| Preface |
|
xix | |
|
|
|
xxi | |
|
|
|
|
Introduction to Inorganic High Performance Pigments |
|
|
3 | (4) |
|
|
|
|
|
3 | (1) |
|
Survey of Inorganic Pigments |
|
|
4 | (1) |
|
New Candidates on the Catwalk of Color |
|
|
5 | (1) |
|
Challenges for the Future |
|
|
6 | (1) |
|
|
|
7 | (6) |
|
|
|
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
|
7 | (1) |
|
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
Properties and Applications |
|
|
8 | (2) |
|
|
|
8 | (1) |
|
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Light Fastness and Weather Resistance |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
Chemical and Solvent Resistance |
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
|
|
10 | (2) |
|
|
|
10 | (1) |
|
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
Conformity of Pigments for Plastics Coloration to Food and Drug Regulations |
|
|
11 | (1) |
|
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
|
|
12 | (1) |
|
|
|
13 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
13 | (1) |
|
|
|
13 | (2) |
|
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
|
|
15 | (1) |
|
Chemistry of Cadmium, Selenium and Cadmium Sulfide |
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
|
|
16 | (1) |
|
Substitution in the CdS Lattice |
|
|
17 | (1) |
|
Method of Pigment Manufacture |
|
|
17 | (5) |
|
|
|
17 | (2) |
|
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
Cadmium Metal Dissolution |
|
|
19 | (1) |
|
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
|
20 | (1) |
|
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
|
21 | (1) |
|
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
Removal of Soluble Cadmium |
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
|
22 | (1) |
|
|
|
22 | (2) |
|
|
|
24 | (1) |
|
|
|
25 | (2) |
|
|
|
27 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
27 | (1) |
|
Rare Earth Sulfides and the Origins of their Color |
|
|
28 | (3) |
|
Cerium Sulfide Pigment: Manufacture |
|
|
31 | (3) |
|
Properties and Applications |
|
|
34 | (5) |
|
|
|
34 | (4) |
|
Paint and Coatings Application |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
Miscellaneous Applications |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Toxicology and Environmental Aspects |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
Toxicological and Environmental Concerns during the Manufacturing Process |
|
|
40 | (1) |
|
Complex Inorganic Color Pigments: An Overview |
|
|
41 | (12) |
|
|
|
|
|
41 | (1) |
|
|
|
42 | (2) |
|
|
|
44 | (1) |
|
|
|
44 | (3) |
|
|
|
45 | (1) |
|
|
|
46 | (1) |
|
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
|
|
47 | (1) |
|
Cobalt Chromium Aluminates |
|
|
48 | (1) |
|
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
|
49 | (1) |
|
|
|
50 | (1) |
|
|
|
51 | (2) |
|
Titanate Pigments: Colored Rutile, Priderite, and Pseudobrookite Structured Pigments |
|
|
53 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
|
53 | (2) |
|
|
|
55 | (3) |
|
Doped-Rutile (DR) Pigments |
|
|
57 | (1) |
|
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
|
58 | (1) |
|
|
|
58 | (4) |
|
|
|
59 | (2) |
|
|
|
61 | (1) |
|
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
|
|
62 | (1) |
|
|
|
63 | (14) |
|
|
|
63 | (1) |
|
Visible Spectral Characterization |
|
|
63 | (3) |
|
UV and NIR Spectral Characterization |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
Particle Size Distribution |
|
|
66 | (1) |
|
X-ray Diffraction Characterization |
|
|
67 | (1) |
|
|
|
68 | (1) |
|
Oil Absorption and Specific Surface Area |
|
|
69 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
|
70 | (1) |
|
|
|
71 | (1) |
|
|
|
72 | (5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
77 | (28) |
|
|
|
|
|
77 | (1) |
|
Pearlescent and Interference Pigments |
|
|
78 | (18) |
|
Optical Principles of Pearlescent and Interference Pigments |
|
|
79 | (3) |
|
Substrate-Free Pearlescent Pigments |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
|
|
83 | (1) |
|
Pigments Formed by Coating of Substrates |
|
|
84 | (1) |
|
