Acknowledgements |
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xv | |
Notation |
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xvii | |
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xix | |
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xxiii | |
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1 | (16) |
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1.1 Trade, Commerce and Commodities |
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3 | (5) |
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1.2 Adapting to Commodities as an Asset Class |
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8 | (4) |
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1.2.1 Classification of Commodities into Sub-categories |
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9 | (3) |
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1.3 Challenges in Commodity Models |
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12 | (5) |
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12 | (1) |
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12 | (3) |
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15 | (1) |
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1.3.4 American and Asian Features |
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15 | (2) |
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2 Commodity Mathematics and Products |
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17 | (82) |
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2.1 Spot, Forwards and Futures |
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17 | (7) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (1) |
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20 | (4) |
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2.2 The Black--Scholes and Black-76 Models |
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24 | (15) |
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2.2.1 The Black--Scholes Model |
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24 | (1) |
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2.2.2 The Black--Scholes Model Without Convenience Yield |
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25 | (1) |
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2.2.3 The Black--Scholes Model With Convenience Yield |
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26 | (2) |
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28 | (7) |
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2.2.5 Risk-Neutral Valuation |
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35 | (1) |
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36 | (2) |
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2.2.7 The Black--Scholes Term Structure Model |
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38 | (1) |
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2.3 Forward and Futures Contracts |
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39 | (3) |
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39 | (1) |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (2) |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (6) |
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2.5.1 European Options on Spot |
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45 | (4) |
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2.5.2 European Options on Futures |
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49 | (1) |
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2.5.3 Settlement Adjustments |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (4) |
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2.6.1 Barone-Adesi and Whaley (1987) |
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50 | (3) |
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53 | (1) |
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54 | (16) |
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2.7.1 Geometric Asian Options -- Continuous Averaging |
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54 | (7) |
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2.7.2 Arithmetic Asian Options -- Continuous Averaging |
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61 | (1) |
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2.7.3 Geometric Average Options -- Discrete Fixings -- Kemna and Vorst (1990) |
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62 | (4) |
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2.7.4 Arithmetic Average Options -- Discrete Fixings -- Turnbull and Wakeman (1991) |
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66 | (4) |
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70 | (3) |
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73 | (5) |
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2.9.1 Margrabe Exchange Options |
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74 | (1) |
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2.9.2 The Kirk Approximation |
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75 | (2) |
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2.9.3 Calendar Spread Options |
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77 | (1) |
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2.9.4 Asian Spread Options |
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78 | (1) |
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2.10 More Advanced Models |
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78 | (21) |
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2.10.1 Mean Reverting Models |
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79 | (9) |
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2.10.2 Multi-Factor Models |
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88 | (6) |
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2.10.3 Convenience Yield Models |
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94 | (5) |
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99 | (28) |
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3.1 Gold Forward and Gold Lease Rates |
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101 | (2) |
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3.2 Volatility Surfaces for Precious Metals |
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103 | (8) |
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104 | (1) |
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104 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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3.2.4 Market Volatility Surfaces |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (2) |
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3.2.6 Strangles and Risk Reversals |
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107 | (4) |
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3.2.7 Temporal Interpolation |
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111 | (1) |
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3.3 Survey of the Precious Metals |
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111 | (16) |
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112 | (5) |
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117 | (2) |
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119 | (2) |
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121 | (3) |
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124 | (3) |
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127 | (24) |
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4.1 Futures, Options and TAPO Contracts |
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130 | (9) |
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130 | (4) |
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134 | (3) |
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4.1.3 Traded Average Price Options |
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137 | (2) |
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4.2 Commonly Traded Base Metals |
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139 | (12) |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (2) |
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145 | (1) |
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146 | (2) |
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148 | (3) |
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5 Energy I -- Crude Oil, Natural Gas and Coal |
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151 | (44) |
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154 | (26) |
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158 | (5) |
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163 | (8) |
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5.1.3 Calibration of WTI Volatility Term Structure |
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171 | (3) |
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5.1.4 Calibration of WTI Volatility Skew |
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174 | (3) |
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5.1.5 Brent and Other Crude Markets |
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177 | (3) |
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5.1.6 A Note on Correlation |
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180 | (1) |
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180 | (8) |
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5.2.1 Deseasonalising Forward Curves |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (7) |
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6 Energy II -- Refined Products |
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195 | (18) |
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195 | (2) |
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197 | (3) |
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200 | (3) |
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6.4 Petroleum Gases and Residual Fuel Oil |
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203 | (2) |
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6.5 Seasonality and Volatility |
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205 | (2) |
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207 | (6) |
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213 | (20) |
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7.1 Electricity Generation |
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214 | (3) |
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7.2 Nonstorability and Decorrelation |
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217 | (3) |
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218 | (1) |
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7.2.2 Futures and Forward Markets |
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219 | (1) |
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220 | (1) |
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7.3 Modelling Spikes in Electricity Markets |
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220 | (11) |
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7.3.1 Reduced Form Models |
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223 | (4) |
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227 | (4) |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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8 Agricultural Derivatives |
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233 | |
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234 | (8) |
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236 | (3) |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (2) |
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242 | (2) |
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244 | (1) |
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244 | |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | |