| Acknowledgements |
|
xvii | |
| Foreword |
|
xix | |
| Preface |
|
xxi | |
| Table of cases |
|
xxiii | |
| Table of legislation |
|
xliii | |
| Table of other authorities |
|
lix | |
| Part I Substantive Maritime Law |
|
|
Chapter 1 Introduction To Chinese Maritime Law |
|
|
3 | (4) |
|
|
|
3 | (2) |
|
Chinese maritime courts and practice |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
Inconsistency in adjudication and guiding cases |
|
|
5 | (2) |
|
|
|
7 | (15) |
|
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
|
8 | (3) |
|
|
|
11 | (4) |
|
Registration of ownership of ships |
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
Amendment and cancellation of registration |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
|
|
13 | (2) |
|
|
|
15 | (4) |
|
Establishment of ship mortgage |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Registration of ship mortgage |
|
|
17 | (2) |
|
Registration of bareboat charter |
|
|
19 | (3) |
|
Chapter 3 Master And Seamen |
|
|
22 | (9) |
|
|
|
22 | (3) |
|
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
Registration and qualifications of seamen |
|
|
26 | (2) |
|
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Guarantee of profession for seamen |
|
|
28 | (2) |
|
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
Maritime Labour Convention 2006 |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
|
31 | (19) |
|
|
|
32 | (6) |
|
|
|
33 | (2) |
|
|
|
35 | (3) |
|
|
|
38 | (5) |
|
Delivery and redelivery of ship |
|
|
39 | (2) |
|
Shipowner's rights and obligations |
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
Charterer's rights and obligations |
|
|
42 | (1) |
|
|
|
43 | (7) |
|
Delivery and redelivery of ship |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
Shipowner's rights and obligations |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
Charterer's rights and obligations |
|
|
45 | (3) |
|
|
|
48 | (2) |
|
Chapter 5 Bill Of Lading: Functions |
|
|
50 | (16) |
|
|
|
50 | (2) |
|
|
|
52 | (4) |
|
|
|
56 | (3) |
|
Bill of lading and property right |
|
|
59 | (2) |
|
Delivery of goods without bill of lading |
|
|
61 | (2) |
|
|
|
63 | (3) |
|
Chapter 6 Bill Of Lading: Parties |
|
|
66 | (12) |
|
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
|
67 | (2) |
|
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
Right of control of the shipper |
|
|
71 | (2) |
|
Consignee and bill of lading holder |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
Incorporation of charterparty into bill of lading |
|
|
74 | (4) |
|
Incorporation of law and arbitration clause |
|
|
75 | (2) |
|
Incorporation of time charters |
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
Chapter 7 Bill Of Lading: Obligations, Liabilities And Limitation |
|
|
78 | (15) |
|
|
|
78 | (2) |
|
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
Liabilities, exemptions and limitation of liability of carrier |
|
|
80 | (6) |
|
Liability for loss, damage and delay |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
Liability for live animal and deck cargo |
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
|
|
81 | (2) |
|
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
Loss of liability limitation |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
|
|
86 | (4) |
|
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
|
|
88 | (2) |
|
Obligations and liabilities of shipper |
|
|
90 | (3) |
|
Information and formalities |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
Chapter 8 Freight Forwarding And Multimodal Transport |
|
|
93 | (14) |
|
|
|
93 | (8) |
|
Freight forwarding services |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Disputes over ocean freight forwarder |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
Freight forwarding contract |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
Freight forwarder as carrier |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Delivery of shipping documents |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Obligations and liability |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
Non-vessel-operating services and NVOCC |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Freight forwarder or NVOCC? |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
|
103 | (4) |
|
Multimodal transport in the CMC 1992 |
|
|
103 | (2) |
|
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Chapter 9 Carriage Of Passengers By Sea |
|
|
107 | (9) |
|
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
Carrier and the actual carrier |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
|
|
111 | (2) |
|
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Notice for damage to luggage |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Limitation of liability of carrier |
|
|
113 | (3) |
|
Limitation of liability for coastal carriage |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Loss of limitation of liability |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Chapter 10 Sea Towage Contracts |
|
|
116 | (5) |
|
Third parties to sea towage contracts |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
Seaworthiness of tug and tow |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Force majeure in sea towage contract |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
Liabilities and immunities |
|
|
119 | (2) |
|
