Introduction |
|
1 | (4) |
|
|
1 | (1) |
|
How This Workbook Is Organized |
|
|
1 | (2) |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
Where to Go for Additional Help |
|
|
4 | (1) |
Part 1: The Questions |
|
5 | (160) |
|
Chapter 1 Basic Vocabulary |
|
|
7 | (4) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
Picking Out the Population, Sample, Parameter, and Statistic |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
Distinguishing Quantitative and Categorical Variables |
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
Getting a Handle on Bias, Variables, and the Mean |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
Understanding Different Statistics and Data Analysis Terms |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
Using Statistical Techniques |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Working with the Standard Deviation |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Chapter 2 Descriptive Statistics |
|
|
11 | (10) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
Understanding the Mean and the Median |
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
Surveying Standard Deviation and Variance |
|
|
13 | (2) |
|
Employing the Empirical Rule |
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
Measuring Relative Standing with Percentiles |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Delving into Data Sets and Descriptive Statistics |
|
|
17 | (4) |
|
|
21 | (12) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
Considering Three-Dimensional Pie Charts |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
23 | (1) |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Histograms |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
Describing the Center of a Distribution |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
Comparing Three Box Plots |
|
|
29 | (1) |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Histograms |
|
|
31 | (2) |
|
Chapter 4 Random Variables and the Binomial Distribution |
|
|
33 | (10) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
Comparing Discrete and Continuous Random Variables |
|
|
34 | (1) |
|
Understanding the Probability Distribution of a Random Variable |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
Determining the Mean of a Discrete Random Variable |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into the Mean of a Discrete Random Variable |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
Working with the Variance of a Discrete Random Variable |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
Putting Together the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Random Variable |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Random Variable |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
Introducing Binomial Random Variables |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
Figuring Out the Mean, Variance, and Standard Deviation of a Binomial Random Variable |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Finding Binomial Probabilities with a Formula |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Binomial Probabilities Using a Formula |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Finding Binomial Probabilities with the Binomial Table |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Binomial Probabilities Using the Binomial Table |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Using the Normal Approximation to the Binomial |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into the Normal Approximation to the Binomial |
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Binomial Variables |
|
|
41 | (2) |
|
Chapter 5 The Normal Distribution |
|
|
43 | (8) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
|
43 | (1) |
|
Defining and Describing the Normal Distribution |
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
Working with z-Scores and Values of X |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into z-Scores and Values of X |
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
Writing Probability Notations |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
Finding Probabilities for a Normal Distribution |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into z-Scores and Probabilities |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
Figuring Out Percentiles for a Normal Distribution |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Percentiles for a Normal Distribution |
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Percentiles |
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
Chapter 6 The t-Distribution |
|
|
51 | (6) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
|
51 | (1) |
|
Understanding the t-Distribution and Comparing It to the Z-Distribution |
|
|
52 | (1) |
|
|
53 | (2) |
|
Using the t-Distribution to Calculate Confidence Intervals |
|
|
55 | (2) |
|
Chapter 7 Sampling Distributions and the Central Limit Theorem |
|
|
57 | (14) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
Introducing the Basics of Sampling Distributions |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
Checking Out Random Variables and Sample Means |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
|
59 | (1) |
|
Surveying Notation and Symbols |
|
|
60 | (1) |
|
Understanding What Affects Standard Error |
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Standard Error |
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
Connecting Sample Means and Sampling Distributions |
|
|
62 | (2) |
|
Digging Deeper into Sampling Distributions of Sample Means |
|
|
64 | (1) |
|
Looking at the Central Limit Theorem |
|
|
65 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Sample Mean Calculations |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Finding Probabilities for Sample Means |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Probabilities for Sample Means |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
Adding Proportions to the Mix |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
Figuring Out the Standard Error of the Sample Proportion |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
Using the Central Limit Theorem for Proportions |
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
Matching z-Scores to Sample Proportions |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
Finding Approximate Probabilities |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Probabilities |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Approximate Probabilities |
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
Chapter 8 Finding Room for a Margin of Error |
|
|
71 | (4) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
Defining and Calculating Margin of Error |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
Using the Formula for Margin of Error When Estimating a Population Mean |
|
|
72 | (1) |
|
Finding Appropriate z*-Values for Given Confidence Levels |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
Connecting Margin of Error to Sample Size |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with the Formula for Margin of Error |
|
|
73 | (1) |
|
Linking Margin of Error and Population Proportion |
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
Chapter 9 Confidence Intervals: Basics for Single Population Means and Proportions |
|
|
75 | (16) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (1) |
|
Introducing Confidence Intervals |
|
|
76 | (1) |
|
Checking Out Components of Confidence Intervals |
|
|
77 | (2) |
|
Interpreting Confidence Intervals |
|
|
79 | (1) |
|
Spotting Misleading Confidence Intervals |
|
|
80 | (3) |
|
Calculating a Confidence Interval for a Population Mean |
|
|
83 | (3) |
|
Determining the Needed Sample Size |
|
|
86 | (1) |
|
Introducing a Population Proportion |
|
|
87 | (1) |
|
