Preface |
|
xix | |
Chapter 1 What Is Science and How Is Science Done? |
|
1 | (56) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Discovery And Development Of Drugs |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Women In Drug Testing |
|
|
4 | (2) |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Children In Drug Testing |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Bribing Docs By Pharma |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Unfair Pricing |
|
|
8 | (2) |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: DTC Advertising |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case Study: Drugs Approved Despite A Likelihood To Be Abused |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Orphan Drug Status |
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Accelerated Approval |
|
|
13 | (2) |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
|
14 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Drugs Prescribed For Different Use |
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Mining Literature For Previous Work |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Mining Literature For Previous Work And Getting Different Results |
|
|
16 | (2) |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Data Management |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Creating Vs. Finding A Correlation |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Serendipity In Science |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Experimental Design |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Order From Chaos |
|
|
22 | (2) |
|
|
23 | (1) |
|
|
23 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Combinatorial Chemistry |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Beginning Researchers |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Beginning Researcher Allowed To "Fail" |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Storage Of Waste Of Some Kind, Filled With Hard To Understand Jargon |
|
|
27 | (2) |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: When To Go Public |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Public Report Of Science By A Non-Scientist |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Dumb Politician |
|
|
31 | (2) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Science-Smart Politician |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
What Is Science And The Public's Obligations To Each Other And How Do We Fulfill This Obligation? |
|
|
34 | (5) |
|
Avoiding Release of Research Materials |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
To Engage in Responsible Research |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
To Be Completely Truthful |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
Science Must Be Vetted by Other Experts Before its Release to the Public |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Correlation Vs. Causation |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Publishing Too Soon |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Publishing Too Soon V.2 |
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
|
42 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Data Management 2- Loss Of Original Data |
|
|
42 | (1) |
|
|
42 | (1) |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Non-Competitor Agreements |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Fast-Track |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Breakthrough Therapy |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Patenting F Genes |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: The Laboratory Notebook |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Data Backing Up |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Sloppy Data Collection Into Notebook |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: What To Do When Model Systems Fail |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: New Research Proves Old Research Wrong |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
|
52 | (1) |
|
|
52 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Dividing Of Work Between Coworkers |
|
|
52 | (2) |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
|
53 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Keeping Ideas For Yourself |
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Trade Secrets |
|
|
55 | (2) |
|
|
55 | (1) |
|
|
55 | (2) |
Chapter 2 Human Subjects |
|
57 | (12) |
|
What Are The Rules For Human Subjects Research? |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (3) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Prisoners In Testing |
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Human Subjects Testing A Drug |
|
|
61 | (2) |
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Psychological Study Using Human Subjects |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Manipulation Of Human Subjects To Stay |
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Human Subjects Unneeded Suffering |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Human Suffering Good Job |
|
|
66 | (3) |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
67 | (2) |
Chapter 3 Research With Animals |
|
69 | (8) |
|
What Are The Rules For Research With Animals? |
|
|
69 | (2) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Insects Don't Count |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Animals Lost |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Chimeric Animals |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Chimeric Animals- Genetics Version |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Animals' Unnecessary Suffering |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Animals Good Job |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
|
76 | (1) |
Chapter 4 Controversial Topics |
|
77 | (12) |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: AI Goes AWOL |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
|
78 | (1) |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: How Does AI Make A Judgment Call |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: AI Goes Deadly |
|
|
80 | (1) |
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
Genetic Engineering, Including Gain Of Function Research On Dangerous Pathogens |
|
|
81 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Genetic Engineering |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Some Sort Of Genetic Engineering Mishap |
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Cell Storage For Genetic Research And Treatments |
|
|
84 | (2) |
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Bioweapons |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Defense Against A Bioweapon |
|
|
87 | (2) |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
|
88 | (1) |
Chapter 5 What Are Scientific and Research Ethics and What Is Scientific and Research Misconduct |
|
89 | (12) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Falsifying The Results In A Private Meeting |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Falsifying Results Presented At A Meeting |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Falsifying Results That Assume An Error |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Falsifying Results And A Potential Whistleblower |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Falsifying Credentials |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Fabrication Of Data |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Fabrication Of Data |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
What Is The Difference Between The Fabrication And The Falsification Of Data? |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Why Are They Bad for Science? |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Self Plagiarism |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Plagiarism |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Plagiarism Multiple Submissions |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
99 | (1) |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Why Is it Bad for Science? |
|
|
100 | (1) |
Chapter 6 Other Forms of Misconduct and Questionable Research Practices and How They're Called Out |
|
101 | (20) |
|
Hypothetical Case: The Whistleblower |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Conflict Of Interest |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
|
103 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Conflict Of Interest |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
|
104 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Selectively Inclusion Of Results |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Selectively Inclusion Of Results, Only Including Good Results |
|
|
106 | (2) |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Similar To An Unknown Study |
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Collaborator Not Sharing Results Until Publication |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Blowing The False Whistle |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Cheating To Get A Grant |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Underhanded Tactics To Get A Student To Join Your Lab V.1 |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Underhanded Tactics To Get A Student To Join Your Lab V.2 |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Breach Of Confidentiality |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Theft Of Material (IP) By PI |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
|
116 | (1) |
|
|
116 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Priority Dispute |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Sabotage Of Colleague |
|
|
118 | (3) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
118 | (3) |
Chapter 7 Publication-Related Ethics |
|
121 | (18) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Tandem Publication Multiple Labs |
|
|
121 | (2) |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Tandem Publication One Lab |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Simultaneous Publication Agreed To |
|
|
124 | (2) |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
|
125 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship Issues-author Objections |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
|
126 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship; An Author Is Not Contacted |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship; Using Tricks To Approval |
|
|
128 | (2) |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
|
129 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship; Too Generous |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship; Appropriate Generosity |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Authorship; Leaving Off A Bad Colleague |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Web 2.0 Posting Of A Research Result |
|
|
132 | (2) |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Copyright Issues Creative Commons |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Copyright Issues Fair Use |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Peer Review Bad Reviewer |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
Hypothetical Case: Fake Peer Review |
|
|
137 | (2) |
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
|
138 | (1) |
Index |
|
139 | |