Chapter 11 Collision Of Ships |
|
|
121 | (13) |
|
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
|
|
122 | (4) |
|
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
|
|
123 | (2) |
|
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
|
|
126 | (3) |
|
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
Compensation for damage to property |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
Compensation for personal injury |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
Burden of proof and evidence |
|
|
130 | (4) |
|
Chapter 12 Salvage At Sea |
|
|
134 | (11) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
Salvage contract and performance |
|
|
135 | (4) |
|
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Annulment and modification of contracts |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
139 | (4) |
|
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
Salved value and apportionment |
|
|
140 | (2) |
|
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
No entitlement of remuneration |
|
|
142 | (1) |
|
Apportionment between salvors |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
|
143 | (2) |
|
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
Auction sale of salved ship and property |
|
|
143 | (1) |
|
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Publication of arbitral awards |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Chapter 13 General Average |
|
|
145 | (6) |
|
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
|
|
146 | (1) |
|
The amount of sacrifice and contribution |
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
General average adjustment |
|
|
148 | (3) |
|
Chapter 14 Limitation Of Liability For Maritime Claims |
|
|
151 | (9) |
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
|
|
151 | (1) |
|
Persons entitled to limit liability |
|
|
152 | (1) |
|
|
|
152 | (3) |
|
Claims subject to limitation |
|
|
152 | (2) |
|
Claims excepted from limitation |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
|
|
155 | (3) |
|
|
|
155 | (1) |
|
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
The limits for passenger claims |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
Loss of limitation of liability |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
Chapter 15 Marine Insurance |
|
|
160 | (22) |
|
Marine insurance contract |
|
|
161 | (5) |
|
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
Insurable value and insured amount |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
Assignment of insurance contract |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
Termination of insurance contract |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
Interpretation of contract clauses |
|
|
166 | (4) |
|
|
|
166 | (1) |
|
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
|
|
168 | (2) |
|
|
|
170 | (2) |
|
Disclosure of material circumstances |
|
|
172 | (2) |
|
Warranties of the assured |
|
|
174 | (1) |
|
|
|
175 | (1) |
|
|
|
176 | (3) |
|
|
|
176 | (1) |
|
|
|
177 | (1) |
|
|
|
178 | (1) |
|
|
|
179 | (3) |
|
Chapter 16 Marine Pollution |
|
|
182 | (13) |
|
|
|
182 | (1) |
|
Concepts and applications |
|
|
183 | (2) |
|
|
|
183 | (1) |
|
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
|
|
185 | (2) |
|
|
|
185 | (1) |
|
|
|
185 | (2) |
|
|
|
187 | (3) |
|
Liability under the conventions |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
Joint and several liabilities |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
Liability not under the conventions |
|
|
189 | (1) |
|
Evidence and burden of proof |
|
|
190 | (1) |
|
|
|
190 | (2) |
|
Insurance and financial guarantee |
|
|
192 | (3) |
|
Chapter 17 Applicable Law And Time Limits |
|
|
195 | (20) |
|
|
|
195 | (3) |
|
Party autonomy and closest connection |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
|
|
196 | (1) |
|
International law and public policy |
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
Time limits for maritime claims |
|
|
198 | (17) |
|
Time limits for carriage of goods claims |
|
|
198 | (7) |
|
Time limits for carriage of passengers' claims |
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
Time limits for marine insurance claims |
|
|
206 | (1) |
|
Time limits for other claims |
|
|
207 | (1) |
|
Suspension and discontinuation |
|
|
208 | (7) |
| Part II Maritime Procedure Law |
|
|
Chapter 18 Introduction To Chinese Maritime Procedure Law And The Chinese Maritime Court System |
|
|
215 | (14) |
|
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
The developments of the Chinese maritime courts system |
|
|
215 | (1) |
|
The development of Chinese maritime procedural law |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
A brief review of the Special Maritime Procedure Law |
|
|
217 | (9) |
|
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
|
|
217 | (1) |
|
Preservation of maritime claims |
|
|
218 | (1) |
|
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
Arrest of ships and sister ships |
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
|
|
219 | (1) |
|
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
|
|
220 | (1) |
|
Attachment and auction of cargo carried by ships |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
Preservation of maritime evidence |
|
|
221 | (1) |
|
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
|
|
222 | (1) |
|
