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E-raamat: Handbook of Petrochemicals Production, Second Edition

3.92/5 (12 hinnangut Goodreads-ist)

Robert Meyers

Formaat: EPUB+DRM
Ilmumisaeg: 06-Oct-2018
Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Education
Keel: eng
ISBN-13: 9781259643149

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Formaat: EPUB+DRM
Ilmumisaeg: 06-Oct-2018
Kirjastus: McGraw-Hill Education
Keel: eng
ISBN-13: 9781259643149

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A complete guide to petrochemicals production processesfully revised to cover the latest advances

Get all the information you need on petrochemical processes for major organic chemicals inside this industry-standard one-stop reference. Prepared by leading petrochemical licensing firms, Handbook of Petrochemicals Production Processes, Second Edition clearly explains the powerful techniques used to create the most economically important chemicals in the world. The book offers cutting-edge production methods along with detailed product properties. You will discover how to effectively evaluate licensable processes for new production through the comparison of technologies, environmental factors, and economics.

Coverage includes:

General process descriptions, feed definitions, product yields, and simplified flow diagrams

Process chemistries and thermodynamics

Commercial process perspectives, including plant locations and long-term plans

Process details, with flow diagrams and mass and energy balances for major process variations

Feeds and details on unique and key equipment

Brand-new details on gas to petrochemical conversion, biomass to petrochemical conversion, and bisphonal A (BPA)

Contributors

xix

Preface

xxiii

Licensing Contacts

xxv

Part 1: Intermediates

Chapter 1.1 Badger Cumene Technology

1.3

(1)

Kevin J. Fallon

Introduction

1.3

(1)

Cumene Uses and Industry

1.3

(1)

Physical Properties

1.5

(1)

Process Chemistry

1.5

(1)

Catalyst Performance and Contaminants

1.8

(1)

Process Description

1.8

(1)

Performance

1.9

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.9

(1)

Chapter 1.2 Badger Ethylbenzene Technology

1.11

(1)

Brian Maerz

Lawrence Stein

Introduction

1.11

(1)

Feedstocks for Ethylbenzene Production

1.12

(1)

ExxonMobil EBMax Catalysts

1.14

(1)

Process Chemistry and EBMax Catalyst Performance

1.14

(1)

Process Description

1.16

(1)

Process Design Optimization

1.18

(1)

EBMax Designs Using Chemical-Grade Ethylene Feedstocks

1.18

(1)

Ethylbenzene Product Quality

1.19

(1)

Raw Materials, Utilities, and Catalyst Requirements

1.20

(1)

EBMax Plant Design

1.21

(1)

Reference

1.21

(1)

Chapter 1.3 BP Para-Xylene Process

1.23

(1)

Homok Lee

Elizabeth Tyson

Introduction

1.23

(1)

Para-Xylene Recovery in an Aromatics Complex

1.24

(1)

Development of Crystallization Process

1.25

(1)

Comparison of Crystallization to Selective Adsorption

1.27

(1)

Process Fundamentals

1.29

(1)

Process Discussion

1.30

(1)

Environmental Impact

1.33

(1)

Case Study

1.33

(1)

Bibliography

1.34

(1)

Chapter 1.4 Isomalk-3 (n-Butane Isomerization)

1.35

(1)

Ilya Aranovich

Saurav De

Introduction

1.35

(1)

Process Flow Scheme

1.36

(1)

Reverse Isomerization

1.36

(1)

Reaction Mechanism

1.38

(1)

Catalyst Regeneration

1.38

(1)

Process Variables

1.38

(1)

Isomalk-3 Catalyst Contaminants

1.39

(1)

Makeup Gas Quality

1.39

(1)

Nitrogen Quality

1.40

(1)

Advantages of SI-3 Catalyst

1.40

(1)

Isomalk-3 Reactors

1.40

(1)

Hydrocarbon Feed and Makeup Gas Dryers

1.41

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

1.41

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.42

(1)

Estimated Yields

1.42

(1)

Utility Requirements

1.42

(1)

Chapter 1.5 CrystPX(Service Mark): Modern Crystallization Technology for Para-Xylene Production

1.43

(1)

Weihua Jin

Introduction

1.43

(1)

