| Preface for Instructors |
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xix | |
| Learning Skills |
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xxvii | |
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Humans and Sustainability: An Overview |
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1 The Environment and Sustainability |
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2 | (26) |
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3 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Learning from the Earth |
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4 | (1) |
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1.1 What Are Some Key Principles of Sustainability? |
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5 | (5) |
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Individuals Matter Janine Benyus: Using Nature to Inspire Sustainable Design and Living |
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10 | (1) |
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1.2 How Are Our Ecological Footprints Affecting the Earth? |
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10 | (5) |
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1.3 What Causes Environmental Problems and Why Do They Persist? |
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15 | (8) |
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Case Study The Rise of Environmental Conservation and Protection in the United States |
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20 | (1) |
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Science Focus Some Biomimicry Principles |
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21 | (2) |
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1.4 What Is an Environmentally Sustainable Society? |
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23 | (5) |
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Individuals Matter Tuy Sereivathana: Elephant Protector |
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24 | (1) |
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Tying It All Together Learning from the Earth and Sustainability |
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25 | (1) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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27 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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27 | (1) |
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Ecological Footprint Analysis |
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27 | (1) |
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Science, Ecological Principles, and Sustainability |
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2 Science, Matter, Energy, and Systems |
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28 | (20) |
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29 | (1) |
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Core Case Study How Do Scientists Learn about Nature? Experimenting with a Forest |
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30 | (1) |
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2.1 What Do Scientists Do? |
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31 | (3) |
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Individuals Matter Jane Goodall: Chimpanzee Researcher and Protector |
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32 | (1) |
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Science Focus Revisions in a Popular Scientific Hypothesis |
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33 | (1) |
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2.2 What Is Matter and What Happens When It Undergoes Change? |
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34 | (5) |
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2.3 What Is Energy and What Happens When It Undergoes Change? |
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39 | (4) |
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2.4 What Are Systems and How Do They Respond to Change? |
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43 | (5) |
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Tying It All Together The Hubbard Brook Forest Experiment and Sustainability |
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45 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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47 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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47 | (1) |
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47 | (1) |
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3 Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? |
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48 | (26) |
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49 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Tropical Rain Forests Are Disappearing |
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50 | (1) |
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3.1 How Does the Earth's Life-Support System Work? |
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51 | (1) |
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3.2 What Are the Major Components of an Ecosystem? |
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52 | (7) |
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Science Focus Many of the World's Most Important Organisms Are Invisible to Us |
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55 | (4) |
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3.3 What Happens to Energy in an Ecosystem? |
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59 | (3) |
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3.4 What Happens to Matter in an Ecosystem? |
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62 | (6) |
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Science Focus Water's Unique Properties |
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64 | (4) |
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3.5 How Do Scientists Study Ecosystems? |
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68 | (6) |
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Science Focus Planetary Boundaries |
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69 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Thomas E. Lovejoy---Forest Researcher and Biodiversity Educator |
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70 | (1) |