Metal Oxide-Mica Pigments |
|
|
84 | (6) |
|
|
|
90 | (4) |
|
|
|
94 | (2) |
|
Borosilicate-based Pigments |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
Effect Pigments Formed by Coating of Metal Flakes |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
Pigments Formed by Grinding a Film |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
Pigments Based on Liquid Crystal Polymers |
|
|
98 | (7) |
|
|
|
101 | (1) |
|
Pigments Based on Holography and Gratings |
|
|
102 | (1) |
|
|
|
103 | (2) |
|
Crystal Design of High Performance Pigments |
|
|
105 | (24) |
|
|
|
|
|
105 | (1) |
|
Crystal Engineering of Organic Pigments |
|
|
106 | (7) |
|
|
|
106 | (2) |
|
|
|
108 | (1) |
|
|
|
109 | (4) |
|
Crystal Structure Determination |
|
|
113 | (2) |
|
Crystal Structure Calculation |
|
|
115 | (7) |
|
|
|
115 | (1) |
|
Crystal Structure Calculations of Pigments |
|
|
116 | (2) |
|
|
|
118 | (1) |
|
|
|
119 | (2) |
|
|
|
121 | (1) |
|
Control of Interfacial Properties Through Tailor-Made Additives |
|
|
122 | (7) |
|
|
|
129 | (226) |
|
The Global Market for Organic High Performance Pigments |
|
|
131 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
131 | (1) |
|
The 1999 Market for Organic High Performance Pigments |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
The Producers of High Performance Pigments |
|
|
133 | (1) |
|
The Demand for HPP by Consumer Market Segments |
|
|
133 | (4) |
|
|
|
134 | (1) |
|
The Trade Balance of HPP among these Regions |
|
|
134 | (3) |
|
|
|
137 | (1) |
|
Market Requirements and Trends |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Industrial/Decorative Paints |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Marketing Strategies of Main HPP Producers |
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
|
|
138 | (1) |
|
Benzimidazolone Pigments and Related Structures |
|
|
139 | (26) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
139 | (4) |
|
|
|
143 | (2) |
|
|
|
145 | (1) |
|
Typical Properties and Major Reasons for Use |
|
|
146 | (8) |
|
Pigment Grades, Discussion of Individual Pigments |
|
|
154 | (4) |
|
Pigment Manufacturers, Economics |
|
|
158 | (6) |
|
Safety, Health and Environmental Aspects |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
Diketopyrrolopyrrole (DPP) Pigments |
|
|
165 | (30) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
|
|
166 | (4) |
|
|
|
166 | (2) |
|
|
|
168 | (1) |
|
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
|
|
169 | (1) |
|
Molecular Structure and Properties |
|
|
170 | (6) |
|
|
|
170 | (2) |
|
Spectral Properties - Fluorescence |
|
|
172 | (2) |
|
Single X-ray Structure Analysis |
|
|
174 | (2) |
|
|
|
176 | (4) |
|
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution |
|
|
177 | (1) |
|
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution |
|
|
177 | (1) |
|
|
|
178 | (1) |
|
Transformations on the Carbonyl Group |
|
|
179 | (1) |
|
|
|
180 | (5) |
|
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
|
|
180 | (1) |
|
|
|
181 | (1) |
|
|
|
182 | (2) |
|
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
Conventional Applications |
|
|
185 | (5) |
|
Nonconventional Applications |
|
|
190 | (5) |
|
Dioxazine Violet Pigments |
|
|
195 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
The Chemistry of Dioxazine Pigments |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
|
|
196 | (6) |
|
|
|
197 | (1) |
|
Cyclization of the Dianil |
|
|
197 | (5) |
|
Pigmentation and Properties |
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
|
|
202 | (1) |
|
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
|
|
203 | (2) |
|
Preparation/Production Methods |
|
|
203 | (1) |
|
|
|
204 | (1) |
|
Disazocondensation Pigments |
|
|
205 | (16) |
|
|
|
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
|
|
205 | (1) |
|
|
|
206 | (8) |
|
Commercialized Pigments (Past and Present [ 4]) |
|
|
207 | (5) |
|
|
|
212 | (2) |
|
Synthesis and Manufacture |
|
|
214 | (2) |
|
Characterization, Properties, Application |
|
|
216 | (5) |
|