CrystPX for High-Purity Para-Xylene Production

1.43

(1)

Process Chemistry and Thermodynamics

1.44

(1)

Detailed Process Description

1.45

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

1.47

(1)

Process Economics

1.48

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.48

(1)

Conclusion

1.48

(1)

Chapter 1.6 EB-X: A Process for Ethylbenzene Separation and Xylenes Upgrade

1.51

(1)

Sachin Joshi

Alisa Kammafoo

Introduction

1.51

(1)

Process Chemistry (Separation Enhancing of Ethylbenzene from Para-Xylene by the Solvent Function)

1.51

(1)

Process Description

1.52

(1)

Feeds and Products

1.53

(1)

Process Design

1.54

(1)

Commercial Description

1.54

(1)

Chapter 1.7 GT-BTX Plus®: Aromatics and Sulfur Extraction from FCC Gasoline

1.55

(1)

Charlie Chou

Introduction

1.55

(1)

General Process Description

1.55

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.61

(1)

Conclusion

1.64

(1)

Chapter 1.8 GT-BTX® Aromatics Extraction Process

1.65

(1)

Lucia Cretolu

Introduction

1.65

(1)

General Process Description

1.65

(1)

Process Perspective

1.68

(1)

Process Description

1.70

(1)

Key/Proprietary Equipment

1.72

(1)

Product Specifications

1.72

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

1.74

(1)

Process Economics

1.74

(1)

Chapter 1.9 GT-DWC® Applications

1.75

(1)

Manish Bhargava

Roomi Kalita

Introduction

1.75

(1)

General Information for GT-DWC

1.75

(1)

GT-DWC for Naphtha Splitter Revamp

1.85

(1)

Process Economics

1.87

(1)

GT-DWC for LPG Recovery

1.89

(1)

Feed and Product Specifications

1.91

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.92

(1)

Conclusion

1.92

(1)

Chapter 1.10 GT-HDS(Service Mark) Process for CB/C9 Pygas Components

1.93

(1)

Andrei Cimpeanu

Mircea Cretolu

Joseph C. Gentry

General Process Description

1.93

(1)

Process Chemistry and Thermodynamics

1.93

(1)

Catalyst Chemistry

1.94

(1)

Reactor Temperature

1.95

(1)

Reactor Pressure

1.95

(1)

Detailed Process Description

1.95

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

1.98

(1)

Commercial Description

1.98

(1)

Chapter 1.11 GT-TolAlk(Service Mark): Toluene Methylation to Xylenes

1.99

(1)

Zhongyi Ding

Pradeep Pawar

Introduction

1.99

(1)

Process Chemistry

1.99

(1)

Description of the Process Flow

1.100

(1)

Process Performance

1.101

(1)

Process Advantages

1.102

(1)

Equipment Considerations

1.102

(1)

Case Study

1.103

(1)

Conclusion

1.104

(1)

Bibliography

1.104

(1)

Chapter 1.12 Lummus/UOP Liquid-Phase EBone Process and Mixed-Phase CDTECH EB® Process

1.105

(1)

Kevin J. Schwint

Introduction

1.105

(1)

Process Perspective

1.106

(1)

Process Chemistry

1.106

(1)

Process Description

1.106

(1)

Economics

1.111

(1)

Summary of Process Features

1.113

(1)

Chapter 1.13 Lurgi Distapex Extractive Distillation Process

1.115

(1)

Sabine Mittelstadt

Introduction

1.115

(1)

Chemistry Overview

1.115

(1)

Specifications

1.115

(1)

Process Description

1.116

(1)

Highlights and Benefits of the Technology

1.117

(1)

Economics of the Technology

1.118

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.118

(1)

Chapter 1.14 MaxEne™ Process

1.121

(1)

Gregory Funk

Ernest Boehm

Stephen Sohn

Introduction

1.121

(1)

Description of the Honeywell UOP MaxEne Process

1.121

(1)

MaxEne Process Configurations

1.123

(1)

Case Study

1.124

(1)

MaxEne Process Specifications

1.126

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.127

(1)

References

1.127

(1)

Chapter 1.15 UOP Parex™ Process

1.129

(1)

Linda Shi Cheng

Introduction

1.129

(1)

