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APIL Clinical Negligence 2nd New edition [Paperback / softback]

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  • Format: Paperback / softback, 602 pages, height x width: 246x156 mm
  • Pub. Date: 27-Nov-2014
  • Publisher: Jordan Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1846618223
  • ISBN-13: 9781846618222
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APIL Clinical Negligence 2nd New editionLarger Image
  • Format: Paperback / softback, 602 pages, height x width: 246x156 mm
  • Pub. Date: 27-Nov-2014
  • Publisher: Jordan Publishing
  • ISBN-10: 1846618223
  • ISBN-13: 9781846618222
Other books in subject:
Permanent link: https://www.kriso.ee/db/9781846618222.html
Keywords:
Written by a team of leading clinical negligence lawyers and other professionals, this legal guide focuses on the key and developing areas of clinical negligence in the UK, including medical product claims. The book combines know-how about conducting these claims with the latest thinking on new and developing areas of practice. This second edition has been substantially revised to take account of: the UK's new Coroners Rules 2013 * funding post-Jackson * recent UK case-law, such as AB v MoD (limitation); O'Byrne v Aventis Pasteur MSD (medical products); and Aintree University Hospitals NHS Trust v James (medical treatment) * case management - new standard directions for clinical negligence * changes to CPR affecting chapters on Experts, Part 36 and Damages. The Appendices include a glossary of medical abbreviations, suggested model directions in clinical negligence cases, and a comprehensive list of useful UK contact addresses. The result is a highly practical work, offering detailed guidance and expert legal analysis that will be essential reading for all active and potential clinical negligence lawyers and should be of interest to those medical practitioners interested in the role of the expert witness in these cases. [ Subject: Personal Injury Law, Medical Law]
Preface to the Second Edition v
Preface to the First Edition vii
Association of Personal Injury Lawyers (APIL) xi
Contributors xiii
Table of Cases xxxi
Table of Statutes xlv
Table of Statutory Instruments xlix
Chapter 1 Coping with Trauma 1(12)
1.1 What is trauma?
1(1)
1.2 Individual reactions
2(1)
Anger
2(1)
Physical symptoms
2(1)
Vulnerability
2(1)
1.3 Recovery
3(1)
1.4 Dealing with the traumatised client
3(6)
Telephone interviewing strategies
4(1)
Interview room strategies
5(3)
Homework
8(1)
Time
8(1)
What not to do!
9(1)
1.5 Coping strategies for interviewers
9(1)
1.6 Referral agencies
10(2)
Top Tips
12(1)
Chapter 2 Medical Records 13(16)
2.1 Obtaining the records
13(4)
Surviving patients
13(2)
Right to privacy
15(1)
Fees
15(1)
Failure to disclose
16(1)
2.2 Deceased patients
17(2)
Right to privacy
17(1)
GP records
18(1)
Fees
18(1)
2.3 The records
19(1)
X-rays
19(1)
Accuracy
19(1)
2.4 Applying for records
20(1)
GP records
20(1)
NHS trust hospital records
20(1)
Private treatment
20(1)
2.5 Amending records
20(1)
2.6 Complaints and inquiry records
21(1)
2.7 Contents of medical records
21(5)
GP records
21(2)
Checking the records
21(1)
Sorting the records
22(1)
Cross-checking
22(1)
Hospital records
23(2)
Checking the records
23(1)
Sorting the records
23(2)
Cross-checking
25(1)
Pagination
25(1)
Chronology
26(1)
2.8 Understanding the records
26(2)
Supplying records
26(1)
Hearsay evidence
26(2)
Abbreviations
28(1)
Top Tips
28(1)
Chapter 3 NHS Complaints Procedure and Redress 29(16)
3.1 Introduction
29(1)
3.2 Services covered by the NHS complaint procedure
30(1)
3.3 Stage One: local resolution
30(3)
Time limits
30(1)
The process
31(1)
Meetings
31(1)
Serious Untoward Investigations — SUIs
32(1)
3.4 Stage Two: the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman
33(1)
Making a complaint to the Parliamentary and Health Service Ombudsman
34(1)
Potential outcome of the NHS complaint procedure
34(1)
3.5 Appeals
34(1)
3.6 Recent or forthcoming changes to the NHS complaints procedure
35(3)
The Care Quality Commission
35(1)
Healthwatch
35(1)
Redress
36(1)
The Francis Report 2013 and more recently the Clwyd-Hart Report on NHS complaints published in November 2013
37(1)
3.7 Professional regulations
38(4)
The General Medical Council Complaints Procedure
38(2)
What will the GMC investigate?
