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E-raamat: Discovering Superconductivity: An Investigative Approach [Wiley Online]

Edited by (Nottingham Trent University)
  • Formaat: 182 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Aug-2012
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118343182
  • ISBN-13: 9781118343180
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 126,88 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Formaat: 182 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Aug-2012
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1118343182
  • ISBN-13: 9781118343180
Teised raamatud teemal:
Superconductivity is a quantum phenomenon that manifests itself in materials showing zero electrical resistance below a characteristic temperature resulting in the potential for an electric current to run continually through such a material without the need for a power source. Such materials are used extensively in medical and power applications, e.g. MRI and NMR machines. Discovering Superconductivity uses a series of practical and investigative activities, which can be used as tutor demonstrations or as student lab exercises. This highly illustrated text features the following sections: *Introduction - including a brief history of superconductivity *Superconductivity - an explanation of the phenomenon and its effects *Superconducting materials including High & Low temperature superconductors *Applications how superconductivity is used in medical imaging, at CERN and in the Maglev trains This text will serve as an excellent introduction for students, with or without a physics background, to superconductivity. With a strong practical, experimental emphasis, it provides readers with an overview of the topic preparing them for more advanced texts used in advanced undergraduate and post-graduate courses. PowerPoint files of the figures presented within this text are available at: booksupport.wiley.com A word from the author: "The intention of this text is to introduce the reader to the study of superconductivity via a minds-on approach ...The minds-on approach takes this a stage further by requiring the learner to engage with the process to a greater extent."
List of Figures
ix
List of Tables
xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgements xvii
To the Teacher xix
To the Student xxi
SECTION I Introduction
1(28)
1 Resistivity and Conduction in Metals
3(10)
1.1 Introduction
3(1)
1.2 Resistivity
3(2)
1.3 Conduction in Metals
5(2)
1.4 Revisiting Ohm's Law
7(6)
References
11(2)
2 A Brief History of Superconductivity
13(16)
2.1 Introduction
13(1)
2.2 The Beginning: Kwik Nagenoeg Nul
13(3)
2.3 1933 - Perfect Diamagnetism?
16(3)
2.4 The London Brothers
19
2.5 1957-The BCS Theory
19(2)
2.6 1962-The Josephson Effect
21(1)
2.7 1986 - Bednorz and Muller and Oxide Superconductors
22(1)
2.8 2003 - Abrikosov, Ginzburg and Leggett - and the Future
22(2)
2.9 Getting Cold Enough
24(5)
References
26(3)
SECTION II Superconductivity
29(68)
3 An Explanation of Superconductivity?
31
3.1 Transition Temperature
32(2)
3.2 Two-Fluid Model
34(2)
3.3 Critical Field, Critical Current
36(2)
3.4 Schawlow and Devlin
38(1)
3.5 The London Equation
39(2)
3.6 BCS Theory
41(4)
3.6.1 The Isotope Effect
44(1)
3.6.2 The Energy Gap
44(1)
3.7 An Alternative Approach to the Energy Gap
45(6)
3.7.1 Electron-Electron Attraction
47(2)
References
49(2)
4 The Meissner-Ochsenfeld Effect
51(10)
References
59(2)
5 Diamagnetic Effects
61(8)
5.1 Diamagnetism, Paramagnetism and Ferromagnetism
61(8)
References
67(2)
6 Persistence of Current
69(10)
6.1 Quinn and Ittner
71(8)
References
77(2)
7 Type I and Type II Superconductors
79(10)
7.1 Critical Magnetic Field
79(10)
References
88(1)
8 Flux Pinning
89(8)
8.1 Vortex and Flux Lines
90(1)
8.2 The Original Abrikosov
91(6)
References
95(2)
SECTION III Superconducting Materials
97(18)
9 Low-Temperature Superconductors
99(2)
10 Organic Superconductors
101(6)
References
105(2)
11 High-Temperature Superconductors
107(8)
11.1 Magnesium Diboride
111(1)
11.2 Transition Temperature of High-Tc Superconductors
112(3)
References
114(1)
SECTION IV Applications
115(24)
12 Superconducting Wire
117(4)
13 Medical Imaging
121(8)
13.1 Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
121(1)
13.2 Magnetoencephalography
122(7)
13.2.1 The Josephson Junction Revisited
124(3)
13.2.2 Neuronal Currents
127(1)
References
128(1)
14 CERN and the LHC
129(6)
References
133(2)
15 Maglev Trains
135(4)
Appendices
139(24)
A The BCS Theory
141(2)
B Flux Penetration
143(4)
C The Josephson junction and the SQUID
147(4)
D MRI
151(6)
Generating the MRI Signal
151(4)
References
155(2)
E A Note on Superfluidity
157(4)
F A Note on Safety
161(2)
Index 163
Professor Gren Ireson is Professor of Science Education and his research interests include the learning and teaching of particle physics, quantum phenomena and superconductivity. He teaches an undergraduate certificate course, delivering particle physics, astrophysics and quantum phenomena. For the past seven years he has been involved in pan-European projects developing electronic resources, paper resources, training materials and novel investigations for the learning and teaching of superconductivity. This work, currently ongoing, is based on four EU funded projects. In addition to delivering this material to undergraduate certificate students the author has delivered the material to advanced school teachers, post graduate scientists [ non-physicists] and to students and faculty within the School of Science and Technology at Nottingham Trent University.