Parex Versus Crystallization

1.129

(1)

Process Performance

1.131

(1)

Feedstock Considerations

1.132

(1)

Description of the Process Flow

1.133

(1)

Equipment Considerations

1.134

(1)

Case Study

1.135

(1)

Commercial Experience

1.135

(1)

Bibliography

1.135

(1)

Part 2: Olefins

Chapter 2.1 Lurgi Megamethanol™ Technology

2.3

(1)

Tobias Oelmann

Martin Gorny

History

2.3

(1)

Lurgi Megamethanol Technology

2.4

(1)

Process Description

2.5

(1)

Chapter 2.2 Axens On-Purpose 1-Butene and 1-Hexene Production Technologies

2.15

(1)

Vinel Daniel-Jean

Liege Xavier

Rolland Gildas

Introduction

2.15

(1)

On-Purpose Dimerization and Trimerization Chemistry

2.16

(1)

Economics

2.18

(1)

Conclusion

2.19

(1)

Chapter 2.3 BASF Selective and Full Hydrogenation Technology SELOP®

2.21

(1)

Stefan Iselborn

Introduction

2.21

(1)

History

2.21

(1)

Process Description and Reactor Designs

2.22

(1)

Process Safety and Hot Spot Prevention

2.23

(1)

Characteristics of SELOP Hydrogenation Performance

2.23

(1)

Catalysts for Hydrogenation Technologies

2.28

(1)

Chapter 2.4 Lummus Ethylene Process

2.29

(1)

Nicholas M. Kinnis

Peter Kuzma Jr

William D. Quitmeier

Introduction

2.29

(1)

Development and Commercial History

2.29

(1)

Commercial Operations

2.31

(1)

Process Chemistry

2.33

(1)

Pyrolysis Reactions

2.35

(1)

Ethylene Process Flow Schematic

2.37

(1)

Refinery and Ethylene Plant Integration

2.47

(1)

Recent Technology Advances

2.47

(1)

Economic Aspects

2.51

(1)

Chapter 2.5 Olefins Conversion Technology

2.53

(1)

Kerman N. Dukandar

Daniel Mckenzie

Introduction

2.53

(1)

Process Chemistry

2.55

(1)

Process Description

2.56

(1)

Process Advantages

2.57

(1)

OCT Commercial Applications

2.58

(1)

Flexible Reverse OCT

2.64

(1)

Conclusion

2.65

(1)

References

2.66

(1)

Chapter 2.6 Lummus Methanol to Olefins Recovery and Olefin Interconversion

2.67

(1)

Carmen A. Fornarotto

Dennis P. Maloney

Introduction

2.67

(1)

Development and Commercial History

2.67

(1)

Process Chemistry

2.68

(1)

Process Description

2.70

(1)

Process Economics

2.73

(1)

Summary of Process Features

2.74

(1)

Bibliography

2.75

(1)

Chapter 2.7 INDMAX FCC: Advanced Fluid Catalytic Cracking Technology for Producing Petrochemicals

2.77

(1)

Rama Rao Marri

Debasis Bhattacharyya

Introduction

2.77

(1)

INDMAX FCC Process Description

2.78

(1)

Bibliography

2.88

(1)

Chapter 2.8 UOP Oleflex Process for Light Olefin Production

2.89

(1)

Wolfgang Spieker

Gregory J. Nedohin

Michael Marsh

Introduction

2.89

(1)

Process Description

2.90

(1)

Process Chemistry and Contaminants

2.92

(1)

Oleflex Process Configurations and Conditions

2.93

(1)

Commercial Experience

2.95

(1)

Chapter 2.9 UOP Paco!™ Dehydrogenation Process

2.97

(1)

Stephen Sohn

Yuree Whang

Richard Zhang

Greg Boughey

Introduction

2.97

(1)

Process Description

2.98

(1)

Pacol Process Improvements

2.100

(1)

Yield Structure

2.102

(1)

Commercial Experience

2.102

(1)

Process Economics

2.103

(1)

Bibliography

2.103

(1)

Part 3: Diolefins

Chapter 3.1 BASF Butadlene Extraction Technology

3.3

(1)

Bernd Heida

Introduction

3.3

(1)

