.5 Conclusion: can you date my building?
270(1)
14.6 Literature cited
270(1)
Index 271
Darrin L. Rubino is a Professor of Biology at Hanover College, USA. He joined the Hanover faculty in 2002. He is a graduate of Thiel College (1995) and earned his Masters from Clarion University of Pennsylvania (1997) and PhD from Ohio University (2002). He has been a member of the Indiana Academy of Science since 2002. In addition to serving as the President of the Academy, Darrin served as Chair and Vice Chair of the Academys Botany Section on several occasions. He became a Fellow of the Academy in 2013. Darrin is a forest ecologist and studies wood decay, vascular plant community composition, non-native plants, and woody debris (dead and down trees). His main research interest is dendrochronology, the study of tree rings. He uses patterns of tree rings to understand the influence of historic human impacts and natural processes on forest structure, function, and composition. In 2007, 2012, and 2018 Darrin was awarded the Arthur and Ilene Baynham Award for Outstanding Teaching at Hanover College, and he won the Colleges Daryl R. Karns Award for Scholarly and Creative Activity in 2014.

Christopher Baas is an Associate Professor in the Department of Landscape Architecture at Ball State University, USA, and a Registered Landscape Architect. Following a 20-year career as a practicing Landscape Architect, he joined the Ball State University faculty in 2008. He is a graduate of Ball State University (1988) and earned his Masters from the University of WisconsinMadison (1996). He teaches planning and design studios, as well as historic preservation and landscape restoration courses. Christophers scholarly focus is documenting and interpreting historic cultural landscapes. He is interested in the work of early 20th-century landscape architect George Kesslers park and boulevard design of Hoosier cities, and Danish landscape architect Jen Jensens conservation of the Indiana dunes. Baas is also active in the documentation and interpretation of southeast Indianas 19th-century culture of growing, pressing, and shipping hay.
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