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E-raamat: Breastfeeding and Medication 2nd edition [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

Wendy Jones

Formaat: 362 pages, 4 Tables, black and white; 31 Line drawings, black and white; 32 Halftones, black and white
Ilmumisaeg: 09-May-2018
Kirjastus: Routledge
ISBN-13: 9781315098739

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Taylor & Francis e-raamat
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Formaat: 362 pages, 4 Tables, black and white; 31 Line drawings, black and white; 32 Halftones, black and white
Ilmumisaeg: 09-May-2018
Kirjastus: Routledge
ISBN-13: 9781315098739

Teised raamatud teemal:

Rohkem infot Taylor & Francis e-raamatute kohta

Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9781315098739

Sadly, women often feel they have no alternative but to give up breastfeeding, having been prescribed or purchased medication. In many cases, however, this is unnecessary. This book outlines the evidence base for the use of medication during breastfeeding.

Breastfeeding and Medication presents a comprehensive A to Z guide to the most frequently prescribed drugs and their safety for breastfeeding mothers. Evaluating the evidence for interventions and using a simple format for quickly identifying medications that are safe or unsafe to use, it also highlights those drugs where there is inconclusive evidence. Additional contextual information makes this the most complete text for those practitioners who support and treat breastfeeding women. It:

provides an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the breast together with hormonal influences to better understand how complications, such as mastitis, arise and inform the approach to their treatment;

includes a section on conditions that affect women specifically when they are lactating where prescription of medication may be necessary;

discusses the importance of breastfeeding and its advantages, as well as its disadvantages; and

explores how to support breastfeeding mothers, and presents a counselling model approach.

This new edition contains information on more drugs and a chapter on the management of some chronic conditions which may affect breastfeeding mothers. In most cases there are options to support the mothers optimal care whilst allowing her to continue to breastfeed her baby as long as she wishes. This is a topic which raises many questions on social media, which informed the choice of conditions to consider.

This is an invaluable reference for all health practitioners and volunteers who work with, support and treat breastfeeding women, including lactation consultants, breastfeeding support workers, health visitors, GPs, practice nurses, pharmacists and midwives.

List of illustrations

xii

Dedication

xiv

Acknowledgements

Introduction

(4)

Breastmilk is normal

(1)

So why do more mothers not breastfeed?

(1)

How can this book help?

(1)

The safety of drugs in breastmilk

(1)

Evidence for breastfeeding and the management of common conditions

(1)

Counselling breastfeeding mothers

(1)

PART I Breastfeeding in the wider context

(106)

1 Breastfeeding in context

(9)

The impact of society on breastfeeding

(3)

Health inequalities and the promotion of breastfeeding

(1)

Obesity and infant feeding

(1)

Breastfeeding in public

(1)

Influences on breastfeeding initiation

(1)

Influence of friends and family

(1)

Impact of education on breastfeeding initiation

(1)

Peer support in populations where breastfeeding rates are historically low

(1)

Difficulties experienced with breastfeeding

(1)

Exclusive breastfeeding rates

(2)

2 How does breastfeeding work?

(11)

Anatomy of the lactating breast

(1)

The areola

(1)

Nipples

(1)

Prolactin

(1)

Oxytocin

(2)

Inhibition of milk production

(1)

Effective breastfeeding

(1)

How can healthcare professionals support breastfeeding mothers?

(1)

Assessing attachment and drainage of the breast

(1)

Assessment of infant stools as an indicator of good milk transfer

(1)

Pain on breastfeeding

(1)

Key points

(1)

3 Constituents of breastmilk and formula milk

(6)

Breastmilk --- a remarkable liquid

(1)

Lhctoferrin

(1)

Oligosaccharides

(1)

Lysozyme

(1)

Epidermal growth factor

(1)

Secretory immunoglobulin A

(1)

Anti-inflammatory molecules

(1)

Growth factors

(1)

Bifidus factor

(1)

Leukocytes

(1)

So how do these factors protect the breastfed infant?

(1)

Key points

(1)

4 Understanding the importance of breastmilk

(7)

The positive health benefits of breastfeeding

(3)

Implications for the healthcare system

(1)

Maternal beliefs about breastfeeding and its advantages

(1)

Disadvantages of breastfeeding

(1)

Medical disadvantages of breastfeeding

(1)

Galactosaemia

(1)

Maple syrup urine disease

(1)

Phenylketonuria

(1)

5 Treating conditions related to breastfeeding

(22)

Conditions affecting the breastfeeding mother

(1)

Engorgement

(1)

Mastitis

(3)

Post-partum haemorrhage

(1)

Thromboembolism

(1)

Raynaud's phenomenon

(2)

Vasospasm

(1)

Conditions affecting the baby

(1)

Colic

(1)

Cow's milk protein allergy

(1)

Lactose intolerance

(1)

Tongue tie

(1)

Prematurity

(1)

Jaundice

(1)

Conditions that may affect the mother and baby during breastfeeding

(1)

Oral thrush

(2)

Medication for women who may become pregnant

(1)

Pre-conceptual use of medication

(1)

Pre-conceptual nutrition

(1)

Folic acid

(1)

Vitamin D supplements

(2)

Obesity

(1)

Smoking

(1)

Vaping (electronic cigarettes)

(1)

Alcohol

(1)

Substance misuse

(1)

Key points

(1)

6 Decision-making on the safety of drugs in breastmilk

(13)

The dilemma of prescribing

(1)

Assessment of the transfer of drugs in breastmilk

(1)

Pharmacokinetic data on the transfer of drugs into breastmilk

(2)

Factors influencing drug transfer into breastmilk

(1)

The extent of plasma protein binding of the drug

(1)

Milk--plasma ratio

(1)

Oral bio-availability

(1)

First-pass metabolism

(1)

Drug half-life

(1)

The size of the drug molecule

(1)

Peak plasma level

(1)

Available data

(1)

Fat solubility

(1)

Immaturity of the hepatic and renal function of infants

(1)

Breastmilk production

(1)

In utero exposure

(1)

Maturity of the baby

(1)

Age of the baby and volume of milk consumed

(1)

Possible side effects for the baby

(1)

Therapeutic range

(1)

Duration of exposure to the drug

(1)

Relative infant dose

(1)

Summary of points to determine when a drug is likely to be safe for use during breastfeeding

(1)

Limitations of the literature on transfer of drugs into breastmilk

(1)

Practical application of pharmacological data

(2)

Key points

(1)

7 Professional responsibility and counselling

(18)

The dilemma of taking prescription drugs during breastfeeding

(1)

How do mothers perceive the dilemma of drugs during breastfeeding?

(1)

The polarity map

(4)

Involving the parents in decision-making

(3)

Information on the use of medication from the mother's viewpoint

(1)

Professional decisions and liability

(1)

Phrasing of information to parents

(1)

Counselling skills

(2)

How is counselling different from medical advice?

(1)

Scenarios

(4)

Key points

(1)

8 Chronic diseases and medication in the breastfeeding mother

(19)

Post-natal depression

(2)

Anxiety

(1)

Asthma

(1)

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)

(2)

Obsessional Compulsive Disorder (OCT))

(1)

Hypertension

(1)

Systemic lupus erythematosus (lupus)

(1)

Sjogren's syndrome

100

(1)

Multiple Sclerosis (MS)

101

(2)

Fibromyalgia

103

(2)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

105

(2)

Diabetes

107

(1)

Ectopic pregnancy

108

(1)

Medical management of miscarriage

109

(1)

Termination of pregnancy

109

(1)

Hyperemesis/morning sickness

109

(1)

Migraine

110

(1)

PART II The safety of drugs in breastmilk

111

(216)

9 Information on level of drugs into breastmilk

112

(215)

Sources used to compile this information

113

(1)

LactMed

114

(1)

Medications and Mothers' Milk

114

(1)

Motherisk

114

(1)

The British National Formulary (BNF)

115

(1)

The British National Formulary for Children (BNFC)

115

(1)

Gastrointestinal system

116

(1)

Antacids

116

(1)

Alginates

117

(1)

Anti-spasmodics

117

(3)

H2 antagonists

120

(2)

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)

122

(3)

Anti-diarrhoea medication

125

(2)

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

127

(5)