Process Description

3.3

(1)

Process Flexibility

3.5

(1)

Environment and Safety Aspects

3.6

(1)

Chapter 3.2 C5 Separation with GT-C5(Service Mark) and GT-Isoprene(Service Mark)

3.9

(1)

Venkata K. Ramanujam

Joseph Weller

Part 1: GT-05-Process for Production of Piperylene Concentrates and Dicyclopentadiene

3.9

(1)

Part 2: GT-Isoprene

3.13

(1)

Overall Product Yields and Recovery

3.15

(1)

Utilities

3.16

(1)

Investment Cost

3.16

(1)

Commercial Experience

3.16

(1)

Chapter 3.3 Light Olefins/Diolefins Production via Lummus's CATOFIN®/CATADIENE® Processes

3.17

(1)

Herminio Febres II

Dennis P. Maloney

Introduction

3.17

(1)

Process Chemistry

3.18

(1)

Process Description

3.19

(1)

Process Economics

3.23

(1)

Feedstock Consumption

3.23

(1)

Utility Consumption

3.24

(1)

Product Quality and By-Products

3.25

(1)

Catalyst and Chemicals

3.26

(1)

Environmental Emissions

3.26

(1)

Summary of Technology Features

3.27

(1)

References

3.27

(1)

Chapter 3.4 BASF Butadiene Extraction Technology (Licensed by Lummus Technology)

3.29

(1)

Thomas A. Dwyer

Christine M. Deane

Introduction

3.29

(1)

Process Perspective

3.29

(1)

Process Description

3.30

(1)

Technology Advances

3.32

(1)

Process Performance

3.33

(1)

Environmental Considerations

3.34

(1)

Summary of Process Features

3.35

(1)

Chapter 3.5 TPC/UOP OXO-DT™ Process

3.37

(1)

John Senetar

Christopher Digiulio

Jeannie Blommel

Greg Boughey

Joseph Duff

Jillian Horn

Cliff Maat

Michael Nutt

Introduction

3.37

(1)

Process Chemistry/Catalysts

3.38

(1)

Feeds

3.39

(1)

Process Flow

3.39

(1)

Economics

3.40

(1)

References

3.40

(1)

Chapter 3.6 BASF Butadiene Extraction Process Licensed by Air Liquide

3.41

(1)

Thomas Eck

Sabine Mittelstadt

Introduction

3.41

(1)

Process Description

3.41

(1)

Design Options

3.43

(1)

Economics of the Technology

3.44

(1)

Commercial Experience

3.45

(1)

Part 4: Alcohols and Monomers

Chapter 4.1 Badger Bisphenol A Technology

4.3

(1)

Kevin J. Fallon

Introduction

4.3

(1)

Uses of BPA

4.3

(1)

BPA Industry

4.4

(1)

Properties

4.5

(1)

Bisphenol A Manufacturing

4.6

(1)

Process Chemistry

4.8

(1)

Process Description of Badger BPA Process

4.11

(1)

Product Specification and Commercial Acceptance

4.12

(1)

Chapter 4.2 The DAVY Butanediol (BDO) Process from Johnson Matthey

4.15

(1)

Chris Fawcett

Introduction

4.15

(1)

Key Features

4.16

(1)

General Process Description

4.16

(1)

Detailed Process Description

4.17

(1)

Product Specifications

4.20

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

4.21

(1)

Process Economics

4.21

(1)

Chapter 4.3 The DAVY Methanol Process from Johnson Matthey

4.23

(1)

Peter Roberts

Introduction

4.23

(1)

Key Features

4.24

(1)

General Process Description

4.24

(1)

Detailed Process Description

4.25

(1)

Combined Reforming (SMR + ATR)

4.27

(1)

GHR + ATR

4.28

(1)

Coal Gasification Syngas

4.30

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

4.31

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

4.31

(1)

Process Economics

4.35

(1)

Chapter 4.4 G2PG: Glycerin to Propylene Glycol (1,2-Propanediol)-Extending Oleochemistry into Petrochemistry

4.37

(1)

Stefan Iselborn

Introduction

4.37

(1)

Chemistry, Reaction Conditions, Catalyst

4.37

(1)

Block Diagram

4.38

(1)

