This book delivers a compelling exploration of Southeast Asias fertility transition, highlighting both crosscountry contrasts and withincountry diversity. It examines ultralow fertility nations such as Singapore and Thailand alongside higherfertility countries like TimorLeste, while uncovering socioeconomic and regional variations within individual nations. Drawing on national surveys and global datasets from the United Nations and World Bank, it provides a comprehensive, datadriven analysis of how education, employment, urbanization, family wealth, contraceptive use, and delayed marriage influence fertility behaviors. Beyond demographic patterns, the book connects fertility trends to economic growth, policy innovation, and urgent challenges such as aging populations, shrinking workforces, and economic sustainability. Offering practical frameworks for population policies informed by successful practices within and beyond the region, it aligns with the International Conference on Population and Development priorities and the Sustainable Development Goals. A vital resource, it highlights the consequences of declining fertility and the demographic diversity shaping Southeast Asia today.
