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E-raamat: Advanced Fracture Mechanics and Structural Integrity [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

(University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, USA)
  • Formaat: 307 pages, 100 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Feb-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781351004060
  • Taylor & Francis e-raamat
  • Hind: 216,96 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Tavahind: 309,94 €
  • Säästad 30%
  • Formaat: 307 pages, 100 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-Feb-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781351004060
Advanced Fracture Mechanics and Structural Integrity is organized to cover quantitative descriptions of crack growth and fracture phenomena. The mechanics of fracture are explained, emphasizing elastic-plastic and time-dependent fracture mechanics. Applications are presented, using examples from power generation, aerospace, marine, and chemical industries, with focus on predicting the remaining life of structural components and advanced testing metods for structural materials. Numerous examples and end-of-chapter problems are provided, along with references to encourage further study.The book is written for use in an advanced graduate course on fracture mechanics or structural integrity.
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Author xv
1 Introduction and Review of Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics
1(40)
1.1 Why Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics
1(3)
1.1.1 Failures in Reheat Steam Pipes
1(1)
1.1.2 Failure of a Steam Turbine Rotor
2(1)
1.1.3 Cracks in a Superheater Outlet Steam Header
3(1)
1.1.4 Cracks in Ship's Steam Turbine-Generator Casings
3(1)
1.2 Review of LEFM
4(10)
1.2.1 Basic Concepts
5(1)
1.2.1.1 Energy Balance Approaches to Fracture
5(3)
1.2.1.2 Stress Intensity Parameter Approach
8(4)
1.2.1.3 The Equivalence of G and K
12(2)
1.3 Crack Tip Plasticity
14(4)
1.3.1 Irwin's Plastic Zone Size Calculation
14(2)
1.3.2 Relationship between K and Crack Tip Opening Displacement
16(1)
1.3.3 Shape of the Plastic Zone
16(2)
1.3.4 Strip Yield Model
18(1)
1.4 Compliance Relationships
18(3)
1.5 Fracture Toughness and Predicting Fracture in Components
21(4)
1.5.1 Fracture under Plane Strain Conditions (Thick Sections)
21(2)
1.5.2 Fracture in Thin Plates and Sheets
23(2)
1.6 Subcritical Crack Growth
25(6)
1.6.1 Fatigue Crack Growth
25(2)
1.6.2 Environment-Assisted Cracking
27(2)
1.6.3 Corrosion-Fatigue Crack Growth
29(2)
1.7 Limitations of LEFM
31(4)
1.8 Summary
35(1)
1.9 References
35(2)
1.10 Exercise Problems
37(4)
2 Analysis of Cracks under Elastic-Plastic Conditions
41(22)
2.1 Introduction
41(1)
2.2 Rice's J-Integral
42(6)
2.2.1 Path-Independence of J-Integral
44(1)
2.2.2 Relationship between J and Potential Energy
45(3)
2.3 J-Integral, Crack Tip Stress Fields, and Crack Tip Opening Displacement
48(4)
2.3.1 Relationship between J and Crack Tip Stress Fields
48(2)
2.3.2 Relationship between J and CTOD
50(2)
2.4 J-Integral as a Fracture Parameter and Its Limitations
52(5)
2.4.1 Jk and J-Δa Curves
52(1)
2.4.2 Influence of Geometry and Deformation on J-Dominance
53(1)
2.4.3 Hutchinson-Paris Condition for J-Dominated Crack Growth
54(3)
2.5 Summary
57(1)
2.6 References
57(1)
2.7 Exercise Problems
58(1)
Appendix 2.1 Hutchinson, Rice, Rosengren (Hrr) Singular Field Quantities
59(4)
3 Methods of Estimating J-Integral
63(34)
3.1 Analytical Solutions
63(2)
3.2 Determination of J in Test Specimens
65(11)
3.2.1 Semi-Empirical Methods of Determining
66(2)
3.2.2 J for a Deep Edge Crack Specimen Subject to Pure Bending, SEC(B)
68(2)
3.2.3 Merkle-Corten Analysis of a Compact Specimen
70(5)
3.2.4 J for Center Crack Tension Geometry
75(1)
3.3 J for Growing Cracks
76(2)
3.4 Estimating J-Integral for Cracked Components
78(4)
3.4.1 Elastic-Plastic Estimation Procedure
79(1)
3.4.2 J-Solutions for Cracks in Infinite Bodies
80(2)
3.5 Summary
82(1)
3.6 References
83(1)
3.7 Exercise Problems
83(2)
Appendix 3.1
85(12)
4 Crack Growth Resistance Curves and Measures of Fracture Toughness
