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E-raamat: Avian Evolution - The Fossil Record of Birds and its Paleobiological Significance: The Fossil Record of Birds and its Paleobiological Significance [Wiley Online]

  • Formaat: 320 pages
  • Sari: TOPA Topics in Paleobiology
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Nov-2016
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119020670
  • ISBN-13: 9781119020677
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 105,73 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Formaat: 320 pages
  • Sari: TOPA Topics in Paleobiology
  • Ilmumisaeg: 04-Nov-2016
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1119020670
  • ISBN-13: 9781119020677

Knowledge of the evolutionary history of birds has much improved in recent decades. Fossils from critical time periods are being described at unprecedented rates and modern phylogenetic analyses have provided a framework for the interrelationships of the extant groups. This book gives an overview of the avian fossil record and its paleobiological significance, and it is the only up-to-date textbook that covers both Mesozoic and more modern-type Cenozoic birds in some detail. The reader is introduced to key features of basal avians and the morphological transformations that have occurred in the evolution towards modern birds. An account of the Cenozoic fossil record sheds light on the biogeographic history of the extant avian groups and discusses fossils in the context of current phylogenetic hypotheses. This review of the evolutionary history of birds not only addresses students and established researchers, but it may also be a useful source of information for anyone else with an interest in the evolution of birds and a moderate background in biology and geology.

Foreword ix
Preface xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Chapter 1 An Introduction to Birds, the Geological Settings of Their Evolution, and the Avian Skeleton 1(17)
Birds Are Evolutionarily Nested within Theropod Dinosaurs
2(2)
The Geological Settings of Avian Evolution in a Nutshell
4(2)
Characteristics of the Avian Skeleton
6(12)
Chapter 2 The Origin of Birds 18(25)
Archaeopteryx: The German "Urvogel" and Its Bearing on Avian Evolution
19(3)
The Closest Maniraptoran Relatives of Birds
22(10)
Feather Evolution
32(5)
The Origin of Avian Flight
37(6)
Chapter 3 The Mesozoic Flight Way towards Modern Birds 43(21)
Jeholornithids: Early Cretaceous Long-Tailed Birds
44(1)
Confuciusornis, Sapeornis, and Kin: Basal Birds with a Pygostyle
45(5)
Ornithothoraces and the Origin of Sustained Flapping Flight Capabilities
50(5)
The Ornithuromorpha: Refinement of Modem Characteristics
55(4)
Ornithurae and the Origin of Modern Birds
59(5)
Chapter 4 Mesozoic Birds: Interrelationships and Character Evolution 64(20)
The Interrelationships of Mesozoic Birds: Controversial Phylogenetic Placements and Well-Supported Clades
65(3)
Character Evolution in Mesozoic Birds
68(13)
Ontogenetic Development of Mesozoic Birds
81(3)
Chapter 5 The Interrelationships and Origin of Crown Group Birds (Neornithes) 84(10)
Phylogenetic Interrelationships of Neornithine Birds
85(3)
The Mesozoic Fossil Record of Neornithine-Like and Neornithine Birds
88(6)
Chapter 6 Palaeognathous Birds (Ostriches, Tinamous, and Allies) 94(13)
The Interrelationships of Extant Palaeognathae
95(1)
Early Cenozoic Palaeognathous Birds of the Northern Hemisphere
95(2)
Long-Winged Ostriches, Rheas, and Tinamous
97(4)
Short-Winged Palaeognathous Birds
101(4)
Biogeography: A Textbook Example of Gondwanan Vicariance Has Been Dismantled
105(2)
Chapter 7 Galloanseres: "Fowl" and Kin 107(18)
Galliformes: From Herbivorous Forest Dwellers to Seed Eaters of Open Landscapes
108(5)
The Waterfowl
113(5)
Gastornithids: Giant Herbivorous Birds in the Early Paleogene of the Northern Hemisphere
118(2)
Dromornithids (Mihirungs or Thunderbirds): Gastornis-Like Birds from Australia
120(1)
Pelagornithids: Bony-Toothed Birds
121(4)
Chapter 8 The "Difficult-to-Place Groups": Biogeographic Surprises and Aerial Specialists 125(22)
The Columbiform Birds: Doves, Sandgrouse, ... and Mesites?
126(1)
The Hoatzin: A South American Relict Species
127(2)
Turacos and Cuckoos
129(2)
Bustards
131(1)
The "Wonderful" Mirandornithes, or How Different Can Sister Taxa Be?
132(4)
Strisores: The Early Diversification of Nocturnal Avian Insectivores
136(11)
Chapter 9 Shorebirds, Cranes, and Relatives 147(14)
Charadriiformes: One of the Most Diverse Groups-of Extant Birds
148(8)
From Rail to Crane
156(5)
Chapter 10 Aequomithes: Aquatic and Semi-Aquatic Carnivores 161(28)
Loons: Foot-Propelled Divers of the Northern Hemisphere
162(2)
Pelagic Tubenoses and Albatrosses
164
Penguins: More Than
60(108)
Million Years of Flightlessness
168(6)
The Polyphyletic "Pelecaniformes" and "Ciconiiformes"
174(13)
Late Cenozoic Turnovers in Marine Avifaunas
187(2)
Chapter 11 Cariamiforms and Diurnal Birds of Prey 189(15)
Seriemas and Allies: Two Species Now, Many More in the Past
190(7)
Diurnal Birds of Prey: Multiple Cases of Convergence among Raptorial Birds
197(7)
Chapter 12 The Cenozoic Radiation of Small Arboreal Birds 204(29)
The Courol and Mousebirds: Two African Relict Groups
205(5)
The Long Evolutionary History of Owls
210(2)
Parrots and Passerines: An Unexpected Sister Group Relationship' and Its Potential Evolutionary Implications
212(11)
Trogons, Rollers, and Woodpeckers: Cavity-Nesters with Diverse Foot Morphologies
223(10)
Chapter 13 Insular Avifaunas Now and Then, on Various Scales 233(12)
Islands and Isolated Continents as Refugia
234(1)
The Evolution of Flightlessness in Predator-Free Environments
235(6)
Insular Gigantism and Islands as Cradles of Unusual Morphologies
241(4)
Glossary 245(3)
References 248(41)
Index 289
Gerald Mayr is a German paleontologist who is Curator of Ornithology at the Senckenberg Research Institute in Frankfurt am Main, Hesse. He has published extensively on fossil birds, especially the Paleogene avifauna of Europe. He is an expert on the Eocene fauna of the Messel pit.