Preface |
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ix | |
About the Authors |
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xi | |
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Chapter 1 Concrete Durability and Surface Deterioration |
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1 | (10) |
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1 | (1) |
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2 | (1) |
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1.3 Concrete Surface Deteriorations |
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3 | (1) |
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1.4 Causes of Concrete Degradation |
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3 | (1) |
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1.5 Existing Surface Repair Materials |
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4 | (2) |
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1.6 Waste Materials-Based High-Performance Geopolymers |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (4) |
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7 | (4) |
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Chapter 2 Geopolymer as Emerging Repair Materials |
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11 | (20) |
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11 | (2) |
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13 | (2) |
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2.3 Geopolymer Mortar as Repair Materials |
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15 | (1) |
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2.4 Geopolymer Performance |
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16 | (4) |
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2.5 Durability and Sustainability |
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20 | (1) |
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21 | (1) |
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2.7 Environment Suitability and Safety Features |
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22 | (1) |
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2.8 Merits and Demerits of Geopolymer as Repair Material |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (8) |
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24 | (7) |
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Chapter 3 Manufacturing Geopolymer: Materials and Mix Design |
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31 | (20) |
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31 | (1) |
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3.2 Fly Ash-Based Geopolymer Binder |
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32 | (1) |
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3.2.1 Effect of FA on Workability and Strength Properties |
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32 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Effect of FA on Durability of Geopolymer |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (2) |
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3.3.1 Effect of POFA on Workability and Strength Properties |
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34 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Effect of POFA on Durability of Geopolymer |
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35 | (1) |
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3.4 Ground Blast Furnace Slag |
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35 | (2) |
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3.4.1 Effect of GBFS on Workability and Strength Properties |
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35 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Effect of GBFS on Durability of Geopolymer |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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3.5.1 Effect of Ceramic Wastes on Workability and Strength Properties |
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37 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Effect of Ceramic Waste on Durability of Geopolymer |
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38 | (1) |
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3.6 Alkaline Activator Solutions |
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38 | (4) |
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3.6.1 Workability and Strength Performance |
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39 | (2) |
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3.6.2 Effect of Solution on Durability of Geopolymer |
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41 | (1) |
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3.7 Characteristics of Various Geopolymers |
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42 | (1) |
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3.8 Geopolymer Mix Design |
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42 | (2) |
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44 | (7) |
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44 | (7) |
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Chapter 4 Factors Effect on the Manufacturing of Geopolymer |
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51 | (26) |
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51 | (1) |
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4.2 Fresh Properties of Geopolymer |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (5) |
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4.3.1 Effect of Calcium Content |
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54 | (2) |
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4.3.2 Effect of Alkaline Solution Characterization |
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56 | (2) |
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4.3.3 Effect of Aggregate-to-Binder Ratio |
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58 | (1) |
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4.3.4 Effect H2O:Na2O Ratio |
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58 | (1) |
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4.3.5 SiO2:Na2O Ratio Effect |
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59 | (1) |
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59 | (5) |
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4.4.1 Effect Calcium Content |
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59 | (2) |
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4.4.2 Effect of Alkaline Activator Solution |
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61 | (1) |
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4.4.3 Effect of Silicate-to-Aluminium Ratio |
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62 | (1) |
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4.4.4 Effect of Solid-to-Liquid Ratio |
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62 | (1) |
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4.4.5 Effect of Curing Humidity |
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63 | (1) |
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4.4.6 Effect of SiO2:K2O Ratio |
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63 | (1) |
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4.4.7 Bond Strength at Elevated Temperatures |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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65 | (2) |
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4.7 Abrasion--Erosion Resistance |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (3) |
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4.9 Failure Mode and Interface Zone |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (5) |
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73 | (4) |
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Chapter 5 Performance Criteria of Geopolymer as Repair Materials |
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77 | (20) |
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77 | (1) |
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78 | (3) |
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5.3 Geopolymer Mix Design |
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81 | (2) |
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5.4 Workability Performance |
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83 | (4) |
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5.5 Compressive Strength Performance |
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87 | (2) |
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5.6 Splitting Tensile Strength |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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5.8 Bond Strength Performance |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (5) |
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93 | (4) |
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Chapter 6 Compatibility of Geopolymer for Concrete Surface Repair |
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97 | (26) |
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97 | (2) |
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6.2 Geopolymer Preparation |
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99 | (3) |
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6.3 Workability of Fresh GPMs |
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102 | (2) |
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104 | (6) |
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6.5 Slant Shear Bonding Strength |
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110 | (1) |
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6.6 Thermal Expansion Coefficient |
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111 | (2) |
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6.7 Third-Point Loading Flexural |
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113 | (3) |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (6) |
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118 | (5) |
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Chapter 7 Effects of Aggressive Environments on Geopolymer Performance as Repair Materials |
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123 | (26) |
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123 | (2) |
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7.2 Geopolymer Ternary Blended |
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125 | (4) |
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7.3 Procedures of Geopolymer Tests |
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129 | (1) |
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7.4 Compressive Strength Performance |
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130 | (2) |
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7.5 Bond Strength of Geopolymer |
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132 | (2) |
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7.6 Effect of Sulphuric Acid Attack |
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134 | (4) |
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7.7 Geopolymer Resistance to Sulphate Attacks |
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138 | (3) |
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7.8 Effect of Elevated Temperatures |
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141 | (2) |
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143 | (6) |
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145 | (4) |
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Chapter 8 Performance Evaluation of Geopolymer as Repair Materials Under Freeze-Thaw Cycles |
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149 | (18) |
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149 | (2) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (2) |
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8.4 Surface Abrasion Resistance |
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154 | (1) |
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8.5 Freezing--Thawing Cycle Resistance |
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155 | (5) |
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160 | (1) |
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8.7 Wet--Dry Cycle Resistance |
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161 | (2) |
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163 | (4) |
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164 | (3) |
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Chapter 9 Methods of Evaluating the Geopolymer Efficiency as Alternative Concrete Surface Repair Materials Compared to Commercials Products |
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167 | (12) |
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167 | (2) |
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9.2 Causes of Concrete Surface Degradation |
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169 | (1) |
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9.3 Commercial Repair Materials |
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170 | (3) |
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9.3.1 Cement-Based Materials |
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171 | (1) |
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9.3.2 Polymer-Modified Cement-Based Materials |
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172 | (1) |
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9.3.3 Epoxy-Based Materials |
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172 | (1) |
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9.4 Selection of Repair Materials |
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173 | (1) |
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9.5 Development of Geopolymer as Repair Materials |
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173 | (2) |
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9.6 Efficiency Evaluation of Geopolymer as Repair Materials |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (3) |
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178 | (1) |
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Chapter 10 Sustainability of Geopolymer as Repair Materials |
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179 | (28) |
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179 | (2) |
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10.2 Geopolymer Preparation |
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181 | (2) |
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10.3 Strength Performance |
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183 | (4) |
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10.4 Life Cycle Assessment |
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187 | (6) |
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10.5 Modified LCA with Respect to CS and Durability |
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193 | (2) |
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10.6 ANN for Estimating CO2 Emission and EE |
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195 | (7) |
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195 | (1) |
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10.6.2 Cuckoo Optimization Algorithm |
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195 | (1) |
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10.6.3 Generation of Training and Testing Data Sets |
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196 | (3) |
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10.6.4 Model Predictions and Results |
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199 | (3) |
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202 | (5) |
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203 | (4) |
Index |
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207 | |