| About the contributors |
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xviii | |
| Foreword |
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xxiv | |
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| Acknowledgements |
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xxvi | |
| General introduction: Lean Construction: core concepts and new frontiers |
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xxvii | |
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PART 1 Lean Construction themes |
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1 | (2) |
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1 Theory of Lean Construction |
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3 | (1) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2 Is there a theory of Lean, in the first place? |
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3 | (1) |
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1.3 Is a theory of Lean needed? |
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4 | (1) |
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1.4 If we are looking for the theory of Lean, what are we after? |
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5 | (1) |
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1.5 What is the mainstream theory of production management? |
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6 | (1) |
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1.5.1 Theory of production |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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7 | (1) |
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1.6 What is the Lean theory? |
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7 | (2) |
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1.6.1 Theory of production |
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7 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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8 | (1) |
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9 | (1) |
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1.7 How is Lean Construction different from Lean production? |
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9 | (1) |
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1.8 Concluding discussion |
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10 | (4) |
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11 | (3) |
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2 Lean product development and design management |
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14 | (1) |
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Cynthia Dos Santos Hentschke |
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14 | (1) |
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2.2 New Product Development process |
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15 | (3) |
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2.2.1 Product development process models in design and construction |
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16 | (2) |
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2.3 Design management in the context of Lean |
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18 | (4) |
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2.3.1 Design management problems |
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19 | (3) |
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2.4 Overview of product development and design management research at the International Group for Dan Construction (IGLC) |
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22 | (14) |
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26 | (3) |
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29 | (1) |
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2.4.3 New Product Development approaches |
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30 | (1) |
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2.4.3.1 Concurrent Engineering (CE) |
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30 | (1) |
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2.4.3.2 Target Value Delivery (TVD) |
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31 | (1) |
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2.4.3.3 Integrated Project Delivery (IPD) |
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31 | (1) |
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2.4.3.4 Benefits realisation |
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31 | (1) |
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2.4.3.5 Building Information Management (BIM) |
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32 | (1) |
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2.4.4 Design management tools and techniques |
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32 | (1) |
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2.4.4.1 Choosing by Advantages (CBA) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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2.4.4.3 Last Planner System (LPS) applied to design |
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34 | (1) |
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2.4.4.4 Design Structure Matrix |
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34 | (1) |
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2.4.5 Mass customisation and industrialisation |
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35 | (1) |
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2.4.6 Collaboration and early involvement of stakeholders |
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35 | (1) |
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2.4.7 Design issues and waste |
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36 | (1) |
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36 | (9) |
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38 | (7) |
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3 The Last Planner System |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2 A brief history of the Last Planner System |
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46 | (1) |
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3.2.1 Matching DID and WILL |
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47 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Matching WILL and CAN |
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48 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Phase schedules: improving specification of SHOULD |
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49 | (1) |
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3.3 Last Planner System functions |
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49 | (1) |
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3.4 Last Planner System principles |
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50 | (1) |
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3.5 Industrial and academic reception of the Last Planner System |
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50 | (1) |
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3.6 Conclusions and further development of the Last Planner System |
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51 | (3) |
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52 | (2) |
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4 Production control systems for construction at the nexus of Lean and BIM |
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54 | (1) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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4.2.1 The disconnect between the product and the process |
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55 | (1) |
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4.2.2 Connecting the last mile |
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56 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Distinction between operations and process |
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56 | (1) |
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4.2.4 Synergies of Lean and BIM |
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57 | (1) |
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4.3 Requirements for Lean and BIM production control systems |
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57 | (4) |
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4.4 BIAI software with construction management functionality |
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61 | (1) |
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4.5 Research and development of Lean and BIM production control systems |
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62 | (10) |
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4.5.1 Experimental prototypes |
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63 | (4) |
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4.5.2 Commercial software development |
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67 | (5) |
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4.6 Case studies of integrated Lean/BIM production planning and control |
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72 | (9) |
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72 | (2) |
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74 | (2) |
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76 | (5) |
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81 | (2) |
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83 | (2) |
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5 People and knowledge: Lean organisation |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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5.2 Lean is always about people |
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86 | (2) |
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5.3 People management is all about knowledge |