39(1)
Possible action by the GMC
39(1)
What the GMC cannot do
39(1)
Nursing and Midwifery Council complaints procedure
40(1)
What will the NMC investigate?
40(1)
Possible sanctions by the NMC
41(1)
Other professional organisations
41(1)
Complaints about private health treatment
41(1)
Other organisations that can help
42(1)
Top Tips
42(3)
Chapter 4 The Funding of Clinical Negligence Claims 45(36)
4.1 Initial instructions and funding
45(6)
The retainer
45(1)
Pre-screening work
46(1)
Available funding options
46(1)
Preliminary investigations
47(1)
The Solicitors Code of Conduct
48(3)
4.2 Alternative methods of funding cases
51(23)
Private client
51(1)
Cases funded with legal expenses insurance
51(4)
Fundamental terms
51(1)
Scope of policy
52(1)
Panel solicitors
53(1)
Retainer
53(1)
Acting for a BTE client under a CFA
54(1)
Continuing duties to insurer
55(1)
Cases funded by trade unions
55(1)
Cases funded by 'litigation funding' or 'third party funding'
56(1)
Cases funded by litigation loans
57(1)
Cases funded with public funding
57(7)
Overview
57(1)
Neurological birth injuries
57(2)
Exceptional funding
59(1)
VHCC contracts
59(2)
Prescribed rates for lawyers
61(1)
Prescribed rates for experts
62(1)
Notice of public funding
63(1)
Costs protection in publicly funded cases
63(1)
Public funding or CFA?
63(1)
Cases funded with conditional fee agreements
64(8)
Statutory requirements
64(1)
Conditional Fee Agreements Order 2013
65(2)
Risk assessment
67(1)
Setting success fees under CFAs made on or after 1 April 2013
67(2)
Base costs
69(1)
Form of the CFA
70(1)
Transfer of cases
70(1)
Cancellation of Contracts made in a Consumer's Home or Place of Work etc Regulations 2008 and the Consumer Contracts (Information, Cancellation and Additional Charges) Regulations 2013
71(1)
Counsel
72(1)
Cases funded by damages-based agreements
72(2)
4.3 Adverse costs
74(3)
Qualified one-way costs shifting
74(2)
Before the event insurance policy
76(1)
After the event insurance
76(1)
4.4 Client's personal risk and/or solicitor indemnity
77(2)
4.5 Client remedies
79(1)
Top Tips
79(2)
Chapter 5 The Inquest 81(36)
5.1 Background
81(2)
History
81(1)
Statute
82(1)
Office
83(1)
5.2 Jurisdiction
83(1)
5.3 The post-mortem
84(3)
The pathologist
85(1)
A second post-mortem?
85(1)
Releasing the body
86(1)
The post-mortem report
87(1)
5.4 The inquest
87(11)
The issues
87(1)
Opening
88(1)
The pre-inquest review hearing
88(1)
The resumed hearing
89(1)
Documents
90(1)
Advance disclosure
91(1)
Unused material
92(1)
Briefing relatives
92(1)
Interested party
93(1)
Jury
94(1)
The extent of the inquiry
94(1)
Article 2 ECHR
94(1)
Criteria for compliance
95(1)
Conditions for engagement
96(1)
Witnesses
97(1)
Examination
97(1)
5.6 Experts
98(1)
5.7 The determination
99(5)
Unlawful killing
100(1)
Accidental death
101(1)
Neglect
101(2)
Narrative verdict
103(1)
5.8 Content of determination
104(1)
Recommendations
104(1)
5.9 Funding
105(7)
Public funding
105(2)
Obtaining exceptional funding
107(2)
Extent of funding
109(1)
Funding limitations
109(2)
The statutory charge
109(1)
Contribution
110(1)
Recovering inquest costs
111(1)
5.10 After the inquest
112(3)
Complaining
112(1)
Challenging the coroner
112(1)
Judicial review
113(1)
Section 13 applications
114(1)
Human Rights Act 1998
114(1)
Costs of a challenge
114(1)
Protective costs order
115(1)
Top Tips
115(2)
Chapter 6 Medical Treatment and Human Rights 117(40)
6.1 The right of inviolability of person
117(7)
ECHR and autonomy
118(1)
Application of the right of autonomy
119(3)
Sanctity of life, autonomy, and reconciliation of conflicting moral principles