Connecting a Population Proportion to a Survey |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
Calculating a Confidence Interval for a Population Proportion |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Population Proportions |
|
|
89 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Population Proportions |
|
|
90 | (1) |
|
Chapter 10 Confidence Intervals for Two Population Means and Proportions |
|
|
91 | (6) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
|
91 | (1) |
|
Working with Confidence Intervals and Population Proportions |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Confidence Intervals and Population Proportions |
|
|
92 | (1) |
|
Working with Confidence Intervals and Population Means |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
Making Calculations When Population Standard Deviations Are Known |
|
|
93 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Calculations When Population Standard Deviations Are Known |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
Working with Unknown Population Standard Deviations and Small Sample Sizes |
|
|
95 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Unknown Population Standard Deviations and Small Sample Sizes |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
Chapter 11 Claims, Tests, and Conclusions |
|
|
97 | (8) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Knowing When to Use a Hypothesis Test |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
Setting Up Null and Alternative Hypotheses |
|
|
98 | (2) |
|
Finding the Test Statistic and the p-Value |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
Making Decisions Based on Alpha Levels and Test Statistics |
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
Understanding Type I and Type II Errors |
|
|
103 | (2) |
|
Chapter 12 Hypothesis Testing Basics for a Single Population Mean: z- and t-Tests |
|
|
105 | (12) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
Knowing What You Need to Run a z-Test |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
Determining Null and Alternative Hypotheses |
|
|
106 | (1) |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
Calculating the z-Test Statistic |
|
|
107 | (1) |
|
Finding p-Values by Doing a Test of One Population Mean |
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
Drawing Conclusions about Hypotheses |
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into p-Values |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Conclusions about Hypotheses |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Null and Alternative Hypotheses |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
Knowing When to Use a t-Test |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
Connecting Hypotheses to t-Tests |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
Calculating Test Statistics |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Working with Critical Values of t |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
Linking p-Values and t-Tests |
|
|
113 | (1) |
|
Drawing Conclusions from t-Tests |
|
|
114 | (1) |
|
Performing a t-Test for a Single Population Mean |
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Drawing More Conclusions from t-Tests |
|
|
115 | (2) |
|
Chapter 13 Hypothesis Tests for One Proportion, Two Proportions, or Two Population Means |
|
|
117 | (10) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
117 | (1) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
Testing One Population Proportion |
|
|
118 | (2) |
|
Comparing Two Independent Population Means |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Two Independent Population Means |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Two Independent Population Means |
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
|
122 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into the Paired t-Test |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
Comparing Two Population Proportions |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Two Population Proportions |
|
|
124 | (3) |
|
|
127 | (4) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
Planning and Designing Surveys |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
Selecting Samples and Conducting Surveys |
|
|
128 | (3) |
|
|
131 | (8) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
Interpreting Scatter Plots |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
Understanding What Correlations Indicate |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Scatter Plots |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into What Correlations Indicate |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
Noting How Correlations Can Change |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
Looking at the Properties of Correlations |
|
|
135 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into How Correlations Can Change |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
Making Conclusions about Correlations |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Scatter Plots and Correlation Changes |
|
|
136 | (1) |
|
Making More Conclusions about Correlations |
|
|
137 | (2) |
|
Chapter 16 Simple Linear Regression |
|
|
139 | (14) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
|
139 | (1) |
|
Introducing the Regression Line |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Knowing the Conditions for Regression |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Examining the Equation for Calculating the Least-Squares Regression Line |
|
|
140 | (1) |
|
Finding the Slope and y-Intercept of a Regression Line |
|
|
141 | (1) |
|
Seeing How Variables Can Change in a Regression Line |
|
|
141 | (1) |
|
Finding a Regression Line |
|
|
141 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Finding a Regression Line |
|
|
142 | (2) |
|
Connecting to Correlation and Linear Relationships |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Determining Whether Variables Are Candidates for a Linear Regression Analysis |
|
|
144 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Correlations and Linear Relationships |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
Describing Linear Relationships |
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Finding a Regression Line |
|
|
146 | (1) |
|
|
147 | (1) |
|
Figuring Out Expected Values and Differences |
|
|
148 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Expected Values and Differences |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Predictions |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
Getting More Practice with Expected Values and Differences |
|
|
151 | (2) |
|
Chapter 17 Two-Way Tables and Independence |
|
|
153 | (12) |
|
The Problems You'll Work On |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
Introducing Variables and Two-Way Tables |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
|
154 | (2) |
|
Interpreting a Two-Way Table by Using Percentages |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
Interpreting a Two-Way Table by Using Counts |
|
|
156 | (1) |
|
Connecting Conditional Probabilities to Two-Way Tables |
|
|
157 | (1) |
|
Investigating Independent Variables |
|
|
158 | (1) |
|
Calculating Marginal Probability and More |
|
|
159 | (1) |
|
Adding Joint Probability to the Mix |
|
|
160 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Conditional and Marginal Probabilities |
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
Figuring Out the Number of Cells in a Two-Way Table |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
Including Conditional Probability |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
Digging into Research Designs |
|
|
163 | (1) |
|
Digging Deeper into Two-Way Tables |
|
|
163 | (2) |
Part 2: The Answers |
|
165 | (298) |
|
|
167 | (296) |
Appendix: Tables For Reference |
|
463 | (12) |
Index |
|
475 | |