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E-raamat: Lexical Relatedness [Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatud]

(Professor of Linguistics, University of Essex)
  • Formaat: 474 pages, Tables
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-Oct-2013
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199679928
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  • Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatud
  • Raamatu hind pole hetkel teada
Lexical RelatednessSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 474 pages, Tables
  • Ilmumisaeg: 03-Oct-2013
  • Kirjastus: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780199679928
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley OnlineRohkem infot Oxford Scholarship Online e-raamatute kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: http://www.oxfordscholarship.com/view/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199679928.001.0001/acprof-9780199679928
This book argues (a) that there is no principled way to distinguish inflection and derivation and (b) that this fatally undermines conventional approaches to morphology. Conceptual shortcomings in the relation between derivational and lexically-derived word forms, Andrew Spencer suggests, call into question the foundation of the inferential-derivational approach.

Prototypical instances of inflection and derivation are separated by a host of intermediate types of lexical relatedness, some discussed in the literature, others ignored. Far from finding these an embarrassment Professor Spencer deploys the wealth of types of relatedness in a variety of languages (including Slavic, Uralic, Australian, Germanic, and Romance) to develop an enriched and morphologically-informed model of the lexical entry. He then uses this to build the foundations for a model of lexical relatedness that is consistent with paradigm-based models.

Lexical Relatedness is a profound and stimulating book. It will interest all morphologists, lexicographers, and theoretical linguists more generally.
Acknowledgements xiv
List of figures
xv
List of tables
xvi
List of abbreviations
xvii
1 Introduction: words and paradigms
1(24)
1.1 Morphemes and lexemes
1(2)
1.2 Words and paradigms
3(10)
1.2.1 Lexical relatedness
3(5)
1.2.2 Paradigms
8(5)
1.3 Overview of the book
13(7)
1.4 A note on formalization
20(5)
Part I Lexemes, lexical entries, and lexical relatedness
2 The lexical entry
25(30)
2.1 Introduction
25(2)
2.2 What is a lexeme?
27(6)
2.2.1 Refining the lexical entry
27(1)
2.2.2 Semantic representations of lexemes
27(3)
2.2.3 Phonological representations of lexemes
30(3)
2.2.4 Syntactic representations of lexemes
33(1)
2.3 Semantics and syntax
33(5)
2.3.1 The semantic function role
33(3)
2.3.2 Relating lexical attributes: the categorial cascade
36(1)
2.3.3 The redundancy of syntactic categories
37(1)
2.4 Lexemes and the inflection/derivation distinction
38(5)
2.5 Non-standard types of lexical representation
43(12)
2.5.1 Degenerate lexical entries
43(8)
2.5.2 The lexeme identification problem
51(4)
3 Lexical relatedness
55(88)
3.1 Types of lexical relatedness
55(3)
3.2 Canonical inflection vs canonical derivation
58(5)
3.3 Transpositions
63(14)
3.3.1 Action nominals
64(2)
3.3.2 Participles
66(1)
3.3.3 Relational and possessive adjectives
67(7)
3.3.4 Property nominalizations
74(1)
3.3.5 Predicative nouns and adjectives
75(2)
3.3.6 Transpositions as `mixed categories'
77(1)
3.4 Meaning and inflection
77(13)
3.4.1 Contextual and inherent inflection
77(5)
3.4.2 Putative examples of inherent inflection
82(5)
3.4.3 Semantically contentful inflection
87(3)
3.5 Argument-structure operations
90(20)
3.5.1 Valency-decreasing operations
92(2)
3.5.2 Valency-increasing operations
94(2)
3.5.3 Argument-structure operations as a form of lexical relatedness
96(13)
3.5.4 Argument nominalizations
109(1)
3.6 Meaningless derivation
110(3)
3.7 Evaluative morphology: diminutives and augmentatives
113(9)
3.7.1 Evaluative morphology and adjectives
119(1)
3.7.2 Evaluative morphology and verbs
120(2)
3.8 Paradigmatically mixed lexical categories
122(9)
3.8.1 M-inert derivation: stolovaja-nouns
122(1)
3.8.2 Within-lexeme derivation
123(3)
3.8.3 Morphological shift
126(1)
3.8.4 Verbal case in Kayardild
127(4)
3.9 Syntagmatic reflexes of mixed categories
131(2)
3.10 The nature of lexical relatedness
133(4)
3.11 Implications of types of lexical relatedness
137(6)
Part II Paradigmatic organization and the lexicon
4 Paradigm Function Morphology
143(30)
4.1 Introduction
143(1)
4.2 Brief overview of PFM
143(6)
4.2.1 Realization rules
143(5)
4.2.2 Paradigm functions
148(1)
4.3 Affix ordering
149(2)
4.3.1 Three types of deviation
149(1)
4.3.2 Portmanteau position classes
149(1)
4.3.3 Parallel position classes
150(1)
4.3.4 Reversible position classes
151(1)
4.4 Rules of referral
151(2)
4.5 Allomorphy in PFM: morphological metageneralizations
153(1)
4.6 Stems in PFM
154(10)
4.6.1 The nature of stems
154(6)
4.6.2 Paradigm linkage in PFM
160(3)
4.6.3 Stems and the English verb
163(1)
4.7 Derivational morphology in PFM
164(4)
4.7.1 Derivational paradigms
164(3)
4.7.2 Derivational paradigms in PFM