122(2)
6.2 Capacity, necessity and best interests
124(7)
Capacity
124(1)
Necessity
125(1)
Capacity at common law
126(1)
Capacity and the Mental Capacity Act 2005
127(2)
Best interests under MCA 2005
129(2)
Section 5: acts in connection with care or treatment
131(1)
6.3 The right to medical treatment on the NHS
131(12)
Public law 'rights' to treatment — exceptional circumstances
133(2)
Challenges to government guidance
135(2)
Other sources of guidance
137(1)
Summary
138(1)
A right to treatment abroad
138(4)
The case for treatment abroad under Article 56 TFEU (formerly Article 49 EC)
140(2)
Overseas visitors — rights to treatment
142(1)
6.4 Right to life — the common law and Human Rights Act 1998
143(11)
The value and sanctity of life
145(2)
Assisted suicide
147(5)
Doctor assisted suicide and double effect
150(2)
Advance directives/decisions — refusals
152(2)
Advance decisions — requests
153(1)
Conclusions
154(1)
Top Tips
154(3)
Chapter 7 The Duty of Care, Standard of Care and Establishing Breach of Duty 157(24)
7.1 Duty
157(6)
Clinician
157(1)
Institutional health care provider
157(1)
Joint liability and contribution
158(1)
Contract
158(1)
Duty to third parties
159(1)
Provision of health care abroad and NHS care in private institutions
160(2)
Expert witnesses
162(1)
Scope of the duty of care
163(1)
7.2 What is the appropriate standard of care?
163(6)
Bolam
163(1)
Bolitho
164(1)
Specialist
165(1)
Inexperience
166(1)
Limits to Bolam
166(1)
Prevention of self-harm
167(1)
Disclosure of risks
167(2)
7.3 Psychiatric injury
169(1)
7.4 Economic loss
170(1)
7.5 Communication negligence
171(2)
7.6 Defences
173(2)
Contributory negligence
173(1)
Volenti non fit injuria
174(1)
Illegality
175(1)
7.7 Establishing breach
175(4)
Absence of practice
177(1)
Departure from usual practice
177(1)
Res ipsa loquitur
177(1)
Errors of judgment
178(1)
Top Tips
179(2)
Chapter 8 Causation 181(18)
8.1 Standard of proof and causation of loss in damages assessment
181(1)
8.2 Touchstone principles
181(2)
8.3 Standard of proof: the balance of probabilities test
183(1)
8.4 Causation and the application of the balance of probabilities test
184(6)
8.5 Material contribution causation and quantification of damages
190(3)
8.6 Apportionment of damages for material contribution
193(3)
8.7 The eggshell skull principle and second torts
196(2)
Top Tips
198(1)
Chapter 9 Limitation 199(36)
9.1 Limitation and claims involving personal injury
199(2)
Litigation risk
200(1)
Case planning for claimants
200(1)
Case planning for defendants
200(1)
9.2 Disability — meaning and effect
201(1)
Minors
201(1)
Mental incapacity
201(1)
9.3 Assault and trespass cases
202(1)
9.4 Limitation and the Human Rights Act 1998
203(3)
Time-limits for applications
203(1)
Article 6 and the Limitation Act 1980
204(2)
9.5 Products: Consumer Protection Act 1987
206(1)
9.6 Amendments outside the limitation period
207(1)
9.7 Limitation and the Fatal Accidents Act 1976
207(1)
9.8 Date of knowledge
208(3)
The statutory provisions
208(1)
Utility of these provisions
209(1)
Approach to these provisions
209(1)
Burden of proof
210(1)
9.9 Components of knowledge
211(6)
Knowledge of what?
211(1)
Significant injury
211(3)
The injury
211(1)
'Significant'
212(1)
An objective test
212(2)
Attributability
214(3)
The meaning of 'attributable to'
214(1)
Identifying a relevant act
215(1)
Identifying a relevant omission
215(1)
The acquisition of knowledge without expert advice
215(1)
Expert advice
216(1)
Identity of the defendant
217(1)
9.10 The quality of knowledge
217(1)
Knowing or believing?
217(1)
Knowledge is not lost
218(1)
Whose knowledge?
