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E-raamat: Philosophy of Statistics

Series edited by (Augustus De Morgan Professor Emeritus of Logic at the Group of Logic, Language and Computation, Department of Computer Science, King's College London.), Volume editor , Series edited by (University of Waterloo, Canada), Volume editor , Series edited by (University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Cana)
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Statisticians and philosophers of science have many common interests but restricted communication with each other. This volume aims to remedy these shortcomings. It provides state-of-the-art research in the area of Philosophy of Statistics by encouraging numerous experts to communicate with one another without feeling “restricted? by their disciplines or thinking “piecemeal? in their treatment of issues.
A second goal of this book is to present work in the field without bias toward any particular statistical paradigm.
Broadly speaking, the essays in this Handbook are concerned with problems of induction, statistics and probability. For centuries, foundational problems like induction have been among philosophers’ favorite topics; recently, however, non-philosophers have increasingly taken a keen interest in these issues. This volume accordingly contains papers by both philosophers and non-philosophers, including scholars from nine academic disciplines.
  • Provides a bridge between philosophy and current scientific findings
  • Covers theory and applications
  • Encourages multi-disciplinary dialogue


General Preface vii
Dov Gabbay
Paul Thagard
John Woods
Preface ix
Prasanta S. Bandyopadhyay
Malcolm R. Forster
List of Contributors
xiii
Introduction
Philosophy of Statistics: An Introduction
1(52)
Prasanta S. Bandyopadhyay
Malcolm R. Forster
Part I Probability & Statistics
Elementary Probability and Statistics: A Primer
53(46)
Prasanta S. Bandyopadhyay
Steve Cherry
Part II Philosophical Controversies about Conditional Probability
Conditional Probability
99(38)
Alan Hajek
The Varieties of Conditional Probability
137(16)
Kenny Easwaran
Part III Four Paradigms of Statistics
Classical Statistics Paradigm
Error Statistics
153(46)
Deborah G. Mayo
Aris Spanos
Significance Testing
199(34)
Michael Dickson
Davis Baird
Bayesian Paradigm
The Bayesian Decision-Theoretic Approach to Statistics
233(30)
Paul Weirich
Modern Bayesian Inference: Foundations and Objective Methods
263(44)
Jose M. Bernardo
Evidential Probability and Objective Bayesian Epistemology
307(26)
Gregory Wheeler
Jon Williamson
Confirmation Theory
333(58)
James Hawthorne
Challenges to Bayesian Confirmation Theory
391(50)
John D. Norton
Bayesianism as a Pure Logic of Inference
441(32)
Colin Howson
Bayesian Inductive Logic, Verisimilitude, and Statistics
473(20)
Roberto Festa
Likelihood Paradigm
Likelihood and its Evidential Framework
493(20)
Jeffrey D. Blume
Evidence, Evidence Functions, and Error Probabilities
513(22)
Mark L. Taper
Subhash R. Lele
Akaikean Paradigm
AIC Scores as Evidence --- a Bayesian Interpretation
535(18)
Malcolm Forster
Elliott Sober
Part IV The Likelihood Principle
The Likelihood Principle
553(30)
Jason Grossman
Part V Recent Advances in Model Selection
AIC, BIC and Recent Advances in Model Selection
583(24)
Arijit Chakrabarti
Jayanta K. Ghosh
Posterior Model Probabilities
607(26)
A. Philip Dawid
Part VI Attempts to Understand Different Aspects of "Randomness"
Defining Randomness
633(8)
Deborah Bennett
Mathematical Foundations of Randomness
641(72)
Abhijit Dasgupta
Part VII Probabilistic and Statistical Paradoxes
Paradoxes of Probability
713(24)
Susan Vineberg
Statistical Paradoxes: Take It to The Limit
737(14)
C. Andy Tsao
Part VIII Statistics and Inductive Inference
Statistics as Inductive Inference
751(26)
Jan-Willem Romeijn
Part IX Various Issues about Causal Inference
Common Cause in Causal Inference
777(36)
Peter Spirtes
The Logic and Philosophy of Causal Inference: A Statistical Perspective
813(20)
Sander Greenland
Part X Some Philosophical Issues Concerning Statistical Learning Theory
Statistical Learning Theory as a Framework for the Philosophy of Induction
833(16)
Gilbert Harman
Sanjeev Kulkarni
Testability and Statistical Learning Theory
849(16)
Daniel Steel
Part XI Different Approaches to Simplicity Related to Inference and Truth
Luckiness and Regret in Minimum Description Length Inference
865(36)
Steven de Rooij
Peter D. Grunwald
MML, Hybrid Bayesian Network Graphical Models, Statistical Consistency, Invariance and Uniqueness
901(82)
David L. Dowe
Simplicity, Truth and Probability
983(44)
Kevin T. Kelly
Part XII Special Problems in Statistics/Computer Science
Normal Approximations
1027(46)
Robert J. Boik
Stein's Phenomenon
1073(26)
Richard Charnigo
Cidambi Srinivasan
Data, Data, Everywhere: Statistical Issues in Data Mining
1099(22)
Choh Man Teng
Part XIII An Application of Statistics to Climate Change
An Application of Statistics in Climate Change: Detection of Nonlinear Changes in a Streamflow Timing Measure in the Columbia and Missouri Headwaters
1121(28)
Mark C. Greenwood
Joel Harper
Johnnie Moore
Part XIV Historical Approaches to Probability/Statistics
The Subjective and the Objective
1149(26)
Sandy L. Zabell
Probability in Ancient India
1175(22)
C. K. Raju
Index 1197
Dov M. Gabbay is Augustus De Morgan Professor Emeritus of Logic at the Group of Logic, Language and Computation, Department of Computer Science, King's College London. He has authored over four hundred and fifty research papers and over thirty research monographs. He is editor of several international Journals, and many reference works and Handbooks of Logic.