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E-raamat: Lime and Limestone: Chemistry and Technology, Production and Uses [Wiley Online]

  • Formaat: 474 pages, Ill.
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Apr-1998
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527612025
  • ISBN-13: 9783527612024
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 237,89 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
Lime and Limestone: Chemistry and Technology, Production and UsesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 474 pages, Ill.
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Apr-1998
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH
  • ISBN-10: 3527612025
  • ISBN-13: 9783527612024
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley Online e-raamatudRohkem infot Wiley Online kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9783527612024
Presents an overview of the lime and limestone industries and how they are shaped by customer requirements. Includes detailed sections describing the production of limestone, quicklime, and slaked lime; the uses of the raw materials in such products as cement, steelmaking, agriculture, and chemistry; and an assessment of environmental issues which affect the industries. Maintains a balance between scientific information of use to technologists, and more general information of value to production and commercial personnel, both within the lime and limestone industries and in the many industries that they serve. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or.

- Modern uses of traditional materials -

'Lime and Limestone' is a comprehensive and up-to-date presentation of the main scientific and technological aspects of the quarrying, processing, calcining and slaking of lime and limestone products. It places emphasis on how the processes are designed to ensure that the products meet market requirements and comply with customer specifications.

It describes authoritatively, and in detail, the current uses in the many market segments, including:
- iron, steel and other metals,
- building, construction and cement,
- water, sewage and environmental protection,
- chemicals, agriculture and foodstuffs.
It also addresses topical issues such as: environmental protection measures within the industry, toxicology, occupational health, storage, transportation, economic aspects, sampling, testing and analysis.

The book maintains a good balance between scientific information - of use to technologists - and more general information - of value to production and commercial personnel, both within the lime and limestone industries and in the many industries that they serve.
1 Introduction
1(8)
1.1 General
1(1)
1.2 Importance of Lime and Limestone
1(2)
1.3 History [ 1.1-1.3]
3(2)
1.4 References
5(4)
Part 1 Production of Limestone 9(54)
2 Formation, Classification and Occurrence of Limestone
9(9)
2.1 Formation of Limestone
9(5)
2.2 Classification of Limestones
14(2)
2.3 Occurrence of Limestones
16(1)
2.4 References
17(1)
3 Physical and Chemical Properties of Limestone
18(8)
3.1 Physical Properties
18(2)
3.2 Chemical Properties
20(2)
3.3 Impurities
22(2)
3.4 References
24(2)
4 Prospecting and Quarrying
26(12)
4.1 Introduction
26(1)
4.2 Prospecting
26(3)
4.3 Quarrying
29(5)
4.4 Loading
34(1)
4.5 Hauling
35(1)
4.6 Current Trends in Quarrying
35(1)
4.7 Dimension Stone
36(1)
4.8 References