218(1)
9.11 Constructive knowledge
218(2)
Section 14(3) sets out an objective test
218(1)
The reasonable claimant
218(2)
9.12 Applications under s 33 of the Limitation Act 1980
220(13)
Overview
220(1)
The discretion under s 33
220(2)
Section 33(3)(a): delay
222(3)
Section 33(3)(b): cogency of the evidence
225(4)
Cogency issues: witness evidence
227(1)
Cogency issues: documentary evidence
228(1)
Section 33(3)(c): the defendant's conduct
229(1)
Section 33(3)(d): the duration of any disability of the claimant
229(1)
Section 33(3)(e): prompt and reasonable action by the claimant
230(1)
Section 33(3)(f): steps taken by the claimant to obtain expert evidence
231(1)
Additional Factors: the merits and value of the claim
231(2)
Top Tips
233(2)
Chapter 10 Claims Involving Medical Products 235(20)
10.1 Introduction
235(1)
Product liability
235(1)
10.2 Sources of law
236(2)
The Consumer Protection Act 1987
236(1)
The Product Liability Directive
237(1)
10.3 Applicable law
238(11)
Essential features
238(1)
What is a product?
239(1)
The producer and intermediate supplier liability
240(1)
Is the product 'defective'?
240(4)
Causation
244(1)
Damage
244(1)
Defences
245(3)
He did not put the product into circulation
245(1)
The defect did not exist when he put the product into circulation
245(1)
The product was not made or distributed for a commercial or economic purpose
246(1)
The defect is due to regulatory compliance
246(1)
The state of scientific and technical knowledge did not enable the defect to be discovered
246(2)
Producer of components not liable for defect of product as a whole
248(1)
Contributory negligence
248(1)
Claims for contribution
249(1)
10.4 Limitation
249(2)
Primary limitation period
249(1)
Suspension, interruption and discretionary extension of the limitation period
249(1)
Law reform and Fatal Accidents Act claims
250(1)
The long-stop
250(1)
10.5 Pleading the case
251(2)
The particulars of claim
251(1)
The defence
252(1)
The reply
253(1)
10.6 Alternative causes of action in private medicine
253(1)
Top Tips
253(2)
Chapter 11 The Clinical Negligence Pre-Action Protocol 255(28)
11.1 General commentary
255(6)
11.2 Medical records — commentary
261(3)
'Within 40 days' (paras 3.9 and 3.12)
262(1)
Access to Health Records Act 1990
262(1)
Data Protection Act 1998
262(1)
Cost
262(1)
Health records from a third party (para 3.13)
263(1)
11.3 Letter of claim — commentary
264(4)
Recommended contents (para 3.19)
264(2)
'Not intended to have ... formal status' (para 3.20)
266(1)
'Four months' (para 3.21)
267(1)
'Offer to settle' (para 3.22)
267(1)
11.4 The response — commentary
268(1)
'Letter of response' (para 3.23)
268(1)
'Within four months' (para 3.25)
268(1)
'Admissions will be binding' (para 3.25)
268(1)
'Respond to that offer' (para 3.26)
269(1)
11.5 Experts — commentary
269(1)
Use of experts (para 4.2)
270(1)
11.6 Alternative dispute resolution — commentary
270(13)
Chapter 12 Case Management Directions 283(40)
12.1 Directions questionnaires
283(3)
12.2 Directions
286(27)
Deadlines in directions
286(1)
Standard directions
287(1)
Allocation
288(1)
Preservation of evidence
289(1)
Maintenance of records and reports
289(1)
Trial of preliminary issue
289(2)
Disclosure and inspection
291(1)
Witness statements
292(2)
Statements of treating doctors
292(2)
Experts
294(8)
Permission to adduce expert evidence
294(2)
Choice between separately or jointly instructed experts
296(3)
Number of experts per specialism
299(1)
Exchange of expert evidence
300(1)
Permission to call experts at trial
301(1)
Medical literature
302(1)
Conflicts of interest
302(1)
Experts' discussions
302(6)
Purpose of experts' discussions
304(1)
Attendance by solicitors at experts' discussions
304(2)
Agendas for experts' discussions
306(1)
Requirement to advise experts of the timetable
307(1)
Schedules
308(3)
Preliminary outline schedule
309(1)
Service of schedules
310(1)
Trial directions
311(1)
Alternative dispute resolution
312(1)
Review CMC/pre-trial review
313(1)
12.3 Problem areas in directions
313(6)
Variation by agreement
313(1)
The claimant's case manager
314(1)
Statutory services provision
315(3)
Periodical payments
318(1)
Financial advisers
318(1)
12.4 Pre-trial checklists
319(2)
Timetable for trial
320(1)
Top Tips
321(2)
Chapter 13 Experts 323(24)
13.1 Introduction
323(1)
13.2 Choice of experts
323(2)
13.3 The number of experts
325(2)
13.4 Finding and approaching new experts
327(1)
13.5 Joint or single experts
328(2)
13.6 Instructing the expert
330(1)
Documents
330(1)
The letter of instruction
331(1)
13.7 Review of expert evidence
331(4)
Initial review of expert evidence
331(1)
Directions in relation to expert evidence
332(1)
Review of pleadings by experts
333(1)
Review of expert evidence in the context of exchanged factual evidence
333(2)
13.8 Exchange of expert evidence
335(1)
The expert report
335(1)
Review of the exchanged expert evidence
335(1)
13.9 Clarification of expert evidence under the provisions of CPR Part 35.6
336(1)
13.10 Expert discussions
336(8)
CPR 35.12
336(1)
When should expert discussions take place?
