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Originally published in 1956, this masterly essay weaves together the results of research with an independence of judgement which could only come from a long-established expert in the field of Revolutionary studies. The book examines the causes of the French Revolution and the economics involved in the weakness of France’s pre-revolutionary form of government as well as the administrative complexity which was an effective stumbling block in the way of monarchy. As well as charting key events in the revolution, the conclusion discusses the significance of the French Revolution in the context of other revolutions in both the nineteenth and twentieth centuries.

 

I The `Ancien Regime'
9(18)
(i) Introduction
9(1)
(ii) Faulty finance
10(3)
(iii) Administrative complexity
13(8)
(iv) Agrarian distress
21(6)
II The Revolt Of The Nobility (1787--1788)
27(16)
(i) Calonne's plans for radical reform
27(6)
(ii) The Revolt of the Notables
33(2)
(iii) The Revolt of the Parlements
35(6)
(iv) The Revolt of the Provinces
41(2)
III Social And Political Conflicts On The Eve Of The Revolution (1788--1789)
43(13)
(i) Necker's second ministry and the recall of the parlement
43(3)
(ii) The formation of the "patriotic" party
46(1)
(iii) Pamphlet warfare and the attack on privilege
47(2)
(iv) Necker and the convocation of the States General
49(3)
(v) The elections to the States General
52(4)
IV The Revolution Of The Lawyers (5th May--27th June, 1789)
56(17)
(i) The opening of the States General
56(1)
(ii) The conflict of the Orders (6th May--9th June, 1789)
57(4)
(iii) The formation of the National Assembly (10th--17th June)
61(2)
(iv) The failure of counter-revolution (18th--27th June)
63(10)
V The Revolt Of The Masses And The Fall Of the `Ancien Regime'
73(17)
(i) The revolt of Paris and the fall of the Bastille
73(5)
(ii) The revolt of the provinces and the "Great Fear"
78(2)
(iii) The fall of the Ancien Rigime (4th--11th August, 1789)
80(2)
(iv) The Declaration of Rights (26th August, 1789)
82(3)
(v) The schism in the Patriotic party and the October days
85(5)
VI The Work Of The Constituent Assembly And The Flight To Varennes
90(19)
(i) The Constituent Assembly and constructive reform
90(5)
(ii) Mirabeau and the monarchy (October 1789--April 1791)
95(3)
(iii) The Civil Constitution of the Clergy and religious schism
98(3)
(iv) The flight to Varennes (21st June, 1791)
101(4)
(v) The "massacre" of the Champ de Mars (17th July, 1791)
105(1)
(vi) The Feuillants and constitutional revision
106(3)
VII The Legislative Assembly, War And The Last Days Of The Monarchy
109(18)
(i) The political consequences of the Constitution of 1791
109(1)
(ii) Political groupings in the Legislative Assembly
110(2)
(iii) The origins of the War of 1792
112(8)
(iv) The last days of the monarchy
120(7)
VIII From The Fall Of The Monarchy To The Extension Of The War With Europe
127(19)
(i) The dethronement of Louis XVI and its results
127(5)
(ii) The September Massacres
132(6)
(iii) The Convention
138(1)
(iv) Girondins and Montagnards
139(3)
(v) The King's trial and execution
142(2)
(vi) War with Europe
144(2)
IX The Rise Of Revolutionary Government And The Crisis Of National Defence
146(20)
(i) Military and economic difficulties (January--March 1793)
146(1)
(ii) Sectional movements in Paris (February--April, 1793)
147(3)
(iii) The fall of the Gironde (5th April--2nd June, 1793)
150(5)
(iv) The Federalist revolt and the collapse of the first Committee of Public Safety (May--July)
155(5)
(v) The crisis of national defence and the rise of Hebertism (July--August, 1793)
160(4)
(vi) "Terror the order of the day" (September, 1793)
164(2)
X The Terror, The Factions, And The Fall Of Robespierre
166(17)
(i) The Terror
166(4)
(ii) The Dantonists and the policy of "clemency"
170(2)
(iii) The fall of the factions
172(3)
(iv) The ascendancy and fall of Robespierre (13th April--27th July, 1794)
175(5)
(v) Conclusion
180(3)
Select Bibliography 183(5)
Index 188
Albert Goodwin