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88 | (1) |
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89 | (1) |
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5.5 The management of meaning |
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90 | (1) |
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5.6 Value chains: linking flow and commitment |
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91 | (1) |
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5.7 Improvement, learning and design |
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92 | (2) |
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5.8 A new theory of management |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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96 | (6) |
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6 Value generation: bringing the customer into perspective |
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102 | (1) |
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6.1 The starting point: bringing the customer into perspective |
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102 | (3) |
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6.2 Understanding the customers3 perspective |
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105 | (1) |
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105 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Concepts that have helped to understand the customer's perspective |
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106 | (1) |
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6.2.2.1 Customer perceived value |
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106 | (2) |
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6.2.2.2 Customer (personal) values |
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108 | (1) |
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6.2.2.3 Customer satisfaction |
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108 | (1) |
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6.2.2 A Perceived value as an intersubjective phenomenon |
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109 | (1) |
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6.2.2.5 Value as purpose fulfilment |
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110 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Considerations when addressing customers' perspective |
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110 | (1) |
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6.3 Efforts to manage value in construction projects |
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111 | (9) |
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6.3.1 Understanding customers' requirements |
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111 | (1) |
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6.3.1.1 Actively engaging stakeholders in defining the value proposition |
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111 | (2) |
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6.3.1.2 Using available data to understand the customers' requirements |
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113 | (2) |
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6.3.2 From customers' requirements to product specification |
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115 | (1) |
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6.3.3 Working within the boundaries of economically feasible solutions |
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116 | (1) |
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6.3.4 The role of project integration on managing value |
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117 | (2) |
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6.3.5 Considerations for managing value in construction projects |
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119 | (1) |
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6.4 Concluding remarks and recommendations for future research |
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120 | (9) |
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122 | (7) |
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7 Understanding waste in construction |
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129 | (1) |
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129 | (1) |
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7.2 Brief history of the concept of waste |
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130 | (1) |
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7.3 Previous academic studies on construction waste |
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131 | (1) |
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7.4 Different taxonomies of waste |
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132 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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7.6 Modelling waste networks |
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134 | (2) |
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7.7 Which are the lead wastes in construction? |
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136 | (4) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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7.8 Discussion and conclusions |
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140 | (7) |
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142 | (5) |
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PART 2 Lean Construction approaches |
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147 | (2) |
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149 | (1) |
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149 | (1) |
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8.2 Target Value Delivery: background |
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149 | (1) |
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150 | (1) |
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8.2.2 How target costing developed in construction |
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150 | (1) |
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8.2.3 Target Value Delivery and relational contracting |
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151 | (2) |
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8.3 Target Value Delivery: how it works |
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153 | (4) |
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8.3.1 TVD: project definition |
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155 | (1) |
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8.3.2 TVD: steering to targets in design |
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155 | (2) |
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8.4 Dan management methods used in steering to targets in design |
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157 | (2) |
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8.4.1 Steering to targets in construction |
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157 | (2) |
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8.5 Benefits of Target Value Delivery |
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159 | (1) |
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159 | (3) |
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160 | (2) |
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9 Integrated Project Delivery: basic tenets and recommendations |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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9.2 Literature review: IPD, Dan. and collaboration |
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163 | (1) |
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9.2.1 Lean concepts, principles, and tools applied to IPD |
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164 | (2) |
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9.2.2 IPD contractual domains |
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166 | (2) |
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9.2.3 Collaborative governance |
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168 | (3) |
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171 | (2) |
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9.4 Implementing IPD: basic concepts, principles, and tools |
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173 | (1) |
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174 | (1) |
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9.4.2 Workshops and conditions of satisfaction (CoS) 1 |
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175 | (1) |
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9.4.3 Signatories and timing to execute the IPD agreement |
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175 | (1) |
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176 | (1) |
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9.4.5 Operational terms and the use of Lean from design to construction |
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177 | (1) |
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9.4.6 Developing IPD contracts and their teams through education |
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178 | (1) |
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179 | (7) |
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182 | (4) |
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10 Choosing by advantages and collaborative decision making |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (2) |
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188 | (3) |
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10.2.1 Basic CBA principles |
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189 | (1) |
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10.2.2 Decision-making phases |
