Preface |
|
xi | |
Editors |
|
xv | |
Contributors |
|
xix | |
|
Chapter 1 Recent Advancements in Automatic Sign Language Recognition (SLR) |
|
|
1 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
2 | (2) |
|
1.1.1 Common Challenges Faced in SLR |
|
|
2 | (1) |
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
|
4 | (13) |
|
1.2.1 Hidden Markov Model |
|
|
4 | (3) |
|
1.2.2 Gaussian Mixture Model |
|
|
7 | (2) |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
1.2.4 Convolutional Neural Network: Hidden Markov Model |
|
|
10 | (2) |
|
1.2.5 3D Convolutional Neural Network |
|
|
12 | (2) |
|
1.2.6 Restricted Boltzmann Machine |
|
|
14 | (2) |
|
1.2.7 Adaptive Pooling and Capsule Network |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
1.3.1 Hand Gesture Recognition System |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
|
18 | (1) |
|
1.4 Conclusion And Future Scope |
|
|
18 | (2) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
20 | (5) |
|
Chapter 2 Distance-Shape-Texture Signature Trio for Facial Expression Recognition |
|
|
25 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
26 | (1) |
|
2.2 Overview Of The Proposed System |
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
2.3 Facial Landmark Detection |
|
|
28 | (6) |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
2.3.1.1 Distance Signature |
|
|
30 | (1) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
|
31 | (1) |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.3.4 Local Binary Pattern |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.3.4.1 Texture Signature |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
2.4 Formation Of Distance-Shape-Texture Signature Trio For Feature Extraction |
|
|
34 | (1) |
|
2.4.1 Stability Index of Distance-Shape-Texture signature trio |
|
|
34 | (1) |
|
2.4.2 Statistical measures from Distance-Shape-Texture signature trio |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
2.5 Feature Selection Of Distance-Shape-Texture Signature Trio |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
2.6 Classification Of Distance-Shape-Texture Signature Trio Features |
|
|
36 | (2) |
|
2.6.1 Multilayer Perceptron |
|
|
36 | (1) |
|
2.6.2 Training using Nonlinear Auto Regressive with exogenous input |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
2.6.3 Radial Basis Network |
|
|
37 | (1) |
|
2.7 Experiment And Result |
|
|
38 | (9) |
|
2.7.1 Experiment on CK+ Database |
|
|
38 | (2) |
|
2.7.2 Experiment on JAFFE Dataset |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
2.7.3 Experiment on MMI Database |
|
|
41 | (2) |
|
2.7.4 Experiment on MUG Database |
|
|
43 | (3) |
|
2.7.5 Comparison Analysis with Three Artificial Networks and State-of-the-Arts |
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
47 | (6) |
|
Chapter 3 Face Expression Recognition using Side Length Features Induced by Landmark Triangulation |
|
|
53 | (20) |
|
|
|
|
|
54 | (1) |
|
|
55 | (1) |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
|
56 | (1) |
|
|
57 | (6) |
|
3.5.1 Facial Component Detection |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
3.5.2 Formation of Triangles |
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
59 | (3) |
|
3.5.4 Classification Learning |
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
3.6 Discussions And Performance Comparisons |
|
|
63 | (6) |
|
3.6.1 Results on CK+ Database |
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
3.6.2 Results on JAFFE database |
|
|
64 | (2) |
|
3.6.3 Results on MMI database |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
3.6.4 Results on MUG database |
|
|
67 | (2) |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
70 | (3) |
|
Chapter 4 A Study on the Influence of Angular Signature of Landmark Induced Triangulation in Recognizing Changes in Human Emotion |
|
|
73 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
74 | (1) |
|
|
75 | (9) |
|
4.2.1 Landmark Identification |
|
|
76 | (3) |
|
4.2.2 Geometric Feature Extraction |
|
|
79 | (2) |
|
4.2.2.1 Formation of Angular Signature Matrix (ASM) by Triangulation mechanism |
|
|
81 | (3) |
|
4.2.3 Emotion Classification |
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
4.3 Results And Discussion |
|
|
84 | (9) |
|
4.3.1 Experiment on CK+ Database |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
4.3.2 Experiment on MUG Database |
|
|
86 | (3) |
|
4.3.3 Experiment on MMI Database |
|
|
89 | (4) |
|
4.4 Comparison With Other Work |
|
|
93 | (2) |
|
|
95 | (3) |
|
|
98 | (1) |
|
|
99 | (4) |
|
Chapter 5 A Behavioural Model for Persons with Autism Based on Relevant Case Study |
|
|
103 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
104 | (3) |
|
5.2 Review Of Related Works |
|
|
107 | (2) |
|
5.3 Methodology Of The Case Study |
|
|
109 | (4) |
|
|
109 | (1) |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
5.3.3 Study Assessment Scale |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
|
112 | (1) |
|
5.4 Results And Discussion |
|
|
113 | (5) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
118 | (7) |
Index |
|
125 | |