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Tying It All Together Tropical Rain Forests and Sustainability |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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73 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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4 Biodiversity and Evolution |
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74 | (24) |
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75 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Why Are Amphibians Vanishing? |
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76 | (1) |
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4.1 What Are the Major Types of Life on Earth? |
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77 | (2) |
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4.2 What Is Biodiversity and Why Is It Important? |
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79 | (3) |
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Individuals Matter Edward O. Wilson: Champion of Biodiversity |
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81 | (1) |
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4.3 What Roles Do Species Play in Ecosystems? |
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82 | (3) |
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Case Study The American Alligator---A Keystone Species That Almost Went Extinct |
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83 | (1) |
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Science focus Causes of Amphibian Declines |
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84 | (1) |
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4.4 How Does the Earth's Life Change Over Time? |
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85 | (4) |
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4.5 What Factors Affect Biodiversity? |
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89 | (9) |
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Science Focus Geological Processes Affect Biodiversity |
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90 | (2) |
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Science Focus Synthetic Biology |
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92 | (1) |
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Case Study The Threatened Monarch Butterfly |
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93 | (2) |
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Tying It All together Amphibians and Sustainability |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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97 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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97 | (1) |
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97 | (1) |
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5 Species Interactions, Ecological Succession, and Population Control |
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98 | (21) |
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99 | (1) |
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Core Case Study The Southern Sea Otter: A Species in Recovery |
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100 | (1) |
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5.1 How Do Species Interact? |
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101 | (5) |
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Science Focus Threats to Kelp Forests |
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103 | (3) |
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5.2 How Do Communities and Ecosystems Respond to Changing Environmental Conditions? |
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106 | (3) |
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5.3 What Limits the Growth of Populations? |
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109 | (10) |
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Case Study Exploding White-Tailed Deer Populations in the United States |
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112 | (1) |
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Science Focus The Future of California's Southern Sea Otters |
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113 | (2) |
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Tying It All together Southern Sea Otters and Sustainability |
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115 | (1) |
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115 | (1) |
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116 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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116 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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117 | (1) |
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117 | (2) |
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6 The Human Population us Key Questions |
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119 | (19) |
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Core Case Study Planet Earth: Population 7.3 Billion |
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120 | (1) |
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6.1 How Many People Can the Earth Support? |
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121 | (2) |
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How Long Can the Human Population Keep Growing? |
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122 | (1) |
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6.2 What Factors Influence the Size of the Human Population? |
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123 | (4) |
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Science Focus Projecting Population Change |
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124 | (1) |
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Case Study The U.S. Population---Third Largest and Growing |
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124 | (3) |
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6.3 How Does a Population's Age Structure Affect Its Growth or Decline? |
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127 | (3) |
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Case Study The American Baby Boom |
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128 | (2) |
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6.4 How Can We Slow Human Population Growth? |
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130 | (8) |
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Case Study Population Growth in India |
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132 | (1) |
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Case Study Slowing Population Growth in China |
