Coral disease is quickly becoming a crisis to the health and management of the worlds coral reefs. There is a great interest from many in preserving coral reefs. Unfortunately, the field of epizootiology is disorganized and lacks a standard vocabulary, methods, and diagnostic techniques, and tropical marine scientists are poorly trained in wildlife pathology, veterinary medicine, and epidemiology. Diseases of Coral will help to rectify this situation.
Contributors ix
Acknowledgements xii
Editors Comment: Recent Changes in Coral Taxonomy xiii
1 Introduction 1
James W. Porter
2 Pathology 4
Cheryl M. Woodley, Russell A. Harley, James H. Nicholson and Taylor L.
Reynolds
3 Etiology 16
Michael Thrusfield
4 Epidemiology 28
Michael Thrusfield
5 History of Coral Disease Research 52
Andrew W. Bruckner
6 Anatomy 85
Esther C. Peters
7 Morphological, Physiological and Cytological Aspects of Reproduction in
Scleractinian Corals 108
Esti KramarskyWinter
8 The Innate Immune System in Cnidarians 125
Thomas C. G. Bosch and Philip Rosenstiel
9 EndocrineLike Signaling in Corals 138
Ann M. Tarrant
10 Heterotrophic Nutrition of Tropical, Temperate and DeepSea Corals 150
Fanny Houlbrèque, Riccardo RodolfoMetalpa and Christine FerrierPagès
11 Nervous System: Morphology and Physiology of Cnidarian Conducting Systems
164
Gabriele KassSimon and Linda A. Hufnagel
12 Physiology of Skeletogenesis in Scleractinian Coral 192
Fuad A. AlHorani
13 Vibriosis 206
Luba Arotsker and Ariel Kushmaro
14 Acroporid Serratiosis 221
Kathryn Patterson Sutherland, Erin K. Lipp and James W. Porter
15 Aurantimonas coralicidaWhite Plague Type II 231
Laurie L. Richardson
16 Aspergillosis of Caribbean Sea Fan Corals, Gorgonia spp. 236
Kiho Kim and Krystal Rypien
17 Mechanical Lesions and Corallivory 242
Andrew W. Bruckner and Robin J. Bruckner
18 Coral Bleaching: The Roles of Sea Temperature and Solar Radiation 266
Barbara E. Brown and Richard P. Dunne
19 Viruses and Coral Disease 284
William H. Wilson and Cheryl M. Woodley
20 Skeletal Growth Anomalies in Corals 291
Thierry M. Work, Longin T. Kaczmarsky and Esther C. Peters
21 White Syndromes of IndoPacific Corals 300
David G. Bourne, Tracy D. Ainsworth and Bette L. Willis
22 White Syndromes of Western Atlantic ReefBuilding Corals 316
Andrew W. Bruckner
23 IndoPacific ColoredBand Diseases of Corals 333
Laurie J. Raymundo and Ernesto Weil
24 CyanobacterialAssociated ColoredBand Diseases of the Atlantic/Caribbean
345
Laurie L. Richardson, Aaron W. Miller, Patricia L. Blackwelder and Husain
AlSayegh
25 DarkSpots Disease 354
Thierry M. Work and Ernesto Weil
26 Halofolliculina Ciliate Infections on Corals (Skeletal Eroding Disease)
361
Cathie A. Page, Aldo Cróquer, Carolina Bastidas, Sebastian Rodríguez,
Stephen J. Neale, Ernesto Weil and Bette L. Willis
27 YellowBand Diseases 376
Andrew W. Bruckner and Bernhard Riegl
28 Porites Trematodiasis 387
Greta Smith Aeby
29 PinkLine Syndrome 391
Jeyaraman Ravindran, C. Raghukumar and B. Manikandan
30 Coral Bleaching as a Generalized Stress Response to Environmental
Disturbance 396
Andrew C. Baker and Ross Cunning
31 Diseases of Octocorals, 410
Kiho Kim
32 The Diseases of DeepWater Corals 416
Alex David Rogers, Kirsty M. Kemp, Andrew J. Davies and Michelle Lisa
Taylor
33 Biocontainment Practices for Coral Disease Research 442
Duan Pali, Janet V. Warg and Thierry M. Work
34 Closing Pandoras Box: Regulations and Permitting Considerations for
Coral Disease Research 458
David Gulko, Cheryl M. Woodley and Sylvia B. Galloway
35 Coral Regeneration Assay 472
Elizabeth F. Moses and Pamela Hallock
36 Coral Tissue Culture and Micropropagation 482
Maya Vizel and Esti KramarskyWinter
37 Coral Cell and Tissue Culture Methods 489
Isabelle DomartCoulon and Gary K. Ostrander
38 Theory and Application of Pulse Amplitude Modulated Chlorophyll
Fluorometry in Coral HealthAssessment 506
Peter J. Ralph, Ross Hill, Martina A. Doblin and Simon K. Davy
39 Zooxanthellae Viability Assay 524
Martina M. Burtscher, Lisa A. May, Craig A. Downs and Thomas Bartlett
40 Quantifying Total Porphyrin Species from Scleractinian Coral Tissue
Extracts 538
Cheryl M. Woodley, Athena R. Burnett and Craig A. Downs
41 Chemiluminescent Method for Quantifying DNA Abasic Lesions in
Scleractinian Coral Tissues 547
Lisa A. May and Cheryl M. Woodley
Glossary 556
Index 570
James Porter is Professor of Ecology and Marine Sciences at the Institute of Ecology at the University of Georgia. Cheryl Woodley is the Chair of the Coral Disease and Health Consortium for the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration.
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