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189 | (1) |
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10.2.3 The choosing by advantages methods |
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190 | (1) |
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10.3 How is CBA connected with Lean? |
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191 | (2) |
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10.4 CBA and Lean Construction research |
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193 | (4) |
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10.5 Benefits of choosing by advantages |
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197 | (1) |
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198 | (6) |
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10.6.1 Step-by-step CBA application to choose an HVAC system |
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198 | (1) |
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10.6.1.1 Step 1: Identify alternatives |
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198 | (2) |
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10.6.1.2 Step 2: Define factors |
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200 | (1) |
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10.6.1.3 Step 3: Define the `must' and `want to have' criteria for each factor |
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200 | (2) |
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10.6.1.4 Step 4: Summarise the attributes of each alternative |
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202 | (1) |
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10.6.1.5 Step 5: Decide the advantages of each alterna tive |
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202 | (1) |
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10.6.1.6 Step 6: Decide the importance of each advantage |
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202 | (1) |
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10.6.1.7 Step 7: Evaluate cost data |
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203 | (1) |
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10.6.1.8 Case study conclusion |
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204 | (1) |
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10.7 Recommendations to implement a collaborative decision-making process |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (4) |
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206 | (3) |
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11 Lean Construction: a management model for interdependencies in detailed design |
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209 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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11.3 The phenomenon of design |
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211 | (1) |
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212 | (1) |
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11.3.2 From theory to case study |
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213 | (1) |
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11.4 Case study: construction of a high school |
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214 | (1) |
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11.4.1 Background and contracting |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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11.4.3 Social environment and commercial interests |
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216 | (1) |
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11.4.4 Design and production demands |
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217 | (1) |
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11.4.5 Interdependencies and contingency |
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217 | (2) |
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11.4.6 Problematic and deficient coordination |
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219 | (2) |
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11.4.7 Lessons learnt from the case study |
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221 | (1) |
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11.5 The artefact: management model for interdependencies in detailed design |
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222 | (4) |
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11.5.1 Rigid time schedules |
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223 | (1) |
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11.5.2 Self-organised teams |
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223 | (3) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (4) |
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227 | (3) |
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12 Lean as an appropriate approach for managing production in refurbishment projects |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (2) |
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12.2 Typical approaches to construction management in refurbishments |
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232 | (2) |
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12.2.1 Why docs the traditional construc tion management approach fail? |
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234 | (2) |
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12.3 Towards an appropriate construction management approach in refurbishment projects |
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236 | (1) |
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12.3.1 Refurbishments as complex projects |
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236 | (3) |
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12.3.2 Managing complex and uncertain projects |
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239 | (2) |
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12.4 Theory of production in construction |
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241 | (6) |
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12.4.1 Why is a theory of production necessary? |
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241 | (1) |
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12.4.2 TFV theory of production |
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242 | (1) |
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12.4.3 Lean Construction approach to refurbishment projects |
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243 | (4) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (6) |
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248 | (5) |
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13 Extended roles of construction supply chain management for improved logistics and environmental performance |
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253 | (1) |
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253 | (1) |
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13.2 Characteristics and problems of construction supply chains |
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254 | (2) |
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13.3 Reviewing supply chain management literature |
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256 | (1) |
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13.3.1 Origin and relevance of supply chain management |
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256 | (1) |
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13.3.2 Basic roles of construction supply chain management |
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256 | (1) |
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13.4 Role of logistics in CSCM and impact on environmental performance |
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257 | (1) |
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13.4.1 Consolidated logistics for improved logistics performance |
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258 | (2) |
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13.4.2 Urban logistics aimed at improved environmental impact |
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260 | (1) |
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13.5 Four factors of influence on construction logistics performance |
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261 | (3) |
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13.5.1 Logistics management: decoupling and consolidation |
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262 | (1) |
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13.5.2 Information management: integrated planning and delivery |
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263 | (1) |
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13.5.3 Preassembly: off-site preparation and materials kitting |
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263 | (1) |
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13.5.4 Procurement: MEAT tender and strategic purchasing |
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263 | (1) |
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13.6 Empirical research on advancing construction logistics |
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264 | (2) |
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13.6.1 Ethnographic participatory action research approach |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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13.6.3 Case study organisation and data collection |
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266 | (1) |
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13.7 Case descriptions and analysis |
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266 | (4) |
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266 | (1) |
