| Acknowledgments |
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xi | |
| Preface |
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xii | |
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1 The method: legal pluralism and comparative constitutional law: complementary methodology in the protection of religious difference |
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1 | (30) |
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1 Legal hybridity and legal pluralism: state law as one way of imagining the real |
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1 | (11) |
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2 The relationship of international and comparative law with legal pluralism |
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12 | (19) |
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a The value of difference in comparative law and human rights |
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18 | (6) |
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b The protection of religious difference in times of legal plurality |
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24 | (7) |
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2 The concepts: revisiting religious diversity within multicultural classrooms: religious freedom, education and equality |
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31 | (21) |
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1 Introduction: human rights and normative conflict |
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31 | (4) |
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2 The right to freedom of religion in education: religion as a secular blasphemy? |
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35 | (5) |
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3 Secularization, secularism and the right to religious freedom |
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40 | (5) |
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4 Educational autonomy, religious freedom and equality |
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45 | (4) |
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5 The neutrality of education and the principle of equality |
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49 | (3) |
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3 The standards: interpreting the content of rights: the legal interaction of religious freedom, education and non-discrimination |
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52 | (21) |
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1 Introduction: the relevance of religion in education |
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52 | (2) |
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2 The nature of the right to education |
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54 | (4) |
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3 The content of the right to education in its religious/cultural dimension |
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58 | (4) |
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4 The right to religious freedom within education: a path towards co-existence? |
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62 | (7) |
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5 The right to equality and non-discrimination in the context of religious diversity in public education |
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69 | (4) |
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4 Plural public education in Israel: for equal or different students? |
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73 | (40) |
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1 Legal pluralism in Israel: the context |
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73 | (4) |
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2 The Normative justification of the close entanglement between religion and the State in education |
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77 | (3) |
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3 The design of educational religious pluralism: general features |
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80 | (4) |
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4 Constitutional pluralism and religious diversity |
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84 | (5) |
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a The ambiguous principle of equality |
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84 | (3) |
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b The role of the State in Israel in the provision of religious services |
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87 | (2) |
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5 Educational diversification according to religious belonging |
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89 | (14) |
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a Arab sector education: patterns of discrimination against Israeli Palestinian Arab learners |
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89 | (7) |
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b Ultra-Orthodox education |
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96 | (7) |
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6 Educational pluralism, autonomy and accommodation of religious identity in Israeli state-sponsored schools |
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103 | (7) |
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7 Concluding remarks: education and democratic governance |
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110 | (3) |
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5 Avoiding religion? The question of religious identity conflicts in education in South Africa |
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113 | (35) |
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1 Introduction: legal pluralism in South Africa |
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113 | (3) |
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2 Equality and difference: constitutional contours and interpretation |
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116 | (4) |
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3 The right to religious freedom |
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120 | (7) |
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a Religion and the right to education in South Africa: accommodating difference in schools? |
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122 | (4) |
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b Religion with (out) culture |
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126 | (1) |
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127 | (4) |
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5 The special case of independent schools in South Africa |
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131 | (1) |
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6 The South African approach to religious diversity in education |
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132 | (7) |
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a A historical account: the legacies of apartheid |
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132 | (2) |
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b Religion in education in contemporary South Africa |
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134 | (4) |
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c Desegregation: a determining framing factor |
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138 | (1) |
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7 Effects of religious diversity policy in education: governance implications |
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139 | (9) |
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6 From tradition to modernity and back: religious diversity in English schools as a test-case for multicultural societies |
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148 | (38) |
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1 Introduction: multiculturalism, legal pluralism and conflict |
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148 | (5) |
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2 Education and faith in curricular development in the UK |
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153 | (5) |
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a Religion in education: the legal framework |
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154 | (2) |
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156 | (2) |
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158 | (6) |
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4 The special case of `faith schools' in Britain |
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164 | (2) |
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5 The question of citizenship education in a post-multicultural setting |
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166 | (2) |
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6 Religious literacy and religious education policy outcomes |
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168 | (13) |
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a The place of religious education in the national curriculum |
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169 | (2) |
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b Teachers' Agency in delivering religious diversity in education |
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171 | (1) |
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c Religious freedom as manifestation: religious symbols and school uniforms |
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172 | (1) |
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d `Faith schools' as a test-ground of religious diversity education |
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173 | (8) |
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7 Concluding remarks: the ambiguous role of religious belief in English public education |
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181 | (5) |
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7 Negotiating religious identity in public classrooms |
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186 | (21) |
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1 Introduction: the efficiency of legal pluralism as a frame in religiously diverse education: power, agency and the law |
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186 | (4) |
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2 Religious diversity as a conflict regulating factor: testing the limits of the social magic of law |
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190 | (8) |
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a Religious education as a public good |
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194 | (2) |
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b (Inequality in and through education |
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196 | (2) |
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3 The management of religious disputes within education in plural societies: methods, conditions and challenges |
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198 | (9) |
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a The role of context in promoting religious diversity in education |
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200 | (2) |
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b Religious pluralism and the new role of the State |
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202 | (2) |
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c The challenges of education systems in protecting religious difference |
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204 | (3) |
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8 Legal empowerment through religious diversity in schools |
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207 | (20) |
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1 Religion in education: a shifting agenda |
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207 | (6) |
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a Education as development: globalizing and transnational dimensions |
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208 | (1) |
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b `Faith schools': religious communities' agency in action |
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209 | (4) |
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2 Religious diversity in education within an empowerment frame |
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213 | (11) |
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a Religious identity-building as empowerment |
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216 | (3) |
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b Religious education and citizenship -plurality as opportunity |
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219 | (5) |
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224 | (3) |
| References |
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227 | (22) |
| European Court of Human Rights cases |
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249 | (1) |
| Domestic case law |
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249 | (2) |
| International and European legal texts |
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251 | (2) |
| Index |
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253 | |