| Preface |
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xvii | |
| Units and symbols |
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xviii | |
| Glossary |
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xix | |
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1 | (15) |
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Terminology of number systems |
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1 | (1) |
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1 | (3) |
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Addition and subtraction of decimals |
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2 | (1) |
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Multiplication and division -- decimals |
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2 | (2) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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4 | (1) |
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Powers and roots and standard form |
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4 | (1) |
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General rules for indices |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Multiplying and dividing numbers in standard form |
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5 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (2) |
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6 | (1) |
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Fractions and whole numbers |
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6 | (1) |
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Combined addition and subtraction |
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7 | (1) |
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Multiplication and division of fractions |
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7 | (1) |
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Order of performing operations in problems involving fractions |
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7 | (1) |
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Ratio and proportion. Percentages |
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8 | (2) |
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Examples of ratios in vehicle technology |
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8 | (2) |
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10 | (1) |
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Most significant bit (MSB) |
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10 | (1) |
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10 | (1) |
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Converting base 10 numbers to binary |
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10 | (1) |
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Uses of binary numbers in vehicle systems |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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Rules for dealing with directed numbers |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (4) |
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Statistics -- An introduction |
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16 | (13) |
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16 | (1) |
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Collecting and sorting raw data |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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Descriptive statistics -- pictographs |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Interpreting data. Statistical inference |
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19 | (1) |
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Frequency and tally charts |
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19 | (1) |
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The tally chart and frequency distribution |
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19 | (1) |
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Importance of the shape of a frequency distribution |
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20 | (2) |
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20 | (1) |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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Features of the population that are looked for in a sample |
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22 | (1) |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (3) |
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Importance of the normal distribution |
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24 | (1) |
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Other ways of viewing frequency distributions -- quartiles, deciles, percentiles |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (12) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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Algebraic expressions and simplification |
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30 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (2) |
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31 | (2) |
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Transposition of formulae |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (2) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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38 | (3) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (1) |
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Exercises -- Section 3.10 |
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38 | (3) |
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Geometry and trigonometry |
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41 | (17) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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41 | (1) |
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Examples of angles in automotive work |
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42 | (2) |
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43 | (1) |
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Adding and subtracting angles |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Labelling sides and angles of a triangle |
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46 | (1) |
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Sum of the three angles of a triangle |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Ratio of diameter and circumference π |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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Wheel revolutions and distance travelled |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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48 | (1) |
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Using sines, cosines and tangents |
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49 | (3) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (1) |
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52 | (1) |
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52 | (6) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (3) |
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58 | (10) |
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58 | (1) |
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Types of force -- examples |
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58 | (1) |
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58 | (1) |
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Graphical representation of a force |
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58 | (1) |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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60 | (1) |
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61 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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Pressure in hydraulic systems |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (1) |
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65 | (3) |
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Materials -- Stress, strain, elasticity |
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68 | (11) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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68 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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Examples of stress and strain |
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70 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Stress, strain, elasticity |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Other terms used in describing materials |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (1) |
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77 | (2) |
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Levers and moments, torque and gears |
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79 | (10) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (2) |
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81 | (1) |
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A practical application of the bell crank lever |
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81 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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Gear trains: calculating gear ratios |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
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Work energy, power and machines |
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89 | (10) |
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89 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Work done by a constantly varying force |
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90 | (2) |
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Mid-ordinate method for calculating work done |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Kinetic energy of rotation |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (3) |
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94 | (1) |
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Velocity ratio (movement ratio) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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Work done against friction |
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95 | (1) |
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A steering mechanism as a machine |
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95 | (2) |
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97 | (1) |
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98 | (1) |
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99 | (14) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (1) |
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100 | (3) |
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100 | (1) |
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101 | (2) |
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103 | (4) |
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Drum brake -- basic principle |
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103 | (1) |
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103 | (2) |
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105 | (1) |
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106 | (1) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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Inclined plane without friction |
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108 | (1) |
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Inclined plane with friction |
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108 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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109 | (1) |
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Friction in a journal bearing |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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111 | (2) |
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Velocity and acceleration, speed |
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113 | (7) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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Equations of motion and their application to vehicle technology |
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114 | (1) |
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Force, mass and acceleration |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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Relation between mass and weight |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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Angular (circular) motion |
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116 | (1) |
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Equations of angular motion |
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116 | (1) |
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Relation between angular and linear velocity |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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118 | (1) |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (12) |
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Load transfer under acceleration |
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120 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Vehicle under acceleration |
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121 | (1) |
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Vehicle acceleration -- effect of load transfer |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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Maximum acceleration -- rear wheel drive |
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123 | (1) |
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Four wheel drive -- fixed |
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123 | (1) |
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Four wheel drive -- with third differential |
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123 | (1) |
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Accelerating force -- tractive effort |
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123 | (1) |
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123 | (1) |
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Power required to propel vehicle |
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124 | (2) |
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124 | (2) |
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Forces on a vehicle on a gradient -- gradient resistance |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (2) |
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Vehicle power on a gradient |
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128 | (1) |
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Vehicle on a curved track |
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128 | (2) |
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128 | (2) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (1) |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (16) |
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132 | (1) |
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Balance of rotating masses acting in the same plane (coplanar) |
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132 | (1) |
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Balancing of a number of forces acting in the same plane of revolution (coplanar forces) |
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133 | (1) |
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134 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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Balance in a single-cylinder engine |
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135 | (1) |
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Primary and secondary forces |
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136 | (1) |
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Graph of primary and secondary forces |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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Balance of rotating parts of the single cylinder engine |