Hydrogenation Steps/Reactor Designs

4.38

(1)

Distillation Steps

4.39

(1)

Specific Consumption Figures

4.39

(1)

Chapter 4.5 GT-ProG(Service Mark): Glycerin to Propylene Glycol Process

4.41

(1)

Sachin Joshi

Introduction

4.41

(1)

Process Description

4.41

(1)

Process Chemistry

4.43

(1)

Process Variables

4.44

(1)

Feeds and Products

4.45

(1)

Commercial Experience

4.45

(1)

Economics

4.46

(1)

Chapter 4.6 Propylene from any Carbon-Based Feedstock-The Lurgi MTPTI, Technology from Air Liquid.

4.47

(1)

Heiko Hofmann

Martin Gorny

Introduction

4.47

(1)

Process Overview

4.47

(1)

Detailed Process Description

4.49

(1)

Reference Plants

4.53

(1)

Process Economics of an Integrated MTP Plant

4.54

(1)

References

4.55

(1)

Chapter 4.7 UOP Phenol 3G Process

4.57

(1)

Eseoghene Jeroro

Robert J. Schmidt

Introduction

4.57

(1)

Cumene Production

4.57

(1)

Phenol Production

4.58

(1)

Phenol 3G Cumene Peroxidation Route to Phenol Production

4.59

(1)

Overall Process Description/Chemistry

4.59

(1)

Process Flow and Recent Technology Advances

4.60

(1)

Phenol Process Safety

4.70

(1)

Conclusion

4.71

(1)

References

4.71

(1)

Chapter 4.8 Versalis/Lummus Cumene and Phenol Technology

4.73

(1)

Tahir Khan

Sanjeev Ram

Introduction

4.73

(1)

Overview

4.73

(1)

Cumene Technology

4.74

(1)

Process Description

4.74

(1)

Raw Material and Energy Consumption

4.76

(1)

Waste Effluents

4.76

(1)

Process Advantages

4.77

(1)

Phenol Technology

4.77

(1)

Process Description

4.78

(1)

Raw Material and Energy Consumption

4.81

(1)

Waste Effluents

4.81

(1)

Safety Considerations

4.82

(1)

Process Advantages

4.83

(1)

Part 5: Acid, Ester, and Aromatic Monomers

Chapter 5.1 Badger Styrene Technology

5.3

(1)

Grant Donahoe

Douglas Hubbell

Introduction

5.3

(1)

Styrene Industry

5.3

(1)

Uses of Styrene Monomer

5.4

(1)

Properties

5.4

(1)

Styrene Manufacturing

5.5

(1)

Process Chemistry

5.6

(1)

Process Description

5.8

(1)

Product Specification

5.11

(1)

Operating Economics

5.12

(1)

Direct Heating Technology

5.12

(1)

Chapter 5.2 GT-Styrene®: Recovering Styrene by Extractive Distillation

5.15

(1)

Andrei Cimpeanu

Mircea Cretolu

Joseph C. Gentry

General Process Description

5.15

(1)

Process Chemistry and Thermodynamics

5.16

(1)

Catalyst Chemistry

5.17

(1)

Reactor Temperature

5.17

(1)

Reactor Pressure

5.17

(1)

Vapor-Liquid Equilibria

5.17

(1)

Detailed Process Description

5.18

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

5.22

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

5.23

(1)

Commercial Description

5.23

(1)

Chapter 5.3 Lummus/UOP "Classic" Styrene Technology and Lummus/UOP SMART(Service Mark) Styrene Technology

5.25

(1)

Kevin J. Schwint

Introduction

5.25

(1)

Process Perspective

5.25

(1)

Process Chemistry

5.27

(1)

Process Description

5.28

(1)

Economics

5.31

(1)

Summary of Process Features

5.32

(1)

Chapter 5.4 Lurgi/Nlppon Kayaku Acrylic Acid Process

5.33

(1)

Sabine Mittelstadt

Peter Trabold

Thomas Gutermuth

Introduction

5.33

(1)

Chemistry Overview and Product Specification

5.33

(1)

Process Description

5.34

(1)

Highlights and Benefits of the Technology

5.37

(1)

Economics of the Technology

5.37

(1)

Commercial Experience

5.38

(1)