36(2)
5 Processing and Dispatch of Limestone
38(15)
5.1 Introduction
38(1)
5.2 Crushing
39(5)
5.3 Pulverising and Grinding
44(1)
5.4 Production of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate
44(1)
5.5 Sizing
44(5)
5.6 Benefication
49(1)
5.7 Storage and Loading Out
50(1)
5.8 Transport
51(1)
5.9 Specifications
51(1)
5.10 References
52(1)
6 Sampling and Testing of Limestone
53(10)
6.1 Introduction
53(1)
6.2 Sampling
54(2)
6.3 Sample Preparation
56(1)
6.4 Testing
56(1)
6.5 CEN Standards for Test Methods
57(2)
6.6 References
59(4)
Part 2 Uses and Specifications of Limestone 63(54)
7 Overview and Economic Aspects of the Limestone Market
63(5)
7.1 General
63(1)
7.2 Market Overview
64(2)
7.3 Economic Aspects
66(1)
7.4 References
67(1)
8 Construction and Building
68(13)
8.1 Introduction
68(1)
8.2 Specifications and Test Methods
68(1)
8.3 Aggregates for Concrete
69(4)
8.4 Sand for Mortars
73(1)
8.5 Unbound Aggregates for Roads
74(3)
8.6 Aggregates for Asphalts
77(1)
8.7 Other Applications
78(1)
8.8 CEN Standards for Aggregates
79(1)
8.9 References
79(2)
9 Use of Limestone in Cement Production
81(5)
9.1 Introduction
81(1)
9.2 Portland Cement Production
81(3)
9.3 Composite Cements
84(1)
9.4 Masonry Cements
84(1)
9.5 Calcium Aluminate Cements
85(1)
9.6 References
85(1)
10 The Use of Limestone in Agriculture
86(8)
10.1 Introduction
86(1)
10.2 Arable Land and Pasture
86(4)
10.3 Fertilisers
90(1)
10.4 Animal Feedstuffs
91(1)
10.5 Poultry Grits
91(1)
10.6 Neutralising Acid Rainfall
91(2)
10.7 References
93(1)
11 Use of Limestone in Refining Metals
94(6)
11.1 The Production of Iron
94(3)
11.2 Open Hearth Steelmaking
97(1)
11.3 Smelting
98(1)
11.4 The Production of Alumina
98(1)
11.5 References
99(1)
12 Other Uses of Limestone
100(17)
12.1 Introduction
100(1)
12.2 Glass Manufacture
100(2)
12.3 Ceramics
102(1)
12.4 Mineral Wool
102(1)
12.5 Acid Gas Removal
102(6)
12.6 Sulfite Process for Paper Pulp
108(1)
12.7 Production of Organic Chemicals
108(1)
12.8 "Rock Dust" for Mines
108(1)
12.9 Fillers and Extenders
109(1)
12.10 Water Treatment
109(3)
12.11 Sodium Dichromate
112(1)
12.12 Calcium Zirconate
112(1)
12.13 References
113(4)
Part 3 Production of Quicklime 117(90)
13 Physical and Chemical Properties of Quicklime
117(7)
13.1 Physical Properties
117(2)
13.2 Chemical Properties
119(4)
13.3 References
123(1)
14 Raw Materials for Lime Burning (Limestone, Fuel and Refractories)
124(15)
14.1 General
124(1)
14.2 Limestone
124(4)
14.3 Fuel
128(8)
14.4 Refractory Linings
136(2)
14.5 References
138(1)
15 Calcination of Limestone
139(16)
15.1 Introduction
139(1)
15.2 The Chemical Reactions
139(2)
15.3 Kinetics of Calcination
141(6)
15.4 Sintering of High-calcium Quicklime
147(3)
15.5 Sintering of Calcined Dolomite
150(1)
15.6 Steam Injection
151(1)
15.7 Re-carbonation
151(1)
15.8 Calcination of Finely Divided Limestones
152(1)
15.9 References
153(2)
16 Production of Quicklime
155(37)
16.1 Introduction
155(1)
16.2 Principles of Lime Burning
155(3)
16.3 Development of Lime Kilns
158(4)
16.4 Modern Kilns
162(18)
16.5 Selection of Lime Kilns
180(1)
16.6 Kiln Control
181(2)
16.7 Mass and Heat Balances
183(3)
16.8 Instrumentation
186(2)
16.9 Production of Calcined Dolomite
188(1)
16.10 Production of Hydraulic Limes
189(1)
16.11 References
189(3)
17 Processing Storage and Transport of Quicklime
192(7)
17.1 Processing
192(3)
17.2 Production of Ground Quicklime
195(1)
17.3 Storage, Handling and Transport