Monoclonal antibodies

132

(1)

Laxatives

133

(5)

Haemorrhoidal preparations

138

(1)

Anal fissures

138

(2)

Cardiovascular system

140

(1)

Diuretics

140

(2)

ACE inhibitors

142

(4)

Beta blockers

146

(4)

Angiotensin II receptor antagonists

150

(2)

Calcium channel blockers

152

(2)

Alpha blockers

154

(1)

Anti-coagulants

155

(3)

The novel (non-Vitamin K antagonist) oral anticoagulants (NOAC)

158

(1)

Antiplatelet agents

159

(2)

Lipid-regulating drugs

161

(1)

Respiratory system

162

(1)

Bronchodilators

163

(1)

Long-acting beta2 agonists

164

(1)

Corticosteroids

165

(2)

Leukotriene receptor antagonists

167

(1)

Anti-histamines

168

(5)

Mucolytics

173

(1)

Cough preparations

173

(1)

Nasal decongestants

174

(2)

Centrally acting drugs

176

(1)

Hypnotics

176

(3)

Anxiolytics

179

(3)

Anti-psychotics

182

(9)

Drugs to treat bipolar disorder

191

(2)

Anti-depressants

193

(3)

Selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs)

196

(6)

Serotonin and noradrenaline re-uptake inhibitors

202

(1)

Alpha2-adrenoreceptor antagonist

203

(1)

Anti-obesity drugs

204

(1)

Drugs used to treat nausea and vertigo

205

(5)

Analgesics

210

(5)

Opiate analgesics

215

(4)

Migraines

219

(2)

Epilepsy

221

(8)

Drugs of abuse

229

(6)

Substance dependence

235

(4)

Nicotine replacement therapy

239

(2)

Cigarettes and smoking

241

(1)

Infections

242

(1)

Antibiotics

242

(18)

Antifungals

260

(4)

Antivirals

264

(2)

Neuraminidase inhibitors to treat influenza (H1N1/H5N1)

266

(2)

Malarial prophylaxis

268

(3)

Anthelmintics

271

(1)

Endocrine system

271

(1)

Diabetes

271

(3)

Thyroid diseases

274

(3)

Obstetric conditions

277

(1)

Contraception

277

(1)

Parenteral progestogen-only contraceptives

277

(1)

Oral progestogen-only contraceptive pills (POPs)

278

(1)

Intrauterine progestogen-only contraceptives

278

(1)

Combined oral contraceptive (COC)

278

(1)

Emergency hormonal contraception (EHC)

279

(1)

Suppression of lactation

280

(3)

Lactation enhancement

283

(6)

Drugs used lo induce or augment labour

289

(1)

Medical termination of pregnancy

290

(2)

Ectopic pregnancy

292

(1)

Malignant diseases

293

(1)

Nutrition and blood

293

(1)

Vitamins and tonics

293

(5)

Druids used to treat musculoskeletal and joint pains

298

(1)

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatories

298

(3)

Rheumatic disease-suppressing drugs

301

(1)

Eye preparations

302

(1)

Ear drops

303

(1)

Nasal drops

304

(1)

Dental treatment

304

(2)

Skin

306

(1)

Topical creams

306

(1)

Emollients

307

(1)

Bath preparations

307

(1)

Topical corticosteroids

307

(1)

Eczema

308

(1)

Psoriasis

308

(1)

Acne

308

(1)

Warts and verrucas

309

(1)

Sunscreens

309

(1)

Topical antibacterials, antifungals and antivirals

309

(1)

Head lice treatment

310

(2)

Vaccines

312

(8)

Anaesthetics

320

(1)

General anaesthetics

320

(4)

Local anaesthetics

324

(1)

Homeoparhic remedies

324

(1)

Caffeine

325

(2)

Conclusion

327

(3)

Appendix

330

(2)

References

332

(9)

Index

341

Wendy Jones is a pharmacist, with over 25 years of experience as a breastfeeding support worker for The Breastfeeding Network (BfN). She runs the BfN Drugs in Breastmilk Service and has presented widely to healthcare professionals, volunteers and mothers on this subject. She qualified as an independent pharmacist prescriber but is now retired.

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