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E-raamat: Advances in Acoustic Microscopy and High Resolution Imaging From Principles to Applications: From Principles to Applications [Wiley Online]

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  • Formaat: 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527655301
  • ISBN-13: 9783527655304
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 216,75 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
Advances in Acoustic Microscopy and High Resolution Imaging From Principles to Applications: From Principles to ApplicationsSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 400 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 20-Mar-2013
  • Kirjastus: Blackwell Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527655301
  • ISBN-13: 9783527655304
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley Online e-raamatudRohkem infot Wiley Online kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9783527655304
Thirteen contributed chapters begin with the fundamentals, addressing multiwave imaging to elasticity imaging, and speckle interferometry and nonlinear methods. Following is coverage of novel developments in techniques and methods such as applications of a quantitative ultrasonic microscope for soft biological tissues, and portable ultrasonic imaging devices. Subsequent chapters address advanced biomedical applications, and advanced materials applications. Editor Maev is affiliated with the U. of Windsor Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research, Canada; contributors include a couple of his associates as well as scientists based around the world. Annotation ©2013 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Novel physical solutions, including new results in the field of adaptive methods and inventive approaches to inverse problems, original concepts based on high harmonic imaging algorithms, intriguing vibro-acoustic imaging and vibro-modulation technique, etc. were successfully introduced and verified in numerous studies of industrial materials and biomaterials in the last few years. Together with the above mentioned traditional academic and practical avenues in ultrasonic imaging research, intriguing scientific discussions have recently surfaced and will hopefully continue to bear fruits in the future. The goal of this book is to provide an overview of the recent advances in high-resolution ultrasonic imaging techniques and their applications to biomaterials evaluation and industrial materials. The result is a unique collection of papers presenting novel results and techniques that were developed by leading research groups worldwide.
This book offers a number of new results from well-known authors who are engaged in aspects of the development of novel physical principles, new methods, or implementation of modern technological solutions into current imaging devices and new applications of high-resolution imaging systems. The ultimate purpose of this book is to encourage more research and development in the field to realize the great potential of high resolution acoustic imaging and its various industrial and biomedical applications.
List of Contributors
xiii
Introduction xvii
Author Biographies xix
Part One Fundamentals
1(46)
1 From Multiwave Imaging to Elasticity Imaging
3(20)
Mathias Fink
Mickael Tanter
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Regimes of Spatial Resolution
3(1)
1.3 The Multiwave Approach
4(1)
1.4 Wave to Wave Generation
5(2)
1.5 Wave to Wave Tagging
7(1)
1.6 Wave to Wave Imaging: Mapping Elasticity
8(6)
1.7 Super-resolution in Supersonic Shear Wave Imaging
14(2)
1.8 Clinical Applications
16(3)
1.9 Conclusion
19(4)
References
21(2)
2 Imaging via Speckle Interferometry and Nonlinear Methods
23(24)
Jeffrey Sadler
Roman Gr. Maev