97(22)
4.1 Fracture Parameters under Elastic-Plastic Loading
98(1)
4.2 Experimental Methods for Determining Stable Crack Growth and Fracture
99(16)
4.2.1 Overall Test Method
99(1)
4.2.2 Test Specimen Geometries and Preparation
99(2)
4.2.3 Loading Apparatus and Displacement Gauges
101(1)
4.2.4 Crack Length Measurement
102(4)
4.2.5 Final Loading of the Specimen and Post-test Measurements
106(1)
4.2.6 Data Analysis and Qualification
106(9)
4.3 Summary
115(1)
4.4 References
115(1)
4.5 Exercise Problems
115(4)
5 Effects of Constraint on Fracture and Stable Crack Growth under Elastic-Plastic Loading
119(14)
5.1 The Elastic T-Stress
119(6)
5.2 The J-Q Approach
125(1)
5.3 T-Q Relationship
126(2)
5.4 Effects of Specimen Geometry on the JR-Curve
128(1)
5.5 Comments on Predicting Instability in Structures
129(1)
5.6 Summary
130(1)
5.7 References
130(1)
5.8 Exercise Problems
131(2)
6 Microscopic Aspects of Fracture
133(24)
6.1 Cleavage Fracture
133(10)
6.1.1 Microscopic Aspects of Cleavage Fracture
133(5)
6.1.2 Ritchie, Knott, and Rice Model for Cleavage Fracture
138(1)
6.1.3 A Model for Describing Scatter in Cleavage Fracture Toughness
139(4)
6.2 Ductile Fracture
143(9)
6.2.1 Microscopic Aspects of Ductile Fracture
143(1)
6.2.2 Models for Predicting the JR-Curve
144(8)
6.3 Ductile-Brittle Transition
152(1)
6.4 Summary
153(1)
6.5 References
153(2)
6.6 Exercise Problems
155(2)
7 Fatigue Crack Growth under Large-Scale Plasticity
157(32)
7.1 Crack Tip Cyclic Plasticity, Damage, and Crack Closure
157(10)
7.1.1 Crack Tip Cyclic Plasticity
157(5)
7.1.2 Crack Tip Damage
162(2)
7.1.3 Crack Closure
164(3)
7.2 ΔJ-Integral `
167(8)
7.2.1 Relationship between ΔJ and Crack Tip Stress Fields
169(1)
7.2.2 Methods of Determining ΔJ
170(4)
7.2.3 Limitations of ΔJ
174(1)
7.3 Test Methods for Characterizing Fatigue Crack Growth Rates under Large Plasticity Conditions
175(3)
7.4 Behavior of Small Fatigue Cracks
178(7)
7.4.1 Limitations of LEFM for Characterizing Small Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior
180(2)
7.4.2 Models for Predicting the Growth of Small Fatigue Cracks
182(3)
7.5 Summary
185(1)
7.6 References
186(1)
7.7 Exercise Problems
187(2)
8 Analysis of Cracks in Creeping Materials
189(42)
8.1 Cracked Bodies Subjected to Creep Conditions
190(1)
8.2 The C*-Integral
191(7)
8.2.1 Energy Rate Interpretation of C*
193(1)
8.2.2 Relationship between C*-Integral and the Crack Tip Stress Fields
194(1)
8.2.3 Methods of Determining C*
194(3)
8.2.4 Correlation between Creep Crack Growth Rates and C*
197(1)
8.3 Analysis of Cracks under SSC and TC Conditions
198(13)
8.3.1 Crack Tip Stress Fields in SSC
198(1)
8.3.2 Estimation of the Creep Zone Size
199(2)
8.3.3 Transition Time (tT)
201(1)
8.3.4 C(t)--Integral and the Stress Fields in the TC Region
201(2)
8.3.5 Ct Parameter
203(8)
8.4 Consideration of Primary Creep
211(7)
8.4.1 Creep Constitutive Equation Including Primary Creep
211(1)
8.4.2 Crack Tip Parameters for Extensive Primary Creep
212(3)
8.4.3 Small-Scale Primary Creep
215(1)
8.4.4 Primary and Secondary Creep
215(1)
8.4.5 Transition from Small-Scale to Extensive Primary Creep
216(1)
8.4.6 Elastic, Primary, and Secondary Creep Combined
216(2)
8.5 Effects of Crack Growth on the Crack Tip Stress Fields
218(3)
8.5.1 Effects of Crack Growth under Extensive Steady-State Creep
219(1)
8.5.2 Crack Growth under SSC
220(1)
8.6 Crack Growth in Creep-Brittle Materials
221(5)
8.6.1 Steady-State Creep Crack Growth under SSC
223(1)
8.6.2 Transient Crack Growth under SSC
223(3)
8.7 Summary
226(1)
8.8 References
227(1)
8.9 Exercise Problems
228(3)
9 Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth
231(34)
9.1 Early Approaches for Characterizing Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Behavior
232(4)
9.1.1 LEFM Approaches
232(3)
9.1.2 Limitations of the LEFM Approaches
235(1)
9.2 Stress Analysis of Cracks Subjected to Cyclic Loading in the Presence of Creep Deformation
236(8)
9.2.1 Crack Tip Stresses under Creep-Fatigue Loading
236(8)
9.3 Crack Tip Parameters during Creep-Fatigue
244(1)
9.4 Methods of Determining (Ct)avg
