| Acknowledgements |
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xi | |
| Preface |
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xiii | |
| Acronyms |
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xix | |
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1 | (32) |
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1 Overview Of Wireless Networks -- From 2G To 4G |
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3 | (6) |
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6 | (3) |
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2 Terrestrial Wireless Networks Based On Standard 2G And 3G Technologies |
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9 | (24) |
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2.1 Bluetooth-WPAN Networks |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (14) |
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2.2.1 Integrated WLAN and WPAN Networks |
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13 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Enhancement of the WLAN Technology |
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14 | (1) |
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2.3 WiMAX Networks and 802.16 Technologies |
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15 | (2) |
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2.3.1 Integrated Wi-Fi--WiMAX Networks |
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17 | (3) |
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2.4 LTE Current Technologies |
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20 | (4) |
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24 | (9) |
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Part II Physical Layer of Wireless Networks Beyond 4G |
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33 | (2) |
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3 Link Budget Design In Terrestrial Communication Networks |
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35 | (1) |
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3.1 Total Path Loss and Link Budget -- Physical Layer of Any Network |
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35 | (5) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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3.1.5 Average Attenuation |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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3.1.5.2 Non-line-of-sight |
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39 | (1) |
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3.2 The Terrain Propagating Models for Total Path Loss Prediction |
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40 | (7) |
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3.2.1 Hata--Okumura Model |
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40 | (2) |
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3.2.2 Bertoni Multidiffraction Model |
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42 | (1) |
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3.2.3 Walfisch---Ikegami Model (COST 231 Standard) Based on Analytical Bertoni Model |
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43 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Stochastic multiparametric model |
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44 | (1) |
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3.2.4.1 Parameters of the model |
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44 | (1) |
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3.2.4.2 Effect of buildings' overlap profile |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2.4.3 Signal intensity distribution |
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46 | (1) |
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3.3 Validation of Most Suitable Models via the Recent Experiments |
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47 | (3) |
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3.4 Link Budget Design in Land-Atmosphere and Atmosphere-Land Communication Networks |
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50 | (17) |
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3.4.1 Content and Main Parameters of the Troposphere |
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51 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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3.4.1.2 Main parameters of troposphere |
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52 | (2) |
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3.4.2 Effects of Tropospheric Features on Signal Propagation |
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54 | (1) |
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3.4.2.1 Main features occurring in the troposphere |
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54 | (1) |
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3.4.2.2 Molecular-Gaseous absorption |
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55 | (2) |
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57 | (3) |
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3.4.2.4 Effects of clouds |
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60 | (2) |
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3.4.2.5 Effects of turbulence |
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62 | (5) |
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67 | (3) |
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3.5.1 Path Loss in Free Space |
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67 | (1) |
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67 | (3) |
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70 | (3) |
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4 Polarization Diversity Analysis For Networks Beyond 4G |
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73 | (26) |
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4.1 Depolarization Phenomena in Terrain Channels |
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73 | (1) |
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4.2 Model by Stocks Parameters |
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74 | (3) |
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4.3 The Multiparametric Stochastic Model Application for Polarization Parameters Prediction |
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77 | (4) |
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4.4 Numerical Analysis of Probability Functions for Parameters of the Spatial Polarization Ellipse |
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81 | (4) |
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4.4.1 Mixed-residential Areas |
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81 | (2) |
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4.4.2 Suburban and Urban Areas |
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83 | (2) |
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4.5 Analysis of Polarization Ellipse Energetic Parameters |
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85 | (4) |
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4.5.1 The Ratio A vs. the BS Height |
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85 | (4) |
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4.5.2 The A Ratio vs. the Distance Between BS and MS Antennas |
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89 | (1) |
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4.6 Analysis of the Loss Characteristics |
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89 | (3) |
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4.6.1 Horizontal Component of the Total Elliptically Polarized Field |
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91 | (1) |
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4.6.2 Vertical Component of the Total Field |
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91 | (1) |
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4.7 Path Loss Factor Due to Depolarization Phenomena |
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92 | (3) |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (2) |
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5 Theoretical Framework For Positioning Of Any Subscriber In Land-Land And Atmosphere-Land Multiuser Links |
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99 | (30) |
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5.1 Signal Power Distribution in the Space, AOA, TOA, and Frequency Domains for Prediction of Operative Parameters of Sectorial and Multibeam Antennas |
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101 | (8) |
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5.1.1 Signal Intensity Distribution in Space Domain. According to 3-D Stochastic Approach |
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101 | (1) |
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5.1.2 Signal Energy Distribution in Angle-of-Arrival (AOA) and Time-of-Arrival (AOA) Domains |
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102 | (4) |
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5.1.3 Signal Power Spectrum in the Frequency and Doppler-Shift (DS) Domains |
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106 | (3) |
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5.2 Localization of Any Subscriber in Land Built-Up Areas |
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109 | (13) |
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5.2.1 3-D Stochastic Model for Different Scenarios of Buildings' Layout |
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109 | (4) |
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5.2.2 Analysis of the Accuracy of MS Localization in Predefined Urban Scenarios |
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113 | (1) |
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5.2.2.1 Example 1: The statistical model vs. ray-tracing simulation according to the topographic map |
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113 | (1) |
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5.2.2.2 Example 2: MS and BS antennas are below the rooftop level |
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113 | (2) |
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5.2.2.3 Example 3: MS antenna is below and BS antenna is above the rooftop level |
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115 | (1) |
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5.2.2.4 Example 4: Multiple MS locations |
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116 | (6) |