196(2)
17.4 References
198(1)
18 Sampling and Testing of Quicklime
199(8)
18.1 Introduction
199(1)
18.2 Precautions
199(1)
18.3 Sampling
200(1)
18.4 Sample Preparation
201(1)
18.5 Packing and Marking of Samples
201(1)
18.6 Physical Testing
201(1)
18.7 Chemical Analysis
201(1)
18.8 Absorption of Moisture and Carbon Dioxide from the Atmosphere
202(2)
18.9 References
204(3)
Part 4 Production of Slaked Lime 207(44)
19 Physical and Chemical Properties of Slaked Lime
207(5)
19.1 Physical Properties
207(1)
19.2 Chemical Properties
208(3)
19.3 References
211(1)
20 Production of Hydrated Lime
212(14)
20.1 Introduction
212(1)
20.2 Physico-chemical Aspects of Hydration
212(2)
20.3 Raw Materials
214(1)
20.4 Design of Hydrating Plants
215(4)
20.5 Control of Hydrating Plant
219(1)
20.6 Production of High Surface Area Hydrated Limes
219(2)
20.7 Performance Criteria for Hydrated Limes
221(1)
20.8 Dolomitic Hydrated Limes
222(1)
20.9 Hydraulic Limes
223(1)
20.10 Carbide Lime
224(1)
20.11 Air Slaked Lime
224(1)
20.12 References
224(2)
21 Handling and Storage of Hydrated Lime
226(3)
21.1 General
226(1)
21.2 Bagged Hydrate
226(1)
21.3 Bulk Hydrate
227(1)
21.4 Conveying and Dosing
227(1)
21.5 Production of Milk of Lime
228(1)
21.6 References
228(1)
22 Production of Milk of Lime and Lime Putty
229(11)
22.1 Introduction
229(2)
22.3 Slaking Practices
231(1)
22.4 Slaker Design
232(3)
22.5 Dispersion of Hydrated Lime
235(1)
22.6 Lime Putties
235(1)
22.7 Performance Criteria for Milks of Lime and Lime Putties
236(1)
22.8 Ultra-fine Milks of Lime
236(2)
22.9 Carbide Lime
238(1)
22.10 References
239(1)
23 Handling and Storage of Milk of Lime and Lime Putty
240(4)
23.1 Milk of Lime
240(2)
23.2 Lime Putty
242(1)
23.3 References
243(1)
24 Sampling and Testing of Slaked Lime
244(7)
24.1 Introduction
244(1)
24.2 Precautions
244(1)
24.3 Sampling
244(1)
24.4 Sample Preparation
245(1)
24.5 Packing and Marking of Samples
245(1)
24.6 Physical Testing
246(1)
24.7 Chemical Analysis
246(2)
24.8 References
248(3)
Part 5 Uses and Specifications of Lime Products 251(132)
25 Overview and Economic Aspects of the Lime Market
251(7)
25.1 General
251(1)
25.2 Market Overview
251(4)
25.3 Economic Aspects
255(2)
25.4 References
257(1)
26 Construction and Building
258(41)
26.1 Introduction
258(1)
26.2 Historical
258(1)
26.3 Lime Treatment of Soils
259(10)
26.4 Hydraulic Road Binders
269(1)
26.5 Hot Mix Asphalt (see also section 8.6)
270(1)
26.6 Masonry Mortars
270(8)
26.7 External Rendering
278(2)
26.8 Internal Plastering
280(2)
26.9 Hydraulic Limes
282(3)
26.10 Sandlime Bricks
285(3)
26.11 Autoclaved Aerated Concrete
288(7)
26.12 Calcium Silicate Products
295(1)
26.13 References
296(3)
27 The Use of Lime in Iron and Steelmaking
299(15)
27.1 Introduction
299(1)
27.2 Production of Sinter
299(2)
27.3 Treatment of Pig Iron
301(1)
27.4 Basic Oxygen Steelmaking
302(7)
27.5 The Electric Arc Process
309(2)
27.6 Secondary Steelmaking Processes
311(2)
27.7 References
313(1)
28 Water and Sewage Treatment
314(19)
28.1 Drinking Water
314(8)
28.2 Boiler Feed Water
322(1)
28.3 Waste Water (Other than Sewage)
323(6)
28.4 Sewage Treatment
329(3)
28.5 References
332(1)
29 Gaseous Effluents
333(11)
29.1 Introduction
333(1)
29.2 Wet Scrubbing
334(3)
29.3 Semi-dry Scrubbing
337(1)
29.4 High Temperature Dry Injection
338(1)
29.5 Low Temperature Dry Injection
339(3)
29.6 Reduction of Dioxins and Furans
342(1)
29.7 Reduction of Heavy Metals