337(1)
Model directions
338(1)
Format and timing of expert discussions
338(1)
The agenda
339(2)
Expert preparation for discussion
341(1)
The joint statement
341(2)
Lawyers at expert discussions
343(1)
13.11 Review of outcome of expert discussions
344(1)
13.12 Pre-trial preparation with experts
344(1)
13.13 Consecutive expert evidence: 'hot tubbing'
344(1)
13.14 Trial
345(1)
Top Tips
346(1)
Chapter 14 Instructing an Expert: A Medic's Perspective 347(10)
14.1 Introduction
347(1)
14.2 Which expert?
347(2)
14.3 The letter of approach
349(1)
14.4 'Brief preliminary' reports
350(1)
14.5 The witness statement(s)
350(1)
14.6 The documents and the final letter of instruction
351(1)
14.7 On receipt of the report
352(1)
14.8 Deadlines
352(1)
14.9 Conference with counsel
353(1)
14.10 Availability of experts
353(1)
14.11 Teamwork
353(1)
14.12 Immunity from suit
354(1)
Top Tips
355(2)
Chapter 15 Part 36 Offers 357(42)
15.1 Introduction
357(1)
15.2 General principles
357(1)
The forensic approach
357(1)
Scope of Part 36 offers
357(1)
Offers on issues
358(1)
Offers in appeals
358(1)
Offers in costs proceedings
358(1)
15.3 Making a Part 36 offer
358(10)
Service
361(1)
How to make a Part 36 offer
362(1)
Failure to comply with form and content
362(1)
Reviewing a Part 36 offer
363(1)
Costs inclusive offers
364(1)
'Total capitulation' offers
364(1)
Offers without adequate CRU information
365(1)
Other ineffective offers
365(1)
Clarification
366(1)
Multiple defendants
367(1)
Single sum of money
368(1)
Format
368(1)
15.4 Withdrawing and changing a Part 36 offer
368(4)
Withdrawing a Part 36 offer
369(1)
Changing a Part 36 offer
370(1)
Tactics on withdrawing or changing a Part 36 offer
370(1)
When to withdraw an offer
371(1)
When to change an offer
371(1)
When to make a new offer
371(1)
How to withdraw or change a Part 36 offer
372(1)
15.5 Accepting a Part 36 offer
372(11)
Multiple defendants
373(1)
CRU
373(1)
Fatal claims
373(1)
During the trial
373(1)
After the trial
374(1)
Approval
374(1)
Exercise of discretion for permission
375(1)
When permission to accept is not required
375(1)
Acceptance with multiple defendants
376(1)
Acceptance with multiple offers
376(1)
Acceptance after earlier rejection
377(1)
How to accept a Part 36 offer
377(1)
Ineffective acceptance
378(1)
Agreement or agreement to agree?
378(1)
Acceptance or counter offer?
379(1)
Strike out
379(1)
Judgment
379(1)
Compromise
380(1)
General discretion and mistake
380(1)
Action following acceptance
380(1)
Effect of acceptance
381(1)
Timescale for payment
381(1)
Enforcement
382(1)
Indemnity
382(1)
15.6 Costs consequences of Part 36 offers
383(6)
Preliminaries to costs consequences under Part 36
383(1)
Costs consequences on acceptance of a Part 36 offer within the relevant period
384(1)
Costs consequences on acceptance of a Part 36 offer after the relevant period
384(1)
Claimant accepting late
385(2)
Defendant accepting late
387(2)
15.7 Costs consequences of a Part 36 offer on judgment (whole claim)
389(1)
15.7.1 Judgment
389(9)
Consequences for the defendant
390(1)
Consequences for the claimant
390(1)
Costs consequences of withdrawn or changed Part 36 offers
391(1)
'Unjust'?
392(2)
'Advantageous'?
394(2)
Costs consequences of a Part 36 offer after judgment on a preliminary issue
396(2)
2013 transitional provisions
398(1)
Top Tips
398(1)
Chapter 16 Mediation and ADR 399(26)
16.1 Why have mediation and ADR become so important?
399(1)
Historical context
399(1)
16.2 What is meant by mediation?
400(1)
16.3 What other forms of ADR are there in clinical negligence claims?
400(1)
16.4 The legal framework
400(7)
The government's stance in the drive for mediation and ADR
400(2)
The role of the judiciary
402(1)
The decision in Halsey v Milton Keynes General NHS Trust
402(2)
What did the Court of Appeal lay down in terms of general principles?
403(1)
The ADR/mediation case management orders made in clinical negligence cases
404(1)
Decisions post Halsey
404(3)
Do the courts make ADR in some form inevitable?
407(1)
16.5 ADR by means of a round table meeting
407(3)
Why a round table meeting?
407(1)
What happens at a round table meeting?
408(1)
What needs to be done before such a meeting?
408(1)
The role of the lay client
409(1)
The possible perils of not being prepared
410(1)
16.6 Mediation — the practical experience
410(4)
Setting the stage — why a mediation?
410(1)
What can such a mediator bring that is genuinely 'added value'?
411(1)
Choosing your mediator
412(1)
The lead up to a mediation
412(2)
16.7 The mediation itself
414(2)
The opening session
414(1)
The private sessions
415(1)
The outcome
416(1)
16.8 Examples of ADR in practice in multi party action cases
416(2)
16.9 Some potential pitfalls and problems of mediation and ADR
418(2)
Confidentiality and privilege
418(1)
Getting the agreement right
419(1)
The costs — are they a bar to a mediation at all or can they be kept down?
419(1)
16.10 Conclusion
420(1)
Appendix
421(2)
Top Tips
423(2)
Chapter 17 Entitlement to Damages 425(18)
17.1 Introduction
425(1)
17.2 Claiming compensation
425(1)
17.3 General and special damages
426(1)
17.4 Redress and worth in clinical negligence actions
426(1)
17.5 The evolution of schedules of loss
427(1)
The need for a schedule of loss and basic guidance
428(1)
17.6 Components of a schedule
428(14)
General damages
430(1)
Assessment of general damages
431(2)
Interest on general damages
433(1)
Past economic losses
433(1)
Interest on past loss
433(1)
Future loss (multipliers and multiplicands)
434(4)
Changes to the 'lump sum' principle, leading to periodical payments
438(3)
Aggravated and exemplary damages
441(1)
Top Tips
442(1)
Chapter 18 Schedules of Loss 443(14)
18.1 Preparing a schedule of loss
443(13)
Claimants witness evidence
443(1)
Types of schedule
444(1)
Content of a detailed schedule of loss
444(8)
Past loss of income
444(1)
Past expenses
445(1)
Gratuitous care
446(1)
Aids and equipment
446(1)
Holidays
446(1)
Interest on past losses
446(1)
Future loss of income
447(1)
Smith v Manchester Corporation
447(1)
Future care cost valued commercially
447(1)
Pension loss
448(2)
Accommodation
450(2)
Fatal claims
452(3)
Lost years
455(1)
Top Tips
456(1)
Chapter 19 Current Issues in the Assessment of Damages 457(14)
19.1 Introduction
457(1)
19.2 Periodical payments
458(1)
19.3 Indexation
459(4)
19.4 DCA Consultation Paper The Law on Damages
463(6)
Wrongful death and bereavement damages (Chapters 1 and 2)
464(1)
Psychiatric illness (Chapter 3)
464(1)
Collateral benefits and gratuitous care (Chapter 4)
465(1)
Cost of private care (Chapter 5)
465(3)
Accommodation expenses (Chapter 6)
468(1)
19.4.6 The 10 per cent increase in general damages
469(1)
Top Tips
469(2)
Appendix 1 Medical Glossary 471(20)
Appendix 2 Sample Clinical Notes 491(4)
1 Sample Clinical Notes with Medical Abbreviations
492(1)
2 Sample Clinical Notes in Full
493(2)
Appendix 3 Model Directions for Clinical Negligence Cases (2012) — before Master Roberts and Master Cook 495(28)
Appendix 4 Useful Organisations 523(14)
Index 537
Paul Balen Consultant, Freeth Cartwright LLP