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133 | (2) |
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Tying It All together World Population Growth and Sustainability |
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135 | (1) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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137 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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137 | (1) |
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137 | (1) |
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7 Climate and Biodiversity |
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138 | (28) |
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139 | (1) |
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Core Case Study African Savanna |
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140 | (1) |
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7.1 What Factors Influence Weather? |
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141 | (3) |
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7.2 What Factors Influence Climate? |
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144 | (4) |
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7.3 How Does Climate Affect the Nature and Location of Biomes? |
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148 | (18) |
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Science Focus Staying Alive in the Desert |
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152 | (3) |
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Science Focus Revisiting the Savanna: Elephants as a Keystone Species |
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155 | (8) |
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Tying It All together Tropical African Savanna and Sustainability |
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163 | (1) |
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163 | (1) |
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164 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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165 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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165 | (1) |
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165 | (1) |
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166 | (24) |
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167 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Why Should We Care about Coral Reefs? |
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168 | (1) |
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8.1 What Is the General Nature of Aquatic Systems? |
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169 | (1) |
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8.2 Why Are Marine Aquatic Systems Important? |
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170 | (6) |
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Case Study Revisiting Coral Reefs---Amazing Centers of Biodiversity science focus We Are Still Learning about the Ocean's Biodiversity |
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176 | (1) |
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8.3 How Have Human Activities Affected Marine Ecosystems? |
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176 | (3) |
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Case Study The Chesapeake Bay---An Estuary in Trouble |
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177 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Enric Sala: Working to Protect Ocean Ecosystems |
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178 | (1) |
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8.4 Why Are Freshwater Ecosystems Important? |
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179 | (5) |
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8.5 How Have Human Activities Affected Freshwater Ecosystems? |
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184 | (6) |
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Case Study River Deltas and Coastal Wetlands---Vital Components of Natural Capital Now in Jeopardy |
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185 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Alexandra Cousteau: Environmental Advocate, Filmmaker, and National Geographic Explorer |
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186 | (1) |
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Tying It All together Coral Reefs and Sustainability |
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187 | (1) |
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187 | (1) |
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188 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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189 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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189 | (1) |
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189 | (1) |
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9 Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Species and Ecosystem Services |
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190 | (30) |
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191 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Where Have All the Honeybees Gone? |
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192 | (1) |
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9.1 What Role Do Humans Play in the Loss of Species and Ecosystem Services? |
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193 | (3) |
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Science Focus Estimating Extinction Rates |
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194 | (2) |
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9.2 Why Should We Try to Sustain Wild Species and the Ecosystem Services They Provide? |
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196 | (2) |
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9.3 How Do Humans Accelerate Species Extinction and Degradation of Ecosystem Services? |
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198 | (13) |
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Case Study The Kudzu Vine and Kudzu Bugs |
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200 | (2) |
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Case Study Wild Boar Invasions |
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202 | (4) |
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Science Focus Honeybee Losses: A Search for Causes |
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206 | (2) |