342(1)
29.8 Disposal of Solid Residues
343(1)
29.9 References
343(1)
30 Agriculture, Food and Food By-products
344(7)
30.1 Introduction
344(1)
30.2 Arable Land and Pasture
344(2)
30.3 Miscellaneous Agricultural Uses
346(1)
30.4 Sugar
347(1)
30.5 Pesticides
348(1)
30.6 Leather
348(1)
30.7 Glue and Gelatin
349(1)
30.8 Dairy Products
349(1)
30.9 Fruit Industry
349(1)
30.10 References
349(2)
31 Use of Quick and Slaked Lime in the Production of Chemicals
351(17)
31.1 Introduction
351(1)
31.2 Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC)
352(2)
31.3 Calcium Hypochlorite Bleaches
354(1)
31.4 Calcium Carbide
355(1)
31.5 Calcium Phosphates
356(2)
31.6 Calcium Chloride
358(1)
31.7 Calcium Bromide
358(1)
31.8 Calcium Hexacyanoferrate
359(1)
31.9 Calcium Silicon
359(1)
31.10 Calcium Dichromate
359(1)
31.11 Calcium Tungstate
359(1)
31.12 Calcium Citrate
360(1)
31.13 Calcium Soaps
360(1)
31.14 Calcium Lactate
361(1)
31.15 Calcium Tartrate
361(1)
31.16 Potassium Carbonate
362(1)
31.17 Sodium Chloride
362(1)
31.18 Sodium Carbonate
362(2)
31.20 Sodium Hydroxide
364(1)
31.21 Alkene Oxides (the Chlorohydrin Process)
364(1)
31.22 Diacetone Alcohol
365(1)
31.23 Hydroxypivalic Acid Neopentyl Glycol Ester (HPN)
365(1)
31.24 Pentaerythritol
365(1)
31.25 Anthraquinone Dyes and Intermediates
365(1)
31.26 Trichloroethylene
365(1)
31.26 Strontium Carbonate
366(2)
32 Other Uses of Quick and Slaked Lime
368(15)
32.1 Introduction
368(1)
32.2 Magnesium Hydroxide
368(2)
32.3 Dead-burned Dolomite [ 32.2]
370(1)
32.4 Silica, Silicon Carbide and Zirconia Refractories
370(1)
32.5 Calcium Oxide Refractory
370(1)
32.6 Glass
370(1)
32.7 Whiteware Pottery and Vitreous Enamel
371(1)
32.8 Calcium Aluminate Cement
371(1)
32.9 Flotation of Metal Ores
371(1)
32.10 Refining of Non-ferrous Metals
372(1)
32.11 Lime as a Fluxing Agent
373(1)
32.12 Casting and Drawing Lubrication
373(1)
32.13 Drilling Muds
374(1)
32.14 Oil-well Cement
374(1)
32.15 Oil Additives and Lubricating Greases
375(1)
32.16 Paper and Pulp
375(1)
32.17 Pigments and Paints
375(1)
32.18 Lime Treatment of Contaminated Land
376(1)
32.19 Destruction of Organic Wastes
377(1)
32.20 Briquetting of Fuels
377(1)
32.21 Soda Lime
378(1)
32.22 Use as a Desiccant
378(1)
32.23 Use as a Non-explosive Demolition Agent
378(1)
32.24 Self-heating Food Containers
379(1)
32.25 References
379(4)
Part 6 Safety, Health and Environment 383(20)
33 Control of the Environmental Effects of Lime and Limestone Production
383(13)
33.1 Introduction
383(1)
33.2 Standards
384(1)
33.3 Dust
384(5)
33.4 Sulfur Dioxide
389(1)
33.5 Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)
390(1)
33.6 Oxides of Carbon
391(1)
33.7 Dioxins, Furans and Heavy Metals
392(1)
33.8 General Noise
392(1)
33.9 Blasting Noise and Vibration
393(1)
33.10 Discharges to Water
394(1)
33.11 Solid Wastes
394(1)
33.12 References
394(2)
34 Toxicology and Occupational Health
396(7)
34.1 Toxicology
396(1)
34.2 Precautionary Measures
397(1)
34.3 First Aid Treatment [ 34.2]
398(1)
34.4 Occupational Health
399(1)
34.5 References
400(3)
Annexes 403(36)
Annex 1 Glossary of Terms 403(22)
Annex 2 General References 425(7)
Annex 3 Appendices 432(7)
Appendix A. A Reactivity Test for Quicklime Used in Aircrete Production 432(2)
Appendix B. Calculation of Free Lime in Hydrated Lime 434(1)
Appendix C. Units and Conversion Factors 435(4)
Index 439


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