Physical Characterization |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
Properties and Applications |
|
|
217 | (4) |
|
|
|
221 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
221 | (3) |
|
|
|
224 | (2) |
|
|
|
226 | (3) |
|
Typical Properties and Major Reasons for Use |
|
|
229 | (1) |
|
Crystal Structures of Isoindoline Pigments |
|
|
229 | (7) |
|
|
|
229 | (3) |
|
|
|
232 | (1) |
|
|
|
233 | (3) |
|
Pigment Grades; Discussion of Individual Pigments |
|
|
236 | (3) |
|
Pigment Manufacturers; Economics |
|
|
239 | (1) |
|
|
|
240 | (3) |
|
|
|
243 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
243 | (1) |
|
|
|
244 | (10) |
|
Azomethine-Type Isoindolinones |
|
|
244 | (8) |
|
Methine-Type Isoindolinones |
|
|
252 | (1) |
|
Metal Complexes Based on Isoindolinones |
|
|
253 | (1) |
|
Physicochemical Properties |
|
|
254 | (3) |
|
Commercial Products and Applications |
|
|
257 | (4) |
|
|
|
261 | (14) |
|
|
|
Definition of Perylene Pigments |
|
|
261 | (2) |
|
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
|
|
261 | (2) |
|
|
|
263 | (4) |
|
Conversion of Perylenes: Acenaphthene to Perylene Tetracarboxylic Acid Diimide (PTCI, Pigment Violet 29) |
|
|
263 | (2) |
|
Synthesis of Perylene Tetracarboxylic Acid Dianhydride (PTCA) by Hydrolysis of PTCI to PTCA, and PTCA as a Pigment (Pigment Red 224) |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
Alkylation of PTCI to Pigment Red 179 and other Perylene Pigments |
|
|
265 | (1) |
|
Synthesis of Perylene Pigments and Mixed Crystals by Condensation of PTCA with Amines |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
Half Imide, Half Anhydrides of PTCA (10) |
|
|
266 | (1) |
|
Derivatives of Perylene as Performance Enhancers |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
The Conditioning of Perylene Diimide Pigments |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
Mixed Crystals and Solid Solutions of Perylene Diimide Pigments |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
Drying of Perylene Pigments |
|
|
268 | (1) |
|
Physical Chemistry and Color Physics of Perylene Pigments |
|
|
269 | (1) |
|
Perylene Pigments and their Applications |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
Perylenes as Functional Colorants |
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
|
|
271 | (1) |
|
Pricing Trends and Economics of Use |
|
|
272 | (1) |
|
Health, Safety, and Environmental Considerations |
|
|
272 | (3) |
|
Phthalocyanines - High Performance Pigments and Their Applications |
|
|
275 | (18) |
|
|
|
|
|
275 | (1) |
|
Application of Optical Properties |
|
|
276 | (6) |
|
Color Filters for Liquid Crystal Display Devices |
|
|
276 | (1) |
|
|
|
277 | (2) |
|
|
|
279 | (2) |
|
|
|
281 | (1) |
|
Application of Optoelectronic Properties |
|
|
282 | (5) |
|
Electrophotographic Photoreceptor |
|
|
282 | (4) |
|
Nonlinear Optical Devices |
|
|
286 | (1) |
|
|
|
287 | (2) |
|
|
|
287 | (1) |
|
|
|
288 | (1) |
|
|
|
289 | (4) |
|
|
|
293 | (38) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
293 | (1) |
|
|
|
293 | (2) |
|
|
|
295 | (9) |
|
The Synthesis of DMSS from Dimethyl Succinate |
|
|
295 | (1) |
|
By-Products Produced During the Synthesis and Isolation of DMSS |
|
|
295 | (2) |
|
Synthesis of DMSS from Diketene (Methyl 4-Chloroacetoacetate) |
|
|
297 | (1) |
|
Synthesis of Quinacridones by the Thermal Process |
|
|
298 | (2) |
|
Synthesis of Quinacridones by the PPA Process |
|
|
300 | (3) |
|
Synthesis of Quinacridones by Application of the Ullmann Reaction |
|
|
303 | (1) |
|
Recently Introduced Quinacridone Products |
|
|
304 | (1) |
|
Structural Data and Spectra |
|
|
305 | (3) |
|
|
|
308 | (3) |
|
Substituted Quinacridones |
|
|
311 | (2) |
|
Photostability and a Suggested Mechanism |
|
|
313 | (2) |
|
|
|
315 | (2) |
|
Other 6,13-Disubstituted Quinacridones |
|
|
317 | (1) |
|
|
|
318 | (5) |
|
Conditioning and Surface Treatment of Quinacridones |
|
|
323 | (2) |
|
|
|
325 | (1) |
|
Health and Safety Factors |
|
|
326 | (1) |
|
|
|
326 | (5) |
|
|
|
331 | (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