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Case Study A Disturbing message from the Birds |
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208 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Juliana Machado Ferreira: Conservation Biologist and National Geographic Explorer |
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209 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Cagan Hakki Sekercioglu: Protector of Birds and National Geographic Explorer |
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210 | (1) |
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9.4 How Can We Sustain Wild Species and the Ecosystem Services They Provide? |
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211 | (9) |
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Case Study The U.S. Endangered Species Act |
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211 | (6) |
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Tying It All together Honeybees and Sustainability |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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218 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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219 | (1) |
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219 | (1) |
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10 Sustaining Biodiversity: Saving Ecosystems and Ecosystem Services |
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220 | (32) |
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221 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Costa Rica---A Global Conservation Leader |
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222 | (1) |
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10.1 What Are the Major Threats to Forest Ecosystems? |
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223 | (8) |
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Science Focus Putting a Price Tag on Nature's Ecosystem Services |
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224 | (4) |
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Case Study Many Cleared Forests in the United States Have Grown Back |
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228 | (3) |
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10.2 How Can We Manage and Sustain Forests? |
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231 | (6) |
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Science Focus Certifying Sustainably Grown Timber and Products Such as the Paper Used in This Book |
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232 | (2) |
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Case Study Deforestation and the Fuelwood Crisis |
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234 | (2) |
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Individuals Matter Florence Reed---Preserving Tropical Forests and Overcoming Poverty |
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236 | (1) |
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10.3 How Can We Manage and Sustain Grasslands? |
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237 | (1) |
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10.4 How Can we Sustain Terrestrial Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services? |
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238 | (14) |
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Science Focus Holistic Range Management: Learning from Nature |
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239 | (2) |
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Case Study Stresses on U.S. Public Parks |
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241 | (1) |
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Case Study Identifying and Protecting Biodiversity in Costa Rica |
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242 | (1) |
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Science Focus Reintroducing the Gray Wolf to Yellowstone National Park |
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243 | (1) |
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Case Study Madagascar: An Endangered Biodiversity Hotspot |
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244 | (3) |
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Individuals Matter Gretchen Daily---Shining a Light on Ecosystem Services |
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247 | (1) |
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Case Study Ecological Restoration of a Tropical Dry Forest in Costa Rica |
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247 | (2) |
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Tying It All together Sustaining Costa Rica's Biodiversity |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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251 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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251 | (1) |
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Ecological Footprint Analysis |
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251 | (1) |
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11 Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services |
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252 | (30) |
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253 | (1) |
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Core Case Study The Great Jellyfish Invasion |
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254 | (1) |
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11.1 What Are the Major Threats to Aquatic Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services? |
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255 | (12) |
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Science Focus Ocean Acidification: The Other CO2 Problem |
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257 | (2) |
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Science Focus How Invasive Carp Have Muddied Some Waters |
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259 | (4) |
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Case Study Why Should We Protect Sharks? |
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263 | (2) |
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Case Study Protecting Whales: A Success Story So Far |
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265 | (2) |
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Science Focus Why Are Jellyfish Populations Increasing? |
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267 | (1) |
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11.2 How Can We Protect and Sustain Marine Biodiversity? |
