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ix | |
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xi | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xiii | |
| A Note on Transliteration |
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xv | |
| Introduction |
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1 | (9) |
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1 The Emergence of a "Coptic Question" (1800--1952) |
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10 | (30) |
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The Copts in Egyptian Society around 1800 |
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10 | (2) |
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Modernization and Changing Status: The Emancipation of Indigenous Egyptians and Non-Muslims (1820--1860) |
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12 | (2) |
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The Copts and European Christianity: Conflicts and Opportunities (1800--1914) |
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14 | (3) |
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The Coptic Elite (1850--1914): From Scribes to Educated State Servants and Landholders |
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17 | (3) |
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The Colonial Era and the Community Reform Struggle (1860--1952) |
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20 | (6) |
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The Copts between Community Concerns and the National Cause (1870--1923) |
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26 | (8) |
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The Liberal Experiment and the Political Integration of the Copts |
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34 | (6) |
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2 The Rise of Religious Revivalisms (1930--2011) |
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40 | (33) |
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Social Change and Religious Revivalism |
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40 | (4) |
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Coptic Revivalism and the Reform of the Coptic Orthodox Church |
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44 | (15) |
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Coptic and Islamic Revivalism in Comparison |
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59 | (6) |
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Egyptian Society under the Impact of Religious Revivalisms |
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65 | (8) |
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3 The Copts and the Republican Regime (1952--2011) |
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73 | (29) |
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Nasser's "Revolution" and Its Social Consequences |
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73 | (4) |
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Politics of Religion towards Islam and Christianity |
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77 | (2) |
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Regime-Church Relations: Corporatism, Sectarianism, and the "Millet System" |
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79 | (8) |
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The Administration of Religious Difference and the Security State |
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87 | (11) |
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The "Coptic Question" under the Republican Regime |
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98 | (4) |
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4 National Unity and the Dilemmas of Identity and History |
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102 | (34) |
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Eternal Egypt: Egyptianism and Unitary Nationalism |
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102 | (4) |
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Conventional Representations of Muslims and Copts: A Muslim Bias? |
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106 | (7) |
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Highlighting Coptic Patriotism |
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113 | (8) |
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National Unity Narratives in the Political Game |
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121 | (4) |
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Friction: The Rise of Coptic Counter-Narratives |
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125 | (9) |
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134 | (2) |
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5 Religious Patriotism and Conciliation |
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136 | (20) |
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The Discourse of Religious Patriotism |
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138 | (4) |
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Consensus on Public Religious Norms |
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142 | (4) |
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Religious Consensus on the Authority of the Coptic Orthodox Clergy |
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146 | (5) |
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Dilemmas and Shortcomings of the Religious Patriotic Consensus |
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151 | (3) |
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154 | (2) |
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6 Human Rights and Citizenship: The Blocked Alternative |
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156 | (34) |
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The Fight for "Coptic Rights": Liberal or Sectarian? |
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158 | (16) |
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Islam and Liberalism: Toward a Change of Mind on the Coptic Question? |
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174 | (10) |
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Human Rights and Coptic Grievances between Civil Society and the Regime |
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184 | (4) |
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188 | (2) |
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7 The Rise of Sectarian Polemics |
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190 | (23) |
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Polemics I Muslims against Christianity and the Copts |
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191 | (7) |
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Polemics II Copts against Muslims and Islam |
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198 | (7) |
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The Egyptian Public in the Face of Sectarian Polemics |
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205 | (6) |
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211 | (2) |
| Conclusion |
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213 | (8) |
| Notes |
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221 | (68) |
| Bibliography |
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289 | (22) |
| Index |
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311 | |