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138 | (1) |
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Four-cylinder in-line engine balance |
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139 | (1) |
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Couples and distance between crank throws |
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139 | (1) |
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Simple harmonic motion (SHM) |
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139 | (2) |
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141 | (1) |
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Vibration of a helical coil spring |
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141 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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Example of free vibrations |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (3) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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144 | (1) |
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144 | (2) |
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146 | (1) |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (10) |
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148 | (1) |
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Thermodynamic temperature scale (Kelvin) |
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148 | (1) |
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Cooling system temperature |
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148 | (1) |
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Standard temperature and pressure (STP) |
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148 | (1) |
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148 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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Heating, expansion and compression of gases |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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Laws relating to the compression and expansion of gases |
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151 | (3) |
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Heating a gas at constant volume |
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151 | (1) |
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Heating a gas at constant pressure |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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Expansion or compression at constant temperature -- isothermal |
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152 | (1) |
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General law pVn = C. expansion of gas |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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Adiabatic expansion pVγ = C. expansion of gas |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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153 | (1) |
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General equations relating to expansion of gases |
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154 | (1) |
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Pressure--volume (pV) diagrams |
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154 | (1) |
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Work done during expansion or compression of a gas |
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154 | (1) |
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Work done during hyperbolic expansion |
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154 | (1) |
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Work done during expansion where pVn = C |
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154 | (1) |
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Work done during adiabatic expansion where pVγ = C |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (1) |
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155 | (3) |
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Internal combustion engines |
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158 | (14) |
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158 | (1) |
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158 | (1) |
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Dynamometers for high-speed engines |
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159 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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160 | (1) |
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Calculation of indicated power |
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161 | (1) |
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Cylinder pressure vs. crank angle |
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162 | (2) |
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Mechanical efficiency of an engine |
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164 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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Characteristic curves of engine performance |
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164 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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Specific fuel consumption vs. engine speed |
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166 | (1) |
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Brake power, torque and sfc compared |
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167 | (1) |
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Brake mean effective pressure |
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167 | (1) |
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168 | (1) |
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Indicated thermal efficiency |
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168 | (1) |
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Brake thermal efficiency petrol vs. diesel |
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168 | (1) |
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169 | (1) |
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Effect of altitude on engine performance |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (1) |
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170 | (2) |
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Theoretical engine cycles |
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172 | (12) |
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The constant volume cycle (Otto cycle) |
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172 | (2) |
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Thermal efficiency of the theoretical Otto cycle |
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173 | (1) |
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Thermal efficiency in terms of compression ratio r |
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173 | (1) |
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Effect of compression ratio on thermal efficiency |
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174 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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Diesel or constant pressure cycle |
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175 | (1) |
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The dual combustion cycle |
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176 | (1) |
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Operation of dual combustion cycle |
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176 | (1) |
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Comparison between theoretical and practical engine cycles |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (2) |
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The Stirling engine regenerator |
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178 | (1) |
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A double-acting Stirling engine |
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179 | (1) |
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180 | (2) |
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182 | (1) |
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182 | (2) |
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Fuels and combustion & emissions |
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184 | (12) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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Relevant combustion equations |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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Compression ignition engine combustion chambers |
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186 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Factors affecting exhaust emissions |
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188 | (1) |
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European emissions standards |
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189 | (1) |
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Emissions and their causes |
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189 | (1) |
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Methods of controlling exhaust emissions |
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190 | (3) |
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Exhaust gas recirculation |
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191 | (1) |
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191 | (1) |
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Diesel particulate filters |
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192 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) |
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193 | (1) |
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193 | (1) |
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Zero emissions vehicles (ZEVs) |
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194 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (20) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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Conductors and insulators |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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Electrical power sources -- producing electricity |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (1) |
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Effects of electric current -- using electricity |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (2) |
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198 | (1) |
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198 | (1) |
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Direction of current flow |
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198 | (2) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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200 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (1) |
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Alternative method of finding total current in a circuit containing resistors in parallel |
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202 | (1) |
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Measuring current and voltage |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Temperature coefficient of resistance |
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203 | (1) |
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Negative temperature coefficient |
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203 | (1) |
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Electricity and magnetism |
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203 | (2) |
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203 | (1) |
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The magnetic effect of an electric current |
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204 | (1) |
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Direction of the magnetic field due to an electric current in a straight conductor |
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204 | (1) |
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Magnetic field caused by a coil of wire |
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205 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Electromagnetic induction |
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205 | (1) |
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The electric motor effect |
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206 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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207 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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Applications of alternating current |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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Time constant for an inductive circuit |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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211 | (1) |
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Contact breaker ignition circuit |
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211 | (1) |
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Capacitive discharge ignition system |
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211 | (1) |
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Capacitors in parallel and series |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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213 | (3) |
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216 | (13) |
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216 | (1) |
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216 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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Behaviour of a p--n junction diode |
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217 | (1) |
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Diode protection resistor |
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218 | (1) |
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Negative temperature coefficient of resistance -- semiconductor |
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218 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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Light emitting diode (LED) |
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219 | (1) |
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Voltage and current in an LED |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (2) |
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Basic operation of transistor |
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220 | (1) |
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Current gain in transistor |
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220 | (1) |
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Current flow in transistors |
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220 | (1) |
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Transistor circuit used in automotive applications |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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222 | (1) |
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223 | (1) |
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223 | (2) |
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Control unit (computer) inputs and outputs |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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225 | (1) |
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225 | (2) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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227 | (2) |
| Answers to self-assessment questions |
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229 | (6) |
| Index |
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235 | |
Rohkem infot Taylor & Francis e-raamatute kohta