Image Formation: Fundamentals of Digital Mammography. Contrast-Enhanced Digital Mammography. Stereo Mammography. Breast Tomosynthesis. Breast CT. Comparison of Advanced X-Ray Modalities. Image Interpretation: Breast Cancer Detection and Diagnosis. Image-Guided Procedures and Surgical Planning. Displays for Breast Imaging. Perception of Mammographic Images. Image Analysis and Modeling: Physical Breast Phantoms. Digital Phantoms for Breast Imaging. Observer Models for Breast Imaging. Current Status of Computer-Aided Detection of Breast Cancer. Complementary Approaches: Breast Ultrasound. Breast MRI. Nuclear Medicine Imaging of the Breast: History, Clinical Application and Integration, and Future. Future Directions: Breast Elasticity Imaging. Electrical Impedance Imaging and Spectroscopy of the Breast. Optical Imaging of the Breast. Outlook for Computer-Based Decision Support in Breast Cancer Care.