2.1 General Introduction
23(1)
2.2 Part I: Speckle Interferometry
24(10)
2.2.1 Introduction
24(1)
2.2.2 Labeyrie's Method
25(4)
2.2.3 Knox-Thompson Method
29(3)
2.2.4 Importance of Phase Difference Calculation
32(1)
2.2.5 Labeyrie and Knox-Thompson in Two Dimensions
33(1)
2.2.6 Other Improvements to Speckle Interferometry
34(1)
2.3 Part II: Nonlinear Imaging
34(10)
2.3.1 Introduction
34(2)
2.3.2 Deviation (Difference Squared), or Absolute Difference
36(1)
2.3.3 Fourier Transform-Based Methodology
36(2)
2.3.4 Fourier Methodology: How to Create an Image
38(1)
2.3.5 Fourier Transform: Problems with Using
39(1)
2.3.6 Hilbert Transform-Based Methodology
39(3)
2.3.7 Hilbert Methodology: How to Create an Image, and 3D Image
42(2)
2.4 Summary and Closing
44(3)
Selected References (By Subject)
45(1)
Speckle: Base Methods
45(1)
Speckle: More Advanced Methods
45(1)
Nonlinear Imaging
45(2)
Part Two Novel Developments in Advanced Imaging Techniques and Methods
47(106)
3 Fundamentals and Applications of a Quantitative Ultrasonic Microscope for Soft Biological Tissues
49(22)
Kazuto Kobayashi
Naohiro Hozumi
3.1 General Introduction: Basic Idea of an Ultrasonic Microscope for Biological Tissues
49(1)
3.2 Sound Speed Profile
50(10)
3.2.1 Fundamentals
50(1)
3.2.2 Specimen to be Observed
50(1)
3.2.3 Experimental Setup and Acquired Signal
51(1)
3.2.4 Calculation of Sound Speed
52(1)
3.2.4.1 Frequency Domain Analysis
52(2)
3.2.4.2 Time-Frequency Domain Analysis
54(2)
3.2.5 Two-Dimensional Sound Speed Profiles
56(2)
3.2.6 Attempts at Better Spatial Resolution
58(2)
3.3 Acoustic Impedance Profile
60(10)
3.3.1 Fundamentals
60(1)
3.3.2 Experimental Setup
61(1)
3.3.3 Specimen to be Observed
62(1)
3.3.4 Acquired Signal
63(1)
3.3.5 Calibration for Characteristic Acoustic Impedance
63(2)
3.3.6 Observation of Cerebellar Cortex of a Rat
65(2)
3.3.7 Cell Size Observation
67(2)
3.3.8 Commercialized Equipment
69(1)
3.4 Summary
70(1)
References
70(1)
4 Portable Ultrasonic Imaging Devices
71(22)
Sergey A. Titov
Roman Gr. Maev
Fedar M. Severin
References
91(2)
5 High-Frequency Ultrasonic Systems for High-Resolution Ranging and Imaging
93(32)
Michael Vogt
Helmut Ermert
5.1 General Introduction
93(1)
5.2 High-Frequency Ultrasonic System Components
94(10)
5.2.1 Ultrasound Echo Systems
94(1)
5.2.2 Transmitter and Receiver Components for High-Frequency Ultrasonic Echo Systems
95(2)
5.2.3 Spectral and Range Resolution Properties
97(2)
5.2.4 Measurement and Optimization of the Pulse Transfer Properties
99(2)
5.2.5 Range Resolution Optimization: Inverse Echo Signal Filtering
101(1)
5.2.6 Measurement of Acoustic Scattering Parameters in Plane Wave Propagation
102(2)
5.3 Engineering Concepts for High-Frequency Ultrasonic Imaging
104(11)
5.3.1 Single-Element Transducer B-Scan Techniques
104(1)
5.3.2 Lateral Resolution Optimization
105(1)
5.3.2.1 B/D-Scan Technique
106(1)
5.3.2.2 Synthetic Aperture Focusing Techniques (SAFT)
106(4)
5.3.3 Limited Angle Spatial Compounding (LASC)
110(2)
5.3.4 Multidirectional Tissue Characterization
112(3)
5.4 High-Frequency Ultrasound Imaging in Biomedical Applications
115(3)
5.4.1 Skin Imaging
115(2)
5.4.2 Imaging of Small Animals
117(1)
5.5 Summary
118(7)
References
119(6)
6 Quantitative Acoustic Microscopy Based on the Array Approach
125(28)
Sergey Titov
Roman Gr. Maev
6.1 General Introduction
125(1)
6.2 Measurement of Velocity and Attenuation of Leaky Waves
126(15)
6.3 Measurement of Bulk Wave Velocities and Thickness of Specimen
141(9)
6.4 Conclusions
150(3)
References
150(3)
Part Three Advanced Biomedical Applications
153(78)
7 Study of the Contrast Mechanism in an Acoustic Image for Thickly Sectioned Melanoma Skin Tissues with Acoustic Microscopy
155(32)
Bernhard R. Tittmann
Chiaki Miyasaka
Elena Maeva
David Shum
7.1 Introduction
155(3)
7.1.1 What Is Melanoma?
155(1)