167(1)
4.8 Head marking and the Head-Application Principle
168(3)
4.9 Appendix: revised notational conventions for Paradigm Function Morphology
171(2)
5 Lexical entries and the generalized paradigm function
173(34)
5.1 Introduction
173(1)
5.2 Shared information in lexical entries: the role of the lexemic index
174(3)
5.3 The generalized paradigm function---a first pass
177(4)
5.4 Representing stems
181(2)
5.5 Morpholexical properties
183(6)
5.5.1 Morpholexical class
183(1)
5.5.2 Morpholexical signatures
184(2)
5.5.3 Stems and the morpholexical signature
186(2)
5.5.4 Morpholexical signature and derivation
188(1)
5.6 The generalized paradigm function and the lexical entry
189(6)
5.6.1 Lexical entries as rules
189(2)
5.6.2 The Default Cascade
191(4)
5.7 Affix order, semantic scope, and the GPF
195(3)
5.8 A unified view of lexical relatedness
198(9)
Part III The factorized lexicon
6 Representing lexical relatedness
207(69)
6.1 Introduction
207(1)
6.2 Formal approaches to lexical relatedness
208(5)
6.3 Derivation
213(6)
6.4 Canonical inflection and semantic interpretation
219(30)
6.4.1 The problem of meaningful morphology
232(5)
6.4.2 Affix order, syntax, and semantic interpretation
237(4)
6.4.3 The Daghestan case hoax
241(4)
6.4.4 Case stacking in Australian languages
245(4)
6.4.5 Affix ordering: summary
249(1)
6.5 Transpositions
249(3)
6.6 Representing argument structure
252(1)
6.7 Argument nominalizations
253(4)
6.8 Paradigmatically mixed categories
257(6)
6.8.1 M-inert lexical relatedness
258(1)
6.8.2 Within-lexeme derivation
259(1)
6.8.3 Morphological shift: the Russian past tense
260(3)
6.9 Evaluative morphology
263(7)
6.9.1 Transparency and evaluative morphology
263(2)
6.9.2 Analysis of diminutives
265(5)
6.10 Meaningless derivation
270(2)
6.11 Implications of intermediate types for a model of lexical relatedness
272(4)
7 The form and function of argument-structure representations
276(25)
7.1 Introduction
276(1)
7.2 Justifying argument structure
276(5)
7.3 Semantics and syntax
281(13)
7.3.1 The semantic function role
281(4)
7.3.2 Argument-structure represented as AVMs
285(1)
7.3.3 The causative as a case study for lexical relatedness
286(8)
7.4 Argument-structure alternations mediated by conversion
294(5)
7.4.1 Complementation patterns as constructions
294(2)
7.4.2 Polysemy and lexical relatedness more generally
296(3)
7.5 Conclusions
299(2)
8 Nominalizations
301(43)
8.1 Introduction
301(1)
8.2 Action nominalizations as syntactically mixed categories
302(1)
8.3 Approaches to categorial mixing
303(7)
8.4 The semantics of nominalizations
310(8)
8.4.1 Nominalizations as asemantic transpositions
310(2)
8.4.2 Eventualities, propositions, and states-of-affairs
312(3)
8.4.3 German nominalizations and lexical aspect
315(2)
8.4.4 Russian nominalizations and grammatical aspect
317(1)
8.5 Analysis of deverbal nominalizations
318(5)
8.5.1 English nominalizations
318(4)
8.5.2 Mixed categories and syntactic category labels
322(1)
8.6 Nominalized adjectives
323(6)
8.7 The interpretation of nominalizations: summary
329(1)
8.8 Defining nominalizations
329(13)
8.8.1 Nominalizations as constructions
329(11)
8.8.2 Morphosyntactic aspects of deverbal nominals
340(2)
8.9 Summary
342(2)
9 Further instances of transposition
344(36)
9.1 Introduction
344(2)
9.2 Deverbal participles
346(2)
9.3 Noun-to-adjective transpositions
348(12)
9.3.1 Adjectival genitives
354(2)
9.3.2 Derived adjectives and meaningful transpositions
356(4)
9.4 Transposition to verb
360(13)
9.5 Transpositions of transpositions
373(2)
9.6 Conclusions: when is a lexeme not a lexeme?
375(5)
10 Lexical relatedness in Selkup
380(30)
10.1 Introduction
380(1)
10.2 Basic parts of speech in Selkup
380(3)
10.2.1 Verbs
381(1)
10.2.2 Nouns
381(2)
10.3 Derivational morphology
383(5)
10.3.1 Argument-structure alternations
383(1)
10.3.2 Modes-of-action
384(1)
10.3.3 Argument nominalizations
385(1)
10.3.4 Evaluative morphology
386(1)
10.3.5 Other types of derived verb or noun
386(1)
10.3.6 Derived adjectives
387(1)
10.4 Deverbal transpositions
388(6)
10.4.1 Participles
388(2)
10.4.2 Deverbal nominalizations
390(2)
10.4.3 Deverbal adverbs (gerunds)
392(1)
10.4.4 Deverbal transpositions: summary
393(1)
10.5 Less important transpositions from adjectives and nouns
394(3)
10.6 Selkup denominal adjectives
397(2)
10.6.1 Three types of N-to-A transposition
397(2)
10.6.2 Summary of Selkup denominal adjectives
399(1)
10.7 Analysis of Selkup lexical relatedness
399(5)
10.8 Selkup summary
404(1)
10.9 Appendices
405(5)
11 Conclusions
410(7)
11.1 Lexical relatedness: a summary
410(2)
11.2 Implications of lexical relatedness
412(5)
References 417(18)
Index of languages 435(2)
Index of names 437(4)
Index of subjects 441
Andrew Spencer is Professor of Linguistics at the University of Essex. His publications include The Handbook of Morphology, (1998, co-edited with Arnold Zwicky), Phonology: Description and Analysis (1996), and Morphological Theory (1991), all published by Wiley-Blackwell. He is also the co-author of Clitics: An Introduction (2012), with Ana Luís, published by Cambridge University Press.
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