Chapter 5.5 SYNTHOMER/Lurgi Acrylate Processes

5.39

(1)

Sabine Mittelstadt

Peter Trabold

Thomas Gutermuth

Introduction

5.39

(1)

Chemistry Overview and Product Specification

5.39

(1)

Process Description

5.41

(1)

Highlights and Benefits of the Technology

5.45

(1)

Economics of the Technology

5.45

(1)

Commercial Experience

5.46

(1)

Chapter 5.6 Versalis Dimethyl Carbonate and Diphenyl Carbonate Production Technologies Licensed by Lummus Technology

5.47

(1)

Betty Vazquez

Sanjeev Ram

Introduction

5.47

(1)

Process Chemistry

5.48

(1)

Process Description

5.48

(1)

Feedstock Specifications and Consumption

5.50

(1)

Product Quality

5.52

(1)

Utility Consumption

5.53

(1)

Summary of Technology Features

5.53

(1)

Reference

5.54

(1)

Part 6: Vinyl Chloride Monomers

Chapter 6.1 The DAVY Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM) Process from Johnson Matthey

6.3

(1)

Joost Smit

Sebastiaan Van Haandel

Introduction

6.3

(1)

Key Features

6.4

(1)

General Process Description

6.4

(1)

Process Chemistry and Thermodynamics

6.4

(1)

Process Perspective

6.4

(1)

Detailed Process Description

6.5

(1)

Feed Preparation

6.5

(1)

Main Reactor Section

6.5

(1)

VCM Compression

6.6

(1)

Distillation

6.6

(1)

Recycle Reactor Section

6.6

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

6.6

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

6.7

(1)

Process Economics

6.7

(1)

Reference

6.7

(1)

Part 7: Polymers

Chapter 7.1 Borstar LLDPE, MDPE, and HDPE Technology

7.3

(1)

Erno Elovainio

Antti Harkonen

Tarja Korvenoja

Jari Aarila

Introduction

7.3

(1)

Features of Borstar PE Process Technology

7.3

(1)

Process Description

7.5

(1)

Advanced Process Control

7.9

(1)

Capacities and Locations of Borstar PE Plants

7.11

(1)

Borstar PE Products

7.12

(1)

High Alpha Olefin Terpolymer Film

7.14

(1)

Pipe

7.15

(1)

Steel Pipe Coating

7.17

(1)

Environment

7.18

(1)

Process Economics

7.18

(1)

Chapter 7.2 Borstar Polypropylene Technology

7.21

(1)

Kauno Alastalo

Antti Harkonen

Tarja Korvenoja

Klaus Nyfors

Introduction

7.21

(1)

Features of Borstar PP Process Technology

7.23

(1)

Process Description

7.24

(1)

Advanced Process Control

7.28

(1)

Capacities and Locations of Borstar PP Plants

7.30

(1)

Products

7.30

(1)

Heterophasic Copolymers and rTPOs

7.33

(1)

Homopolymers

7.34

(1)

Random Copolymers

7.36

(1)

Environment

7.37

(1)

Liquid Effluents

7.37

(1)

Process Economics

7.37

(1)

Chapter 7.3 McDermott's Lummus Novolen® Technology Gas-Phase Polypropylene Process

7.39

(1)

Oliver Ruhl

Volker Jorres

Introduction

7.39

(1)

Licensed Plants

7.40

(1)

Technology Delivery

7.40

(1)

Process Description

7.40

(1)

Catalyst

7.46

(1)

Products and Applications

7.46

(1)

Process Economics

7.51

(1)

Safety

7.51

(1)

Chapter 7.4 NOVA Chemicals SCLAIRTECH™ LLDPE/HDPE Swing Technology

7.53

(1)

Keith Wiseman

Introduction

7.53

(1)

Chemistry and Catalysis

7.54

(1)

Process Overview

7.56

(1)

Advantages of the SCLAIRTECH Technology Platform

7.58

(1)

Economics

7.61

(1)

Product Capability

7.61

(1)

Commercial Installations

7.64

(1)

Summary

7.64

(1)

Acknowledgments

7.65

(1)

Chapter 7.5 TechnipFMC/Total Polystyrene Technology

7.67

(1)