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
Trial of ship collision cases |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
Trial of general average cases |
|
|
223 | (1) |
|
Exercising rights of subrogation by marine insurers |
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
Limitation fund for maritime claims |
|
|
224 | (1) |
|
Procedure of registration and repayment of debt |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
Procedure for exigence of maritime liens |
|
|
225 | (1) |
|
Other sources of law for maritime actions |
|
|
226 | (1) |
|
|
|
227 | (2) |
|
Chapter 19 Maritime Jurisdictions |
|
|
229 | (17) |
|
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
Jurisdiction of maritime courts |
|
|
230 | (7) |
|
Maritime territorial jurisdiction |
|
|
237 | (5) |
|
Hierarchical jurisdiction |
|
|
242 | (1) |
|
Agreed jurisdiction and exclusive jurisdiction |
|
|
242 | (2) |
|
Disputes about maritime jurisdiction |
|
|
244 | (2) |
|
Chapter 20 Preservation Of Maritime Claims |
|
|
246 | (16) |
|
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
Procedures and requirements for applying preservation of maritime claims |
|
|
246 | (5) |
|
|
|
246 | (1) |
|
|
|
247 | (1) |
|
|
|
247 | (1) |
|
|
|
248 | (1) |
|
Order of preservation and discharge of the preservation |
|
|
248 | (2) |
|
Liability for wrongful application |
|
|
250 | (1) |
|
|
|
251 | (3) |
|
General introduction to ship arrest |
|
|
251 | (1) |
|
"Fixed arrest" and "live arrest" |
|
|
251 | (1) |
|
Conditions for ship arrest |
|
|
252 | (2) |
|
Re-arrest and multiple arrest |
|
|
254 | (1) |
|
Compulsory auction of ship |
|
|
254 | (6) |
|
Conditions for compulsory auction of ships |
|
|
255 | (1) |
|
Procedure of compulsory auction of ships |
|
|
256 | (4) |
|
Attachment of cargo on board the ship |
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
Compulsory auction of cargoes |
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
Chapter 21 Maritime Injunction |
|
|
262 | (7) |
|
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
The general nature of the remedy |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
Application for a maritime injunction |
|
|
263 | (2) |
|
Before or during the arbitration/litigation |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
Conditions for granting a maritime injunction |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
Review and issue of a maritime injunction order |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
Reconsideration and objection |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
Maritime injunctions wrongfully obtained |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
Comparison with a Mareva injunction |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
Chapter 22 Preservation Of Maritime Evidence |
|
|
269 | (9) |
|
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
The general nature of the remedy |
|
|
269 | (2) |
|
Application for preservation of maritime evidence |
|
|
271 | (2) |
|
Before or during the arbitration/litigation |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
Conditions for obtaining an order to preserve maritime evidence |
|
|
273 | (3) |
|
Qualifications of subject - a claimant is a party concerned of a maritime claim |
|
|
273 | (1) |
|
Standards of evidence - evidence to be preserved on claims must have evidential effect on a maritime claim |
|
|
274 | (1) |
|
Requirements for targets - a person against whom the claim is made is relevant to the evidence to be preserved on claims |
|
|
274 | (1) |
|
Applicable situations - an urgent situation where no immediate steps to preserve evidence taken will lead to the loss of evidence or difficulty in obtaining evidence |
|
|
275 | (1) |
|
Review and issue an order to preserve the evidence |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
Reconsideration and objection |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
Wrongfully obtained order for preservation of maritime evidence |
|
|
277 | (1) |
|
Chapter 23 Maritime Security |
|
|
278 | (14) |
|
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
Security put up by a defendant in proceedings involving a maritime claim |
|
|
279 | (7) |
|
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
Claimant's liability for requirement of an excessive amount of security |
|
|
279 | (2) |
|
Reduction, alteration and cancellation of security |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
Claimant's liability for wrongful request of security |
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
|
|
282 | (3) |
|
|
|
285 | (1) |
|
Counter security put up by claimant |
|
|
286 | (6) |
|
Counter security in ship arrest |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Amount of counter security |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
Alteration and reduction of counter security |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
Return of counter security |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
Counter security in the proceedings of the attachment of other types of property |
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
Counter security in the proceedings of maritime injunctions and the preservation of maritime evidence |
|
|
289 | (1) |
|
Counter security in applications for the preservation of evidence |
|
|
290 | (1) |
|