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13.7.2 Case study project A |
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266 | (1) |
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13.7.3 Case study project B |
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267 | (1) |
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13.7.4 Case study project C |
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268 | (1) |
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13.7.5 Case study project D |
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268 | (1) |
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13.7.6 Cross case analysis |
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268 | (2) |
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13.8 Discussion: extending the roles of construction supply chain management |
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270 | (2) |
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13.8.1 Extending role 1: improving the interlace between the sue and the supply chain |
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270 | (1) |
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13.8.2 Extending role 2: improving the efficiency of the suppl chain |
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271 | (1) |
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13.8.3 Extending role 3: transferring activities from the site to tne supply chain |
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271 | (1) |
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13.8.4 Extending role 4: integration of the site and the supply chain |
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271 | (1) |
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272 | (4) |
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273 | (3) |
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14 Location-based management system now and in the future |
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276 | (1) |
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276 | (2) |
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14.2 A short history of location-based planning |
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278 | (1) |
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14.3 Location-based planning system |
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279 | (1) |
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14.3.1 Location breakdown structure |
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279 | (1) |
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14.3.2 Tasks, location-based quantities and duration calculation |
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280 | (1) |
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14.3.3 Flowline visualisation |
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281 | (1) |
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14.3.4 Layered CPM logic in location-based schedules |
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282 | (1) |
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14.3.4.1 Layer 1: external logic relationships between activities within locations |
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282 | (1) |
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14.3.4.2 Layer 2: external logical relationships driven by different hierarchy levels |
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283 | (1) |
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14.3.4.3 Layer 3: internal dependency logic between locations within tasks |
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283 | (1) |
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14.3.4.4 Layer 4: additional location-based links |
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283 | (1) |
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14.3.4.5 Layer 5: standard CPM links between any tasks and different locations |
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283 | (1) |
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14.3.5 Differences between LBMS algorithm and CPM algorithm |
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283 | (1) |
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14.3.6 Risk management and buffers |
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284 | (2) |
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14.3.7 Schedule optimisation using location-based planning techniques |
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286 | (3) |
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14.4 Location-based controlling system |
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289 | (5) |
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14.4.1 Location-based status monitoring |
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289 | (1) |
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14.4.2 Forecasting and alarms |
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290 | (1) |
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14.4.3 Planning control actions |
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291 | (1) |
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14.4.4 Cascading delays in construction |
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291 | (1) |
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14.4.5 Empirical results of location-based control |
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291 | (3) |
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14.5 Location-based controlling process based on the combination of LBMS and LPS |
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294 | (1) |
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14.6 Limitations and implementation issues |
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295 | (1) |
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14.7 Future research directions |
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296 | (1) |
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297 | (4) |
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298 | (3) |
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15 Relating construction production design and planning activities with location-based scheduling techniques |
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301 | (1) |
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301 | (1) |
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302 | (1) |
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15.3 Production System Design (PSD) |
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303 | (1) |
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15.4 Phase Scheduling (PS) |
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304 | (1) |
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15.5 Work Structuring (WS) |
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304 | (2) |
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15.6 Comparison among the different production system design activities |
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306 | (1) |
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15.6.1 Focus of the production system design |
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306 | (1) |
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15.6.2 Collaboration for decision-making |
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306 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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15.6.4 Output for the production planning and control |
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306 | (1) |
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15.7 location-based Scheduling (LBS) techniques |
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307 | (11) |
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15.7.1 Line of Balance (LOB) |
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309 | (1) |
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15.7.1.1 Visual representation |
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310 | (1) |
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15.7.1.2 Network method and pace representation |
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310 | (1) |
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15.7.1.3 Use of buffers and balancing |
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310 | (2) |
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15.7.1.4 Con text of use in Dan Construction |
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312 | (1) |
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312 | (1) |
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15.7.2.1 Visual representation |
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312 | (1) |
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15.7.2.2 Network method and pace representation |
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313 | (1) |
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15.7.2.3 Use of buffers and balancing |
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313 | (1) |
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15.7.2.4 Context of use in Lean Construction |
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313 | (1) |
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15.7.3 Takt-Time Planning (FTP) |
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313 | (1) |
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15.7.3.1 Visual representation |
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314 | (1) |
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15.7.3.2 Network method and pace representation |
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314 | (1) |
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15.7.3.3 Use of buffers and balancing |
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314 | (1) |
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15.7.3.4 Context of use in Lean Construction projects |