331 | (2) |
|
|
|
333 | (1) |
|
|
|
334 | (1) |
|
Typical Properties and Major Reasons for Use |
|
|
335 | (1) |
|
Pigment Grades and Discussion of Individual Pigments |
|
|
336 | (3) |
|
Discussion of Individual Pigments |
|
|
338 | (1) |
|
Pigment Manufacturers: Economics |
|
|
339 | (1) |
|
|
|
340 | (1) |
|
Imidazolone-Annellated Triphenedioxazine Pigments |
|
|
341 | (14) |
|
|
|
|
|
341 | (1) |
|
On the Structure of Pigment Violet 23 |
|
|
342 | (2) |
|
Imidazolone-Annellated Triphenedioxazine Pigments |
|
|
344 | (11) |
|
|
|
345 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
|
|
346 | (1) |
|
Other Imidazolone-Annellated Triphenedioxazine Pigments |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
Crystal Engineering on Imidazolone-Annellated Triphenedioxazine Pigments |
|
|
347 | (1) |
|
Structure Determination from X-Ray Powder Data |
|
|
348 | (1) |
|
Crystal Structures of Pigment Blue 80 and the Dimethyl Derivative (4b) |
|
|
349 | (2) |
|
Crystal Engineering: Pigment Violet 57 |
|
|
351 | (4) |
|
|
|
355 | (142) |
|
Chemical and Physical Characterization of High Performance Organic Pigments |
|
|
357 | (52) |
|
|
|
|
|
357 | (2) |
|
Visible Spectrophotometry |
|
|
359 | (9) |
|
|
|
359 | (3) |
|
Applications of Visible Spectroscopy |
|
|
362 | (1) |
|
|
|
362 | (2) |
|
Visible Spectra of Quinacridone Pigments |
|
|
364 | (2) |
|
Visible Spectra of Other Pigments |
|
|
366 | (2) |
|
Applications of FT-IR Spectroscopy |
|
|
368 | (5) |
|
|
|
368 | (2) |
|
Applications of Infrared Spectroscopy |
|
|
370 | (3) |
|
Mass Spectrometry Techniques |
|
|
373 | (5) |
|
|
|
373 | (5) |
|
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography |
|
|
378 | (2) |
|
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
|
378 | (2) |
|
|
|
380 | (10) |
|
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
|
|
382 | (1) |
|
|
|
382 | (8) |
|
Particle Sizing Techniques |
|
|
390 | (14) |
|
|
|
390 | (3) |
|
Transmission Electron Microscopy |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
Sample Preparation for TEM Analysis |
|
|
393 | (1) |
|
|
|
394 | (2) |
|
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
|
|
396 | (1) |
|
Applications of Optical Microscopy |
|
|
397 | (1) |
|
Particle Size by Ultracentrifugal Sedimentation and Comparison to TEM |
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
|
|
398 | (1) |
|
Applications of Particle Sizing by Ultracentrifugation |
|
|
399 | (5) |
|
Thermal Analysis and Decomposition Temperatures of HPOPs |
|
|
404 | (3) |
|
Product Safety and Environmental Testing of HPOPs |
|
|
407 | (2) |
|
Regulatory Affairs for High Performance Pigments: North America |
|
|
409 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
Toxic Substances Control Act |
|
|
409 | (2) |
|
|
|
411 | (2) |
|
Assessment of the Canadian DSL |
|
|
412 | (1) |
|
|
|
413 | (1) |
|
Toxic Release Inventory Reporting |
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
Regulation of de minimis Levels |
|
|
414 | (1) |
|
Food and Drug Administration |
|
|
415 | (1) |
|
Color Pigments in General |
|
|
415 | (3) |
|
|
|
418 | (2) |
|
Nanotechnology and Regulation |
|
|
420 | (3) |
|
High Production Volume (HPV) Substances |
|
|
423 | (1) |
|
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
|
|
424 | (1) |
|
Carbazole Violet Pigments |
|
|
425 | (1) |
|
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
|
|
426 | (2) |
|
Complex Inorganic Color Pigments |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
|
|
427 | (1) |
|
|
|
428 | (3) |
|
Regulatory and Legislative Aspects of Relevance to High Performance Pigments: Europe |
|
|
431 | (36) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
431 | (1) |
|
The European Union and its Institutions |
|
|
431 | (4) |
|
|
|
432 | (1) |
|
European Parliament (E.P.) |
|
|
433 | (1) |
|
The Council of the European Union and other Institutions |
|
|
434 | (1) |
|
|
|
434 | (1) |
|
The Major EU Directives Governing Chemical Control |
|
|
435 | (17) |
|
Dangerous Substances (Commission Directive 67/548/EEC) |
|
|