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5.3 Positioning of Any Subscriber in Multiuser Land-Atmosphere Communication Links |
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122 | (4) |
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5.3.1 Signal Distribution in the Time-Delay Domain |
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122 | (2) |
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5.3.2 Signal Distribution in the Doppler-Shift Domain |
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124 | (2) |
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126 | (3) |
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Part III Advanced Integrated-Cell Technologies for Modern 4G and 5G Networks |
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129 | (32) |
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6 Femto/Pico/Micro/Macrocell Network Deployments For Fourth And Fifth Generations |
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131 | (30) |
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6.1 Channel Capacity Models in Integrated Femtocell--Microcell/Macrocell Networks |
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133 | (3) |
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6.1.1 Shared Spectrum Assignment (SSA) with Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) |
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134 | (1) |
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6.1.2 Shared Spectrum Assignment (SSA) with (OSG) |
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134 | (1) |
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6.1.3 Dedicated Spectrum Assignment (DSA) with Closed Subscriber Group (CSG) |
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135 | (1) |
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6.1.4 Dedicated spectrum assignment (DSA) with open subscriber group (OSG) |
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135 | (1) |
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6.2 Analysis of Femto/Pico/Micro/Macrocell Networks Based on Propagation Phenomena |
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136 | (9) |
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6.2.1 Propagation Aspects in Integrated Indoor and Outdoor Communication Links |
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136 | (1) |
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6.2.1.1 Outdoor propagation model |
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137 | (2) |
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6.2.1.2 Indoor propagation model |
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139 | (4) |
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6.2.2 Experimental Verification of the Total Path Loss in Femtocell--Picocell Areas |
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143 | (2) |
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6.3 Different Integrated Femto/Pico/Micro/Macrocell Network Deployments |
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145 | (12) |
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6.3.1 Femtocells Integrated into Microcell Network Pattern |
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145 | (4) |
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6.3.2 Femto/Pico/Microcell Configuration Deployment |
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149 | (4) |
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6.3.2.1 Results of the numerical computations |
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153 | (4) |
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157 | (4) |
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Part IV Mega-Cell Satellite Networks-Current and Advanced |
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161 | (80) |
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7 Advanced Multicarrier Diversity In Networks Beyond 4G |
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163 | (18) |
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7.1 Advanced Multicarrier-diversity Techniques |
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163 | (2) |
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7.2 Advanced Frequency Multicarrier-diversity Techniques |
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165 | (2) |
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7.3 Advanced OFDM and OFDMA Technologies |
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167 | (8) |
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7.3.1 Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing |
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168 | (5) |
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7.3.2 Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiple Access |
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173 | (2) |
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7.4 Advanced Time Multicarrier-diversity Techniques |
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175 | (3) |
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178 | (3) |
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8 Mimo Modern Networks Design In Space And Time Domains |
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181 | (16) |
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8.1 Main Principles of MIMO |
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181 | (3) |
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8.2 Modeling of MIMO Channel Capacity |
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184 | (3) |
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8.3 Fading Correlation in Space-Time Doman in Urban Environment with Dense Building Layout |
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187 | (1) |
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8.4 Correlation Coefficient Analysis in Urban Scene |
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188 | (1) |
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8.5 MIMO Channel Capacity Estimation |
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189 | (1) |
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8.6 Analysis of MIMO Channel Capacity in Predefined Urban Scenario |
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190 | (2) |
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192 | (5) |
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9 Mimo Network Based On Adaptive Multibeam Antennas Integrated With Modern Lte Releases |
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197 | (14) |
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9.1 Problems in LTE Releases Deployment |
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197 | (2) |
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9.2 Multibeam MIMO with Adaptive Antennas Against Fading Phenomena in LTE Networks |
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199 | (2) |
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9.3 Analysis of the Multibeam Effect for a Specific Environment |
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201 | (5) |
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206 | (2) |
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208 | (3) |
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10 Satellite Communication Networks |
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211 | (30) |
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10.1 Overview of Satellite Types |
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211 | (1) |
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10.2 Signal Types in LSC Links |
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212 | (2) |
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10.3 Overview of Experimentally Approbated Models |
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214 | (9) |
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10.3.1 Lutz Pure Statistical Model |
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215 | (1) |
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10.3.2 Physical--Statistical Approach |
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216 | (1) |
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10.3.2.1 Saunders--Evans physical--statistical model |
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217 | (2) |
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10.3.2.2 Multiparametric stochastic model |
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219 | (4) |
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10.4 Comparison Between Saunders--Evans and the Stochastic Multiparametric Model |
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223 | (2) |
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10.5 Land-Satellite Networks -- Current and Advanced Beyond 4G |
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225 | (13) |
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10.5.1 Current Land--Satellite Networks |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (1) |
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10.5.1.2 North American MSAT system |
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226 | (1) |
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10.5.1.3 Australian mobile satellite system (OPTUS) |
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227 | (1) |
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10.5.1.4 Japanese n-star mobile communications system |
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227 | (1) |
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10.5.1.5 Other mobile-satellite systems |
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228 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Advanced Satellite Networks Performance |
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229 | (1) |
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229 | (2) |
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231 | (2) |
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233 | (1) |
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10.5.2.4 European inmarsat BGAN |
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234 | (1) |
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10.5.2.5 Advanced GSM--satellite network |
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235 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Operational Parameters Prediction in Advanced Land--Satellite Networks |
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235 | (3) |
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238 | (1) |
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239 | (2) |
| Index |
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241 | |