245(6)
9.4.1 Methods for Determining (Ct)avg in Test Specimens
246(1)
9.4.2 Analytical Methods of Determining (Ct)avg
246(1)
9.4.2.1 (Ct)avg for Complete Creep Reversal
246(2)
9.4.2.2 (Ct)avg for No Creep Reversal
248(1)
9.4.2.3 (Ct)avg for Partial Creep Reversal
248(3)
9.5 Experimental Methods for Characterizing Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth
251(2)
9.6 Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Models
253(7)
9.6.1 Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Correlations
254(2)
9.6.2 Models for Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth
256(2)
9.6.3 Transients during Creep-Fatigue Crack Growth
258(2)
9.7 Summary
260(1)
9.8 References
260(2)
9.9 Exercise Problems
262(3)
10 Applications
265(36)
10.1 Applications of Fracture Mechanics
265(2)
10.1.1 Integrity Assessment of Structures and Components
265(1)
10.1.2 Material and Process Selection
266(1)
10.1.3 Design or Remaining Life Prediction
266(1)
10.1.4 Inspection Criterion and Interval Determination
266(1)
10.1.5 Failure Analysis
267(1)
10.2 Fracture Mechanics Analysis Methodology
267(1)
10.3 Case Studies
267(30)
10.3.1 Integrity Analysis of Missile Launch Tubes
268(3)
10.3.2 Integrity of Pipes in Nuclear Power Generating Stations
271(14)
10.3.3 Analysis of a High-Temperature Rotor Failure
285(9)
10.3.4 Integrity Analysis of Reheat Steam Pipes
294(3)
10.4 Summary
297(1)
10.5 References
298(3)
Index 301
Dr. Ashok Saxena is a Distinguished Professor in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at the University of Arkansas where in the past he has served as the Provost and Vice-Chancellor of Academic Affairs (2015-16), the Dean of Engineering and the Raymond and Irma Giffels Chair (2003-12), and the Head of the Department of Biomedical Engineering and the Billingsley Endowed Chair (2014-15). Dr. Saxena was previously at Georgia Tech in Atlanta (1985-2003) where he last held the position of Regents Professor and Chair of the School of Materials Science and Engineering. Prior to that he was a Fellow Scientist at the Westinghouse Research and Development Center in Pittsburgh. He also served as the Vice Chancellor of Galgotias University in India for a two-year period between 2012-14. Dr. Saxena received his MS and PhD degrees from University of Cincinnati in 1972 and 1974, respectively in Materials Science and Metallurgical Engineering and his B. Tech degree from the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur in 1970 in Mechanical Engineering. Dr. Saxenas area of research is mechanical behavior of materials focusing on linear and nonlinear fracture mechanics and fracture in materials at high temperatures under the conditions of creep and creep-fatigue. He has published 250 research papers and has authored/co-authored/edited 9 books. He is the recipient of numerous awards and recognitions in the field of fracture research that include the George Irwin Medal (1992) from the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) for his pioneering contributions to creep fracture mechanics, the ASTM Award of Merit and Fellow (1994), Fellow of ASM International (1996), Fellow of International Congress on Fracture (2009), Fellow of Indian Structural Integrity Society (2018) and the Georgia Tech Outstanding Research Author Award (1993). He is a recipient of the Wohler Fatigue Medal from the European Structural Integrity Society (ESIS) in 2010, and is the recipient of the Fracture Mechanics Medal from ASTM (2009), and an elected member of the European Academy of Sciences (2016). In 2017, he received the Paul C. Paris Gold Medal from International Congress on Fracture. He has pioneered the development of several materials test standards for the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) in the area of Fatigue Crack Growth (E647), Creep Crack Growth (E1457), Creep-Fatigue crack Growth (E2760) and Creep-Fatigue Crack Formation (E2714) that are widely used for evaluating crack growth resistance of structural materials, throughout the world. He served as the President of the Indian Structural Integrity Society between 2015 to 2018.