436 | (1) |
|
Some Differences between EU and US Requirements |
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
|
|
438 | (2) |
|
Classification and Labeling |
|
|
440 | (4) |
|
Dangerous Preparations (E.P. and Council Directive 1999/45/EEC) |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Safety Data Sheets (Commission Directive 2001/58/EC) |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Existing Substances, Priority Lists, Risk Assessment (Council Regulation EEC 793/93) |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Restrictions of Marketing and Use |
|
|
445 | (2) |
|
|
|
447 | (1) |
|
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Packaging and Packaging Waste (E.P. and Council Directive 94/62/EC) |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Food Packaging Legislation |
|
|
449 | (3) |
|
Technical Barriers to Trade |
|
|
452 | (1) |
|
|
|
452 | (6) |
|
|
|
453 | (1) |
|
Wassergefahrdungsklassen (Water-Hazard Classes) |
|
|
453 | (1) |
|
|
|
454 | (1) |
|
|
|
455 | (2) |
|
|
|
457 | (1) |
|
Future Enlargement of the EU (PHARE and similar programs) |
|
|
458 | (2) |
|
Nonregulatory Initiatives |
|
|
460 | (2) |
|
High Production Volume (HPV) Chemicals Testing Initiative |
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
|
|
460 | (1) |
|
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
Availability of Information on Current Regulations |
|
|
462 | (1) |
|
|
|
463 | (4) |
|
Infrared Reflecting Complex Inorganic Colored Pigments |
|
|
467 | (22) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (3) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
|
|
470 | (1) |
|
|
|
471 | (2) |
|
ASTM E903: Integrating Sphere Spectrophotometer [ 3] |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
ASTM C1549: Portable Solar Reflectometer [ 4] |
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
ASTM E1918: Pyranometer [ 5] |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
ASTM D4803: Heat Buildup [ 6] |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
|
|
473 | (9) |
|
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
Doped Rutile Titanate Yellows and Tans |
|
|
473 | (2) |
|
|
|
475 | (1) |
|
CrFe and Other CICP IR Blacks |
|
|
476 | (3) |
|
New Inorganic IR Black Pigments |
|
|
479 | (1) |
|
|
|
480 | (1) |
|
|
|
481 | (1) |
|
Formulation with IR Pigments |
|
|
482 | (3) |
|
|
|
483 | (1) |
|
|
|
484 | (1) |
|
|
|
485 | (2) |
|
|
|
485 | (1) |
|
Specifications on ``Cool Roof'' |
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
486 | (1) |
|
|
|
487 | (2) |
|
Toxicology and Ecotoxicology Issues with High Performance Pigments |
|
|
489 | (8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
Recent Toxicological Testing of High Performance Pigments |
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
Past Confusion in Assessment of HPPs |
|
|
490 | (3) |
|
Confusion between Water Soluble Salts of Inorganic Metals and Related but Insoluble Pigments |
|
|
490 | (1) |
|
Confusion bBetween Pigments and their Associated Impurities |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
False Positives in Genotoxicity Testing of Organic HPPs |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
Over-Reliance on Structure Activity Relationship (SAR) Assessment of HPPs |
|
|
491 | (1) |
|
Confusion over Inaccurate ``PBT'' Classifications of HPPs |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Inadequacy of Recent Computer-Driven Models for Substance Profiling |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Inadequacy of Partition Coefficient Calculations in Evaluating Bioaccumulation |
|
|
492 | (1) |
|
Continued Polarization Between Environmental NGOs and Industry Groups |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
Current Programs for Toxicological and Ecotoxicological Assessment of HPPs |
|
|
493 | (1) |
|
|
|
494 | (3) |
|
Future Protocols for HPPs |
|
|
494 | (1) |
|
Implementation of the Prior Informed Consent (PIC) Treaty |
|
|
494 | (3) |
| Appendix |
|
497 | (6) |
| Index |
|
503 | |
Rohkem infot Wiley Online kohta