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E-raamat: Democracy Goes to War: British Military Deployments Under International Law [Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatud]

(, Professor of International Law, University of Sheffield)
  • Formaat: 332 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2009
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199218592
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatud
  • Raamatu hind pole hetkel teada
Democracy Goes to War: British Military Deployments Under International LawSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 332 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 18-Jun-2009
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199218592
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley OnlineRohkem infot Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatute kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199218592.001.0001/acprof-9780199218592
With the end of the Second World War a new world order arose based on the prohibition of military force in international relations, and yet since 1945 British troops have been regularly deployed around the globe: most notably to Korea, Suez, Cyprus, and the Falklands during the Cold War; and Kuwait, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan and Iraq since the fall of the Berlin Wall. British forces have been involved in many different capacities: as military observers, peacekeepers, peace-enforcers, state-builders and war-fighters. The decisions to deploy forces are political ones made within several constitutional frameworks, national, regional and international. After considering the various legal and institutional regimes, this book examines the decision to deploy troops from the perspective of international law.

In its military interventions Britain has consistently tried to utilize international law to justify its actions, though often it argues against orthodox interpretation of the laws. In gauging whether its actions are in breach of international law we can again make judgments at different levels using various forms of accountability - from judicial fora (for example the International Court of Justice in The Hague or the European Court of Human Rights in Strasbourg), to political ones (the UN General Assembly in New York or the House of Commons in Westminster). While this book examines international and regional mechanisms, tumultuous debates on the Suez crisis, Afghanistan, Iraq and others in the House of Commons and its Committees are highlighted to show how international law impacts upon domestic politics. In considering whether democratic accountability is effective in upholding the principles of international law, this book throws new light on an old democracy, and thereby makes a contribution to the current reform proposals that are aimed at improving democratic decision-making.
Table of Cases xi
List of Abbreviations xiii
Introduction 1
1. The British Constitution and Military Action
7
1. Introduction
7
2. The Sovereign's Army
8
3. Democracy and War
12
4. The Modern Constitution and Military Action
19
5. War Before the Courts
22
6. The War Cabinet
25
7. Conclusions
30
2. Lawbreaker or Lawmaker? Britain and International Law on the Use of Force
32
1. Introduction
32
2. The Just War
33
3. Westphalian Order
33
4. Armed Reprisals
35
5. Self-Defence
36
6. Humanitarian Intervention
37
7. The Inter-War Period
38
8. UN Order
39
9. The Cold War
42
10. The UK and the Use of Force in the Cold War
45
10.1 The Corfu Channel 1946
45
10.2 The Suez Crisis 1956
49
11. Post-Cold War and Post-9/11
53
12. Conclusion
56
3. Between Idealism and Realism: Britain, the UN, and NATO
58
1. Introduction
58
2. Britain and the Creation of the UN
58
3. Britain and the Veto
63
4. Britain, the UN, and Collective Security
68
5. Britain and the Founding of NATO
74
6. Britain and the Evolution of NATO
77
7. Conclusion
80
4. From Korea to Kuwait: Britain and Coalitions of the Willing
82
1. Introduction
82
2. Coalitions of the Willing in International Law
82
3. Collective Security and Collective Defence
85
4. The Failure of the UN Charter Scheme
87
5. The Constitutionality of Coalitions
89
6. The International Legal Basis of the Military Operations in Korea and Iraq
90
7. The British Attitude in the UN
92
8. Britain and the Korean War
96
9. Britain and Iraq's invasion of Kuwait
104
10. Conclusion
111
5. A Role for Europe: Britain and the EU
113
1. Introduction
113
2. Part of the Federal Dream
114
3. The Separation of Security
116
4. The Birth of an Economic Giant
117
5. The Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
119
6. The EU as a Regional Arrangement
120
7. Post-War Parliamentary Debates
124
8. Maastricht Debates and Beyond
128
9. Conclusion
134
6. What Peace? British Blue Helmets in Bosnia
135
1. Introduction
135
2. From Peacekeeping to Peace Operations
135
3. Cold War Peacekeeping
137
4. Post-Cold War Peacekeeping
138
5. A Failure to Protect: UNPROFOR 1992-5
140
6. The Nature of the Bosnian Conflict
142
7. Britain and UNPROFOR
146
8. Stronger Peacekeeping
153
9. Conclusion: Bosnia Post-Dayton
157
7. Defending the Nation: the Falklands
160
1. Introduction
160
2. The Modern Right of Self-Defence
160
3. Defensive Action against Threats
163
4. Limitations on the Right of Self-Defence
168
5. Modern Reprisals
171
6. The Falklands War
173
7. Conclusion
182
8. Helping a Friend in Afghanistan
184
1. Introduction
184
2. Pre-Emptive Self-Defence
184
3. An Era of Anglo-American Military Expeditions
188
4. Britain in Afghanistan: Helping a Friend in Collective Self-Defence
195
5. The Battle for Helmand
200
6. Conclusion
204
9. Bombing in the Name of Humanity: the RAF over Kosovo
207
1. Introduction
207
2. A Controversial Doctrine
207
3. Kosovo-the Crystallization of a Customary Right?
211
4. The General Assembly: an Alternative Source of Authority?
218
5. Regional Autonomy?
223
6. Britain and the Bombing Campaign
225
7. Democratic Accountability
232
8. Conclusion: the Future of Humanitarian Intervention
235
10. The Road to Basra 238
1. Introduction
238
2. The Security Council: More Than a Meeting Place
238
3. The Security Council and the Invasion of Iraq
242
4. Political Debate over the Legality of the Invasion
252
5. Post-Invasion Political Debate and Inquiry
259
6. The Security Council and Post-Invasion Iraq
264
7. Conclusion
267
11. Democracy, Accountability, and Military Action 269
1. Introduction
269
2. Accountability and Democracy
269
3. Political Accountability
271
4. The Role of Parliament
275
5. Accountability before the Courts
283
6. The Dominance of Security Concerns before the Courts
288
7. Conclusion
294
Bibliography 297
Index 307
Nigel D. White is Professor of International Law at the University of Sheffield. He has written a number of books, and many articles and essays on the law relating to the use of military force and peacekeeping.
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