7.1.2 How Is Melanoma Diagnosed?
156(1)
7.1.3 Present Problems for Biopsy
157(1)
7.1.4 Objective of Present Study
157(1)
7.2 Physical and Mathematical Modeling for Five Layer Wave Propagation in an Acoustic Microscope
158(4)
7.3 Sample Preparation
162(1)
7.4 Digital Imaging-Optical and Ultrasonic
163(11)
7.4.1 Optical Image
163(1)
7.4.2 Acoustic Imaging Principle (Pulse-Wave Mode)
164(4)
7.4.3 Resolution
168(1)
7.4.4 Acoustic Images
169(2)
7.4.5 Waveform Analysis
171(3)
7.5 High Frequency Acoustic Microscopy
174(7)
7.5.1 Normal Control Skin Tissue
174(1)
7.5.2 Abnormal Skin Tissue
175(1)
7.5.3 Acoustic Velocity
175(2)
7.5.4 Computer Simulation
177(1)
7.5.4.1 Experimental V(z) Curve
177(1)
7.5.4.2 Theoretical V(z) Curve (Simulation of V(z) Curve)
178(3)
7.6 Conclusions
181(6)
Acknowledgment
183(1)
References
183(4)
8 New Concept of Pathology-Mechanical Properties Provided by Acoustic Microscopy
187(20)
Yoshifumi Saijo
8.1 Introduction
187(1)
8.2 Principle of Acoustic Microscopy
188(1)
8.3 Application to Cellular Imaging
189(2)
8.4 Application to Hard Tissues
191(2)
8.5 Application to Soft Tissues
193(7)
8.5.1 Gastric Cancer
193(2)
8.5.2 Myocardial Infarction
195(2)
8.5.3 Kidney
197(1)
8.5.4 Atherosclerosis
197(3)
8.6 Ultrasound Speed Microscopy (USM)
200(2)
8.7 Articular Tissues
202(1)
8.8 Summary
202(5)
References
204(3)
9 Quantitative Scanning Acoustic Microscopy of Bone
207(24)
Pascal Laugier
Amena Saied
Mathilde Granke
Kay Raum
9.1 Introduction
207(6)
9.1.1 Hierarchical Structure of Bone and Properties
207(2)
9.1.2 Relevance of Multiscale Elastic Properties
209(1)
9.1.3 History of Measurement Principles
210(3)
9.2 Quantitative SAM-Based Impedance of Bone
213(6)
9.2.1 Theory
213(3)
9.2.2 Time-Resolved Measurements
216(1)
9.2.3 Measurements with Time-Gated Amplitude Detection
217(1)
9.2.3.1 Calibration
218(1)
9.3 Tissue Mineralization, Acoustic Impedance, and Stiffness
219(3)
9.4 Elastic Anisotropy at the Nanoscale (Lamellar) Level
222(1)
9.5 Elastic Anisotropy at the Microscale (Tissue) Level
223(2)
9.6 Applications in Musculoskeletal Research
225(1)
9.7 Conclusions
226(5)
References
228(3)
Part Four Advanced Materials Applications
231(140)
10 Array Imaging and Defect Characterization Using Post-processing Approaches
233(44)
Alexander Velichko
Paul D. Wilcox
Bruce W. Drinkwater
10.1 Introduction
233(4)
10.2 Modeling Array Data
237(8)
10.2.1 Introduction
237(1)
10.2.2 Ray-Based Description of Ultrasonic Array Data
238(1)
10.2.2.1 Determining the Ray-Paths
238(2)
10.2.2.2 Predicting the Signal Associated with a Ray-Path
240(1)
10.2.2.3 Simple Example
240(2)
10.2.3 Mathematical Model of Ultrasonic Array Data
242(3)
10.3 Imaging with 1D Arrays
245(10)
10.3.1 Classical Beam-Forming Imaging Methods in Post-processing
245(1)
10.3.2 Total Focusing Method
246(1)
10.3.3 Wavenumber Method
247(2)
10.3.4 Back-Propagation Method
249(1)
10.3.5 Theoretical Comparison of Imaging Methods
250(1)
10.3.6 Computational Burden
251(1)
10.3.7 Focusing Performance
252(1)
10.3.8 Experimental Example
253(2)
10.4 Imaging with 2D Arrays
255(5)
10.4.1 Optimization of 2D Array Layout
255(1)
10.4.1.1 Optimization Criterion
255(1)
10.4.1.2 Regular Sampling
256(1)
10.4.1.3 Non-uniform Sampling
257(1)
10.4.2 Experimental Comparison of 2D Array Layouts
258(1)
10.4.2.1 Spherical Inclusion
259(1)
10.4.2.2 Aluminum Block with Flat Bottom Holes
260(1)
10.4.2.3 Surface-Breaking Fatigue Crack
260(1)
10.5 Scattering Matrices and Their Experimental Extraction
260(7)
10.5.1 Feature Extraction from Array Data
262(1)
10.5.1.1 Concept
262(1)
10.5.1.2 Inverse Imaging
263(3)
10.5.1.3 Extraction of Scattering Matrix
266(1)