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267 | (4) |
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Individuals Matter Sylvia Earle---Advocate for the Oceans |
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270 | (1) |
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11.3 How Should We Manage and Sustain Marine Fisheries? |
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271 | (1) |
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11.4 How Should We Protect and Sustain Wetlands? |
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272 | (3) |
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Case Study Can We Restore the Florida Everglades? |
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273 | (2) |
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11.5 How Should We Protect and Sustain Freshwater Lakes, Rivers, and Fisheries? |
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275 | (3) |
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Case Study Can the Great Lakes Survive Repeated Invasions by Alien Species? |
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275 | (3) |
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11.6 What Should Be Our Priorities for Sustaining Aquatic Biodiversity? |
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278 | (4) |
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Tying It All together Invading Jellyfish and Aquatic Sustainability |
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279 | (1) |
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279 | (1) |
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280 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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280 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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281 | (1) |
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Ecological Footprint Analysis |
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281 | (1) |
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Sustaining Natural Resources |
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12 Food Production and the Environment |
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282 | (40) |
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283 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Growing Power---An Urban Food Oasis |
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284 | (1) |
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12.1 Why Is Good Nutrition Important? |
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285 | (2) |
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12.2 How Is Food Produced? |
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287 | (7) |
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Case Study Industrialized Food Production in the United States |
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290 | (4) |
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12.3 What Are the Environmental Effects of Industrialized Food Production? |
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294 | (9) |
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12.4 How Can We Protect Crops from Pests More Sustainably? |
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303 | (5) |
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Case Study Ecological Surprises: The Law of Unintended Consequences |
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306 | (2) |
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12.5 How Can We Produce Food More Sustainably? |
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308 | (8) |
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Science Focus Hydroponics: Growing Crops Without Soil |
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310 | (4) |
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Individuals Matter David Tilman---Polyculture Researcher |
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314 | (1) |
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Science Focus Perennial Polyculture and the Land Institute |
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315 | (1) |
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12.6 How Can We Improve Food Security? |
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316 | (6) |
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Tying It All together Growing Power and Sustainability |
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318 | (1) |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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320 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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320 | (1) |
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Ecological Footprint Analysis |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (34) |
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323 | (1) |
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Core Case Study The Colorado River Story |
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324 | (1) |
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13.1 Will We Have Enough Usable Water? |
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325 | (6) |
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Case Study Freshwater Resources in the United States |
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328 | (3) |
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Science Focus Using Satellites to Monitor Groundwater Supplies |
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331 | (1) |
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13.2 Is Groundwater a Sustainable Resource? |
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331 | (4) |
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Case Study Overpumping the Ogallala Aquifer |
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333 | (2) |
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13.3 How Can We Increase Freshwater Supplies? |
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335 | (3) |
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Case Study How Dams Can Kill an Estuary |
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337 | (1) |
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13.4 Can Water Transfers Expand Water Supplies? |
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338 | (4) |
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Science Focus The Search for Better Desalination Technology |
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339 | (2) |