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315 | (1) |
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15.7.4 Comparison among location-based scheduling techniques |
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315 | (3) |
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15.8 Crossed comparison between production system design activities and location-based scheduling techniques |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (6) |
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320 | (5) |
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16 The Last Planner® System as an approach for coping with the complexity of construction projects |
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325 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (1) |
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16.3 Complexity thinking in Lean Construction |
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327 | (1) |
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16.4 Attributes of complexity in construction |
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328 | (1) |
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16.5 Guidelines for coping with complexity |
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329 | (3) |
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16.6 The complexity guidelines and the Last Planner® |
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332 | (3) |
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16.6.1 Encourage diversity of perspectives when making decisions |
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332 | (1) |
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16.6.2 Monitor unintended consequences of improvements and small changes |
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332 | (1) |
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333 | (1) |
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16.6.4 Monitor and understand the gap between work-as-imagined and work-as-done |
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333 | (1) |
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16.6.5 Give visibility to processes and outcomes |
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334 | (1) |
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16.6.6 Create an environment that supports resilienc e |
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334 | (1) |
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335 | (6) |
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337 | (4) |
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17 Framework to manage project structural complexity: representation of the Lean Project Delivery System using a Multi-Domain-MatrLx |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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17.3 Complexity in the Lean Construction literature |
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342 | (1) |
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343 | (1) |
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344 | (3) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (1) |
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17.6.2 Challenges in facility plant upgrades |
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347 | (3) |
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350 | (1) |
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17.6.4 Problem encountered |
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351 | (2) |
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17.6.5 Recommended approach |
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353 | (1) |
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353 | (4) |
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357 | (4) |
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358 | (3) |
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18 Uncertainty management: a development area for Lean Construction |
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361 | (1) |
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361 | (1) |
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18.2 Conceptual framework for uncertainty management in construction projects |
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362 | (5) |
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18.3 Uncertainty in the different stages of construction projects |
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367 | (4) |
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367 | (1) |
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18.3.2 Project and production planning |
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368 | (1) |
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18.3.3 Uncertainty management during execution |
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369 | (1) |
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18.3.4 Uncertainty management at different management levels |
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370 | (1) |
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18.4 Current status in uncertainly management |
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371 | (8) |
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18.4.1 Analytical processes |
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372 | (2) |
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18.4.2 Analytical tools for uncertainty and risk management |
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374 | (3) |
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18.4.3 Strategies for handling/managing uncertainty |
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377 | (1) |
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18.4.4 Monitoring and managing a project's uncertainty |
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377 | (2) |
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18.5 Integrating uncertainty management and the Last Planner System |
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379 | (4) |
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18.6 Conclusion: learn from his ton grasp the opportunities |
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383 | (4) |
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383 | (4) |
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19 The evolution of Lean Construction education at US-based universities |
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387 | (1) |
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19.1 Introduction: the context of Lean education |
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387 | (6) |
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19.1.1 The need for Lean: setting the stage |
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393 | (2) |
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19.1.2 University-based Lean education |
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395 | (6) |
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19.1.3 The US academic Lean knowledge engine |
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401 | (1) |
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19.2 Academic course frameworks |
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402 | (2) |
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19.2.1 Serious games and simulations |
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403 | (1) |
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19.3 Seed for research on Ixan education |
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404 | (1) |
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404 | (4) |
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405 | (3) |
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20 Challenges and opportunities for early project collaboration |
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408 | (1) |
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408 | (1) |
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20.2 Early project collaboration: significance and challenges |
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408 | (2) |
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20.3 Collaboration in the context of the TFV theory |
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|
410 | (1) |
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20.4 Collaboration in Lean Construction |
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|
411 | (1) |
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20.4.1 Collaborative contracts |
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411 | (1) |
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20.4.2 Collaborative systems |
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412 | (1) |
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20.4.3 Collaborative approaches |
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413 | (1) |
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20.5 Different interpretations of collaboration |
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414 | (3) |
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20.5.1 Collaborative contracts: collaboration as the project organisation |
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414 | (1) |
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20.5.2 Collaborative systems: collaboration as a project mechanism |
|
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414 | (2) |
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20.5.3 Collaborative approaches: collaboration as socio-constructive interaction |
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416 | (1) |
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417 | (4) |
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421 | (5) |
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422 | (4) |
| Index |
|
426 | |