10.6 Defect Characterization and Sizing
267(5)
10.6.1 Crack Sizing
267(1)
10.6.1.1 1D Array
267(1)
10.6.1.2 2D Array
268(1)
10.6.2 Experimental Results
269(1)
10.6.2.1 1D Array
269(2)
10.6.2.2 2D Array
271(1)
10.7 Conclusions
272(5)
References
273(4)
11 Ultrasonic Force and Related Microscopies
277(30)
Andrew Briggs
Oleg V. Kolosov
11.1 Introduction
277(2)
11.2 Mechanical Diode Detection
279(1)
11.3 Experimental UFM Implementation
280(3)
11.4 UFM Contrast Theory
283(4)
11.5 Quantitative Measurements of Contact Stiffness
287(2)
11.6 UFM Picture Gallery
289(4)
11.7 Image Interpretation-Effects of Adhesion and Topography
293(2)
11.8 Superlubricity
295(2)
11.9 Defects Below the Surface
297(2)
11.10 Time-Resolved Nanoscale Phenomena
299(8)
Acknowledgments
303(1)
References
304(3)
12 Ultrasonic Atomic Force Microscopy
307(32)
Kazushi Yamanaka
Toshihiro Tsuji
12.1 Introduction
307(1)
12.2 Principle
307(4)
12.2.1 Forced Vibration of Cantilever from the Base
307(1)
12.2.2 Quantitative Information, Directional Control, and Resonance Frequency Tracking
308(1)
12.2.3 Effective Enhancement of Cantilever Stiffness
309(1)
12.2.4 Criterion to Avoid Plastic Deformation
309(2)
12.3 Theory
311(9)
12.3.1 Overview
311(1)
12.3.2 Linear Analysis of Stiffness and the Q Factor
312(2)
12.3.3 Linear Theory of Subsurface Imaging
314(2)
12.3.4 Advantage of Appropriate Load
316(1)
12.3.5 Nonlinear Analysis of Spectra
316(2)
12.3.6 Duffing Model
318(1)
12.3.7 Numerical Model with Double Nodes
319(1)
12.4 Instrumentation
320(2)
12.5 Experiments
322(3)
12.5.1 Effort to Avoid Nonlinearity at Tip-Sample Contact
322(1)
12.5.2 Relation between UAFM and UFM
323(1)
12.5.3 Quantitative Evaluation of Elasticity
324(1)
12.6 Observation of Defects in Layered Materials
325(10)
12.6.1 Defects in Graphene Sheets
325(3)
12.6.2 Dislocation in Molybdenum Disulfide
328(1)
12.6.3 Observation of Dislocation Behavior under Different Loads
329(2)
12.6.4 Analysis of Dislocation Motion under Varying Applied Load
331(2)
12.6.5 Model for the Reversible Long-Range Motion of Dislocation
333(1)
12.6.6 Delamination in Microelectronic and Mechanical Devices
334(1)
12.7 Conclusion
335(4)
References
336(3)
13 Acoustical Near-Field Imaging
339(32)
Walter Arnold
13.1 Principle of Near-Field Imaging
339(3)
13.1.1 Early Systems of Acoustical Near-Field Imaging
339(3)
13.2 Near-Field Acoustical Imaging and Atomic Force Microscopy
342(29)
13.2.1 Force Modulation
343(1)
13.2.2 Local Acceleration Microscopy
344(1)
13.2.3 Pulsed-Force Microscopy
345(1)
13.2.4 Atomic Force Acoustic Microscopy or AFM Contact-Resonance Imaging
345(1)
13.2.4.1 Principle of Operation
345(1)
13.2.4.2 Flexural Cantilever Resonances
346(4)
13.2.4.3 Relationship of Contact Stiffness to Indentation Modulus
350(6)
13.2.4.4 Torsional Resonances
356(1)
13.2.4.5 Piezo-mode Imaging
357(1)
13.2.4.6 Nonlinear Contact Resonances and Related Phenomena
358(1)
13.2.4.7 Subsurface Imaging Using Contact Resonances
359(3)
Acknowledgment
362(1)
References
362(9)
Index 371
Roman Maev is a celebrated academic scientist, scholar and administrator. He is founding General Director of The Institute for Diagnostic Imaging Research in Ontario, a multi-disciplinary, collaborative research and innovation consortium. His research interests include theoretical fundamentals of physical acoustics, experimental research in ultrasonic and nonlinear acoustical imaging, and the theory of propagation of waves through layered structures. Professor Maev has published 13 books, over 320 articles, holds twenty-three patents, and received numerous awards.
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