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Case Study The Aral Sea Disaster: An Example of Unintended Consequences |
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341 | (1) |
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13.5 How Can We Use Freshwater More Sustainably? |
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342 | (6) |
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Individuals Matter Jennifer Burney: Environmental Scientist and National Geographic Explorer |
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344 | (2) |
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Case Study How Californians Are Dealing with Water Woes |
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346 | (2) |
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13.6 How Can We Reduce the Threat of Flooding? |
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348 | (8) |
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Case Study Living Dangerously on Floodplains in Bangladesh |
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349 | (2) |
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Tying It All together The Colorado River and Sustainability |
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351 | (1) |
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352 | (1) |
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353 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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354 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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354 | (1) |
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Ecological Footprint Analysis |
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354 | (2) |
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14 Geology and Mineral Resources |
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356 | (24) |
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357 | (1) |
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Core Case Study The Real Cost of Gold |
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358 | (1) |
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14.1 What Are the Earth's Major Geological Processes and What Are Mineral Resources? |
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359 | (2) |
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14.2 How Long Might Supplies of Nonrenewable Mineral Resources Last? |
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361 | (4) |
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Case Study The Crucial Importance of Rare Earth Metals |
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362 | (3) |
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14.3 What Are the Environmental Effects of Using Nonrenewable Mineral Resources? |
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365 | (4) |
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14.4 How Can We Use Mineral Resources More Sustainably? |
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369 | (3) |
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Case Study Graphene and Phosphorene: New Revolutionary Materials |
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369 | (1) |
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Science Focus The Nanotechnology Revolution |
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370 | (1) |
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Individuals Matter Yu-Guo Guo: Designer of Nanotechnology Batteries and National Geographic Explorer |
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371 | (1) |
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14.5 What Are the Earth's Major Geological Hazards? |
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372 | (8) |
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Tying It All together The Real Cost of Gold and Sustainability |
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377 | (1) |
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378 | (1) |
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378 | (1) |
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Doing Environmental Science |
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379 | (1) |
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Global Environment Watch Exercise |
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379 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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380 | (26) |
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381 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Using Hydrofracking to Produce Oil and Natural Gas |
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382 | (1) |
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15.1 What Types of Energy Resources Do We Use? |
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383 | (2) |
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15.2 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Oil? |
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385 | (4) |
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Case Study Oil Production and Consumption in the United States |
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387 | (2) |
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15.3 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Natural Gas? |
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389 | (2) |
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Science focus Environmental Effects of Natural Gas Production and Fracking in the United States |
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390 | (1) |
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15.4 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Coal? |
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391 | (4) |
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Individuals Matter Maria Gunnoe: Fighting to Save Mountains |
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393 | (2) |
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15.5 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Nuclear Power? |
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395 | (11) |
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Case Study The Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant Accident in Japan |
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401 | (2) |
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Tying It All together Fracking, Nonrenewable Energy, and Sustainability |
|
|
403 | (1) |
|
|
|
403 | (1) |
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|
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404 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
