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1 Earthquake Risk Reduction. |
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1.2 Earthquake Risk and Hazard. |
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1.3 The Social and Economic Consequences of Earthquakes. |
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1.4 Earthquake Risk Reduction Actions. |
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2 The Nature of Earthquakes. |
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2.2 Global Seismotectonics. |
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2.3 The Strength of Earthquakes – Magnitude and Intensity. |
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3 Determination of Site Characteristics. |
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3.2 Local Geology and Soil Conditions. |
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3.3 Ground Classes and Microzones. |
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3.4 Site Investigations and Soil Tests. |
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4 Seismic Hazard Assessment. |
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4.2 Crustal Strain and Moment Release. |
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4.3 Regional Seismotectonics. |
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4.5 Earthquake Distribution in Space, Size and Time. |
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4.6 The Nature and Attenuation of Ground Motions. |
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4.8 Faults – Hazard and Design Considerations. |
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4.9 Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Assessment. |
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4.10 Probabilistic vs. Deterministic Seismic Hazard Assessment. |
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5 Seismic Response of Soils and Structures. |
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5.2 Seismic Response of Soils. |
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5.3 Seismic Response of Soil–Structure Systems. |
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5.4 Seismic Response of Structures. |
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6 Earthquake Vulnerability of the Built Environment. |
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6.2 Qualitative Measures of Vulnerability. |
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6.3 Quantitative Measures of Vulnerability. |
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7 Earthquake Risk Modelling and Management. |
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7.1 Earthquake Risk Modelling. |
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7.2 Material Damage Costs. |
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7.3 Estimating Casualties. |
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7.4 Business Interruption. |
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7.5 Reduction of Business Interruption. |
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7.6 Management of and Planning for Earthquakes. |
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7.7 Earthquake Insurance. |
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7.8 Earthquake Risk Management in Developing Countries. |
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7.9 Impediments to Earthquake Risk Reduction. |
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7.10 Further Reading and Software. |
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8 The Design and Construction Process – Choice of Form and Materials. |
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8.1 The Design and Construction Process – Performance-Based Seismic Design. |
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8.2 Criteria for Earthquake Resistant Design. |
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8.3 Principles of Reliable Seismic Behaviour – Form, Material and Failure Modes. |
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8.4 Specific Structural Forms for Earthquake Resistance. |
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8.5 Passive Control of Structures – Seismic Isolation and Energy-Dissipating Devices. |
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8.6 Low-Damage Structures – Damage Avoidance Design. |
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8.7 Construction and the Enforcement of Standards. |
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8.8 Developing Countries. |
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9 Seismic Design of Foundations and Soil-Retaining Structures. |
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9.2 Soil-Retaining Structures. |
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10 Design and Detailing of New Structures for Earthquake Ground Shaking. |
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10.3 Concrete Structures. |
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10.6 Design of New Structures in Developing Countries. |
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11 Earthquake Resistance of Services, Equipment and Plant. |
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11.1 Seismic Response and Design Criteria. |
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11.2 Seismic Analysis and Design Procedures for Equipment. |
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11.3 Seismic Protection of Equipment. |
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12 Architectural Design and Detailing for Earthquake Resistance. |
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12.2 Non-structural Infill Panels and Partitions. |
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12.3 Cladding, Wall Finishes, Windows and Doors. |
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12.4 Miscellaneous Architectural Details. |
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13.3 Benefit-Cost of Retrofitting. |
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13.4 Retrofitting Lifelines. |
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13.5 Retrofitting Structures. |
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13.6 Retrofitting Equipment and Plant. |
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13.7 Retrofitting in Developing Countries. |
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13.8 Performance of Retrofitted Property in Earthquakes. |
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Appendix A Modified Mercalli Intensity Scale (NZ8). |
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Appendix B Structural Steel Standards for Earthquake Resistant Structures. |
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