Vincent Welch

Introduction

7.67

(1)

Process Chemistry

7,68

(1)

Process Description

7.69

(1)

Key Features

7.71

(1)

Projects and Licensees

7.72

(1)

Feedstock Specifications

7.72

(1)

Licensed Product Grades

7.72

(1)

Plant Performance

7.74

(1)

Chapter 7.6 TechnipFMC/SABIC Mass and Emulsion ABS Technology

7.75

(1)

Vincent Welch

Introduction

7.75

(1)

Polymerization

7.77

(1)

Emulsion Process Description

7.78

(1)

Typical Emissions Summary

7.80

(1)

Mass Process Description

7.80

(1)

Feed Specifications

7.82

(1)

Products and Applications

7.83

(1)

Process Economics

7.86

(1)

Experience and Licensees

7.86

(1)

Chapter 7.7 UNIPOL® Polypropylene Process Technology

7.87

(1)

Barry R. Engle

General UNIPOL PP Process Description

7.87

(1)

Process Chemistry

7.90

(1)

Process Perspective

7.91

(1)

Products and By-Products

7.94

(1)

UNIPOL PP Product Attributes Summary

7.95

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

7.97

(1)

Process Economics

7.97

(1)

Chapter 7.8 UOP Sinco Solid-State Polymerization Process

7.99

(1)

Jan De Ren

Raymond Shih

Introduction

7.99

(1)

Melt-Phase Polymerization

7.101

(1)

SSP Process Chemistry

7.102

(1)

Crystallization of PET

7.104

(1)

Sticking Tendency of PET

7.106

(1)

Detailed Process Description

7.106

(1)

Reactions of the Catalytic Nitrogen Purification System

7.109

(1)

Oxidation of PET

7.110

(1)

Process Variables

7.110

(1)

Feed Properties

7.111

(1)

Product Properties

7.112

(1)

Product Yield

7.112

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

7.112

(1)

Utilities

7.112

(1)

Equipment Considerations

7.112

(1)

Commercial Experience

7.114

(1)

Bibliography

7.114

(1)

Chapter 7.9 Sabic High-Pressure Process for LOPE-CTR™ Technology

7.115

(1)

Jan Duchateau

Diego Castaneda-Zuniga

Peter Neuteboom

Carolina Toloza

Jacques Tacx

Andrew Reynolds

Cedric Allemand

Historical Background

7.115

(1)

Process Chemistry

7.115

(1)

Detailed Process Description and Thermodynamics

7.120

(1)

Product Specifications

7.122

(1)

Process Perspective

7.123

(1)

Process Economics

7.124

(1)

References

7.124

(1)

Part 8: Methylamines, Formaldehyde, and Dimethyl Ether

Chapter 8.1 The DAVY Dimethyl Ether (DME) Process from Johnson Matthey

8.3

(1)

Peter Roberts

Introduction

8.3

(1)

General Process Description

8.3

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

8.4

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

8.5

(1)

Process Economics

8.5

(1)

Chapter 8.2 The DAVY Methylamines Process from Johnson Matthey

8.7

(1)

Atul Shah

Introduction

8.7

(1)

Key Features

8.8

(1)

General Process Description

8.8

(1)

Process Chemistry and Thermodynamics

8.9

(1)

Process Perspective

8.10

(1)

Detailed Process Description

8.10

(1)

Product and By-Product Specifications

8.12

(1)

Wastes and Emissions

8.12

(1)

Process Economics

8.13

(1)

References

8.13

(1)

Chapter 8.3 The FORMOX Formaldehyde Process from Johnson Matthey

8.15

Andreas Magnusson

Introduction

8.15

(1)

General Process Description

8.15

(1)

Reaction

8.17

(1)

Performance, Product, and By-Product Specification for the FORMOX Process

8.17

(1)

Formalin

8.18

(1)

UFC85

8.18

(1)

Raw Materials

8.18

(1)

Absorption

8.18

(1)

Waste and Emissions

8.18

(1)

UFC

8.19

(1)

An Integrated UFC Process

8.19

(1)

Operation Criteria and Plant Capacities

8.19

(1)

Process Economics

8.19

Glossary and Abbreviations

G.1

Index

I.1

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