405 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
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405 | (1) |
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405 | (1) |
|
16 Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy |
|
|
406 | (35) |
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|
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407 | (1) |
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Core Case Study Saving Energy and Money and Reducing Our Environmental Impact |
|
|
408 | (1) |
|
16.1 Why Do We Need a New Energy Transition? |
|
|
409 | (1) |
|
Case Study Germany Is a Renewable Energy Superpower |
|
|
410 | (1) |
|
16.2 Why Is Improving Energy Efficiency and Reducing Energy Waste an Important Energy Resource? |
|
|
410 | (8) |
|
Science Focus The Search for Better Batteries |
|
|
414 | (4) |
|
16.3 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Solar Energy? |
|
|
418 | (5) |
|
16.4 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Wind Power? |
|
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423 | (3) |
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Science Focus Making Wind Turbines Safer for Birds and Bats |
|
|
426 | (1) |
|
16.5 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Geothermal Energy? |
|
|
426 | (3) |
|
Individuals Matter Andres Ruzo---Geothermal Energy Sleuth and National Geographic Explorer |
|
|
429 | (1) |
|
16.6 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Biomass as an Energy Source? |
|
|
429 | (2) |
|
16.7 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Hydropower? |
|
|
431 | (2) |
|
16.8 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Using Hydrogen as an Energy Source? |
|
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433 | (1) |
|
16.9 How Can We Make the Transition To a More Sustainable Energy Future? |
|
|
434 | (7) |
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Tying It All together Saving Energy and Money and Reducing Our Environmental Impact |
|
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436 | (1) |
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|
|
436 | (1) |
|
|
|
437 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
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438 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
438 | (1) |
|
|
|
439 | (2) |
|
Sustaining Environmental Quality |
|
|
|
17 Environmental Hazards and Human Health mo Key Questions |
|
|
441 | (29) |
|
Core Case Study Mercury's Toxic Effects |
|
|
442 | (1) |
|
17.1 What Major Health Hazards Do We Face? |
|
|
443 | (1) |
|
17.2 How Do Biological Hazards Threaten Human Health? |
|
|
443 | (9) |
|
Case Study The Global Threat from Tuberculosis |
|
|
444 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Genetic Resistance to Antibiotics |
|
|
445 | (1) |
|
Individuals Matter Hayat Sindi: Health Science Entrepreneur |
|
|
446 | (2) |
|
Case Study The Global HIV/AIDS Epidemic |
|
|
448 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Ecological Medicine: Tracking Infectious Diseases from Animals to Humans |
|
|
449 | (1) |
|
Case Study Malaria---The Spread of a Deadly Parasite |
|
|
449 | (3) |
|
17.3 How Do Chemical Hazards Threaten Human Health? |
|
|
452 | (4) |
|
Case Study PCBs Are Everywhere---A Legacy from the Past |
|
|
452 | (4) |
|
Science Focus The Controversy Over BPA |
|
|
456 | (1) |
|
17.4 How Can We Evaluate Risks from Chemical Hazards? |
|
|
456 | (6) |
|
Case Study Protecting Children from Toxic Chemicals |
|
|
457 | (4) |
|
Case Study Pollution Prevention Pays |
|
|
461 | (1) |
|
17.5 How Do We Perceive and Avoid Risks? |
|
|
462 | (8) |
|
Case Study Cigarettes and E-Cigarettes |
|
|
463 | (4) |
|
Tying It All Together Mercury's Toxic Effects and Sustainability |
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
|
|
467 | (1) |
|
|
|
468 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
|
|
469 | (1) |
|
18 Air Pollution and Ozone Depletion |
|
|
470 | (32) |
|
|
|
471 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study Los Angeles Air Pollution |
|
|
472 | (1) |
|
18.1 What Is the Nature of the Atmosphere? |
|
|
473 | (1) |
|
18.2 What Are the Major Outdoor Air Pollution Problems? |
|
|
474 | (8) |
|
Science Focus The Atmospheric Brown Clouds |
|
|
475 | (3) |
|
Case Study Lead Is a Highly Toxic Pollutant |
|
|
478 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Detecting Air Pollutants and Monitoring Air Quality |
|
|
479 | (3) |
|
18.3 What Is Acid Deposition and Why Is It a Problem? |
|
|
482 | (4) |
|
18.4 What Are the Major Indoor Air Pollution Problems? |
|
|
486 | (3) |
|
Case Study Radioactive Radon Gas |
|
|
488 | (1) |
|
18.5 What Are the Health Effects of Air Pollution? |
|
|
489 | (1) |
|
18.6 How Should We Deal with Air Pollution? |
|
|
490 | (6) |
|
Case Study Revisiting Air Pollution in Los Angeles |
|
|
494 | (2) |
|
18.7 How Have We Depleted Ozone in the Stratosphere and What Can We Do About It? |
|
|
496 | (6) |
|
Individuals Matter Sherwood Rowland and Mario Molina---A Scientific Story of Expertise, Courage, and Persistence |
|
|
498 | (1) |
|
Tying It All Together Los Angeles Air Pollution and Sustainability |
|
|
499 | (1) |
|
|
|
500 | (1) |
|
|
|
500 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
501 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
501 | (1) |
|
|
|
501 | (1) |
|
|
|
502 | (38) |
|
|
|
503 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study Melting Ice in Greenland |
|
|
504 | (1) |
|
19.1 How Is the Earth's Climate Changing? |
|
|
505 | (3) |
|
The Study of Climate Change in the Distant Past |
|
|
506 | (2) |
|
19.2 Why Is the Earth's Climate Changing? |
|
|
508 | (7) |
|
Science Focus Using Models to Project Future Changes in Atmospheric Temperatures |
|
|
512 | (3) |
|
19.3 What Are the Likely Effects of a Warmer Atmosphere? |
|
|
515 | (9) |
|
Individuals Matter James Balog: Watching Glaciers Melt |
|
|
517 | (5) |
|
Case Study Alaska---Bellwether of Climate Change |
|
|
522 | (2) |
|
19.4 How Can We Slow Climate Change? |
|
|
524 | (9) |
|
Science Focus Is Capturing and Storing CO2 a Viable Solution? |
|
|
526 | (7) |
|
19.5 How Can We Adapt to Climate Change? |
|
|
533 | (7) |
|
Case Study The Netherlands---Living with the Water |
|
|
534 | (2) |
|
Tying It All Together Melting Ice in Greenland and Sustainability |
|
|
536 | (1) |
|
|
|
537 | (1) |
|
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
538 | (1) |
|
Ecological Footprint Analysis |
|
|
538 | (2) |
|
|
|
540 | (32) |
|
|
|
541 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study The Gulf of Mexico's Annual Dead Zone |
|
|
542 | (1) |
|
20.1 What Are the Causes and Effects of Water Pollution? |
|
|