Security involved in the constitution of a limitation fund and advanced payment prior to judgment |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
Chapter 24 Procedures For Trial, Constitution Of Limitation Fund For Maritime Claim, Recognition And Payment Of Debts, Exigence Of Maritime Lien |
|
|
292 | (22) |
|
|
|
292 | (1) |
|
|
|
292 | (4) |
|
The first instance trial procedure |
|
|
292 | (3) |
|
The second instance trial procedure |
|
|
295 | (1) |
|
Special rules on the trial of the collision of ships |
|
|
296 | (4) |
|
The collision of ships that is governed by the Chinese Maritime Code (the "CMC") and the SMPL |
|
|
296 | (1) |
|
Investigation form for maritime accident |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
Completion of production of factual evidence |
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
The investigation materials by the Maritime Safety Administration |
|
|
298 | (1) |
|
Requirement of inspection of a ship and appraisal of a ship's value |
|
|
299 | (1) |
|
The time period of the trial of collision of ships |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
Special rules on the trial of general average |
|
|
300 | (2) |
|
Jurisdiction of general average cases |
|
|
300 | (1) |
|
General average adjustment report |
|
|
300 | (2) |
|
Claim for non-general average losses |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
Special rules on the trial of marine insurer's subrogation claim |
|
|
302 | (2) |
|
Summary procedure, procedure for urging payment of debt and procedure for public notice of exigence of claim |
|
|
304 | (3) |
|
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
Procedure for urging payment of debt |
|
|
305 | (1) |
|
Procedure for public notice of exigency of claim |
|
|
306 | (1) |
|
Procedure for constitution of liability limitation fund for maritime claims |
|
|
307 | (4) |
|
Parties who can apply for constitution of limitation fund |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Jurisdiction of the maritime court |
|
|
307 | (1) |
|
Application for constitution of limitation fund and examination of application by court |
|
|
308 | (1) |
|
Constitution of the limitation fund |
|
|
309 | (1) |
|
Court's dealing with property preservation |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
Registration of claims and distribution of limitation fund among creditors |
|
|
310 | (1) |
|
Procedure for the registration of claims in auction of a ship and distribution of the proceeds from the auction |
|
|
311 | (2) |
|
Procedure for exigence of maritime lien |
|
|
313 | (1) |
|
Chapter 25 Conflict Of Laws |
|
|
314 | (16) |
|
|
|
314 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (3) |
|
Supremacy of the international treaty |
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
|
|
315 | (1) |
|
Ascertainment of foreign law |
|
|
316 | (1) |
|
Reservation of public order and the application of mandatory provisions |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
Nature of disputes and application of laws |
|
|
318 | (9) |
|
|
|
318 | (3) |
|
|
|
321 | (1) |
|
|
|
322 | (1) |
|
|
|
323 | (1) |
|
|
|
324 | (1) |
|
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
Limitation of liability for maritime claims |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
Jurisdiction of Chinese court in foreign-related disputes |
|
|
327 | (3) |
|
Chapter 26 Maritime Arbitration, Conciliation And Recognition And Enforcement Of Foreign Arbitration Awards And Foreign Judgments |
|
|
330 | (25) |
|
|
|
330 | (1) |
|
Review of the Arbitration Law of People's Republic of China (the "Arbitration Law") |
|
|
331 | (7) |
|
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
The Arbitration Law and its judicial interpretation |
|
|
331 | (1) |
|
Valid arbitration agreement |
|
|
331 | (3) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
Arbitrators and arbitration tribunal |
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
|
|
335 | (2) |
|
Enforcement and setting aside of domestic arbitration award |
|
|
337 | (1) |
|
Maritime arbitration and the CMAC |
|
|
338 | (5) |
|
The CMAC and the arbitration rules of CMAC |
|
|
338 | (2) |
|
A special issue for maritime arbitration - the validity of an arbitration clause in the bill of lading |
|
|
340 | (3) |
|
|
|
343 | (3) |
|
|
|
343 | (1) |
|
Conciliation in arbitration |
|
|
344 | (1) |
|
Conciliation by government |
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
Recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitration award |
|
|
346 | (3) |
|
Procedures for recognition and enforcement of foreign maritime arbitral awards in China |
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Reasons for refusing the recognition and enforcement of foreign arbitral awards |
|
|
347 | (2) |
|
Recognition and enforcement of Hong Kong arbitration awards |
|
|
349 | (1) |
|
Recognition and enforcement of Taiwan arbitration awards |
|
|
349 | (2) |
|
Recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in China |
|
|
351 | (2) |
|
|
|
351 | (1) |
|
Basis on which the application can be approved |
|
|
352 | (1) |
|
Enforcement of court judgments of Hong Kong, Macau and Taiwan |
|
|
353 | (2) |
| Annex I Maritime Code Of The People's Republic Of China |
|
355 | (73) |
| Annex II Special Maritime Procedure Law Of The People's Republic Of China |
|
428 | (31) |
| Index |
|
459 | |
Lisainfo e-raamatute kohta