543 | (3) |
|
Science Focus Testing Water for Pollutants |
|
|
546 | (1) |
|
20.2 What Are the Major Water Pollution Problems in Streams and Lakes? |
|
|
546 | (5) |
|
Case Study Pollution in the Great Lakes |
|
|
549 | (2) |
|
20.3 What Are the Major Groundwater Pollution Problems? |
|
|
551 | (6) |
|
Case Study Arsenic in Drinking Water |
|
|
553 | (1) |
|
Case Study Is Bottled Water a Good Option? |
|
|
554 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Converting Dirty Water to Drinking Water |
|
|
555 | (1) |
|
Case Study Lead in Drinking Water |
|
|
556 | (1) |
|
20.4 What Are the Major Ocean Pollution Problems? |
|
|
557 | (5) |
|
Case Study Ocean Garbage Patches: There Is No Away |
|
|
559 | (1) |
|
Case Study The BP Deepwater Horizon Oil-Rig Spill |
|
|
560 | (2) |
|
20.5 How Can We Deal with Water Pollution? |
|
|
562 | (10) |
|
Case Study Reducing Water Pollution in the United States |
|
|
563 | (4) |
|
Science Focus Treating Sewage by Learning from Nature |
|
|
567 | (2) |
|
Tying It All together Dead Zones and Sustainability |
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
|
|
569 | (1) |
|
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
570 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
|
|
571 | (1) |
|
21 Solid and Hazardous Waste |
|
|
572 | (30) |
|
|
|
573 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study Cradle-to-Cradle Design |
|
|
574 | (1) |
|
21.1 What Environmental Problems Are Related to Solid and Hazardous Wastes? |
|
|
575 | (3) |
|
Case Study Solid Waste in the United States |
|
|
576 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Garbology and Tracking Trash |
|
|
577 | (1) |
|
Case Study E-Waste---An Exploding Hazardous Waste Problem |
|
|
578 | (1) |
|
21.2 How Should We Deal with Solid Waste? |
|
|
578 | (2) |
|
21.3 Why Are Refusing, Reducing, Reusing, and Recycling So Important? |
|
|
580 | (6) |
|
Individuals Matter William McDonough |
|
|
581 | (4) |
|
Individuals Matter Mike Biddle's Contribution to Plastics Recycling |
|
|
585 | (1) |
|
Science Focus Bioplastics |
|
|
586 | (1) |
|
21.4 What Are the Advantages and Disadvantages of Burning or Burying Solid Waste? |
|
|
586 | (3) |
|
21.5 How Should We Deal with Hazardous Waste? |
|
|
589 | (5) |
|
Case Study Recycling E-waste |
|
|
589 | (3) |
|
Case Study Hazardous Waste Regulation in the United States |
|
|
592 | (2) |
|
21.6 How Can Society Shift to a Low-Waste Economy? |
|
|
594 | (8) |
|
Case Study Industrial Ecosystems: Copying Nature |
|
|
596 | (2) |
|
Tying It All Together The Cradle-to-Cradle Approach and Sustainability |
|
|
598 | (1) |
|
|
|
599 | (1) |
|
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
600 | (1) |
|
Ecological Footprint Analysis |
|
|
601 | (1) |
|
22 Urbanization and Sustainability |
|
|
602 | (26) |
|
|
|
603 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study Portland, Oregon: Urban Sustainability in Action |
|
|
604 | (1) |
|
22.1 What Are the Major Population Trends in Urban Areas? |
|
|
605 | (4) |
|
Case Study Urbanization in the United States |
|
|
606 | (3) |
|
22.2 What Are the Major Urban Resource and Environmental Problems? |
|
|
609 | (5) |
|
|
|
613 | (1) |
|
22.3 How Does Transportation Affect Urban Environmental Impacts? |
|
|
614 | (4) |
|
22.4 How Important Is Urban Land-Use Planning? |
|
|
618 | (2) |
|
22.5 How Can Cities Become More Sustainable and Livable? |
|
|
620 | (8) |
|
Science Focus Sustainable Community Development---A Key to Global Sustainability |
|
|
621 | (1) |
|
Case Study The Eco-City Concept in Curitiba, Brazil |
|
|
622 | (1) |
|
Individuals Matter Peggy M. Shepherd: Fighting for Environmental Justice in Urban America |
|
|
623 | (2) |
|
Tying It All together Portland, Oregon, and Sustainability |
|
|
625 | (1) |
|
|
|
625 | (1) |
|
|
|
626 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
626 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
627 | (1) |
|
Ecological Footprint Analysis |
|
|
627 | (1) |
|
Sustaining Human Societies |
|
|
|
23 Economics, Environment, and Sustainability |
|
|
628 | (26) |
|
|
|
629 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study Germany: Using Economics to Spur a Shift to Renewable Energy |
|
|
630 | (1) |
|
23.1 How Are Economic Systems Related to the Biosphere? |
|
|
631 | (3) |
|
23.2 How Can We Estimate the Values of Natural Capital, Pollution Control, and Resource Use? |
|
|
634 | (3) |
|
23.3 How Can We Use Economic Tools to Deal with Environmental Problems? |
|
|
637 | (7) |
|
Individuals Matter Paul Hawken: Businessman and Environmental Champion |
|
|
639 | (5) |
|
23.4 How Can Reducing Poverty Help Us to Deal with Environmental Problems? |
|
|
644 | (2) |
|
|
|
645 | (1) |
|
23.5 How Can We Make the Transition to More Environmentally Sustainable Economies? |
|
|
646 | (8) |
|
Individuals Matter Ray Anderson: Sustainable Business Visionary |
|
|
649 | (1) |
|
Tying It All together Germany's Transition and Sustainability |
|
|
650 | (1) |
|
|
|
651 | (1) |
|
|
|
652 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
652 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
652 | (1) |
|
|
|
653 | (1) |
|
24 Politics, Environment, and Sustainability |
|
|
654 | (26) |
|
|
|
655 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study The Greening of American Campuses |
|
|
656 | (1) |
|
24.1 What Is the Role of Government in Making the Transition to More Sustainable Societies? |
|
|
657 | (3) |
|
24.2 How Is Environmental Policy Made? |
|
|
660 | (4) |
|
Science Focus Science and Politics---Principles and Procedures |
|
|
662 | (1) |
|
Individuals Matter Xiuhtezcatl Roske-Martinez |
|
|
663 | (1) |
|
24.3 What Is the Role of Environmental Law in Dealing with Environmental Problems? |
|
|
664 | (3) |
|
Case Study U.S. Environmental Laws |
|
|
665 | (2) |
|
24.4 What Are the Major Roles of Environmental Groups? |
|
|
667 | (4) |
|
Case Study The Natural Resources Defense Council |
|
|
668 | (1) |
|
Individuals Matter Butterfly in a Redwood Tree |
|
|
669 | (1) |
|
Case Study The Environmental Transformation of Chattanooga, Tennessee |
|
|
670 | (1) |
|
24.5 How Can We Improve Global Environmental Security? |
|
|
671 | (3) |
|
24.6 How Can We Implement More Sustainable and Just Environmental Policies? |
|
|
674 | (6) |
|
Case Study The Netherlands---A Model for a National Green Plan |
|
|
674 | (2) |
|
Tying It All together Greening College Campuses and Sustainability |
|
|
676 | (1) |
|
|
|
677 | (1) |
|
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
678 | (1) |
|
|
|
679 | (1) |
|
25 Environmental Worldviews, Ethics, and Sustainability |
|
|
680 | (1) |
|
|
|
681 | (1) |
|
Core Case Study The United States, China, and Sustainability |
|
|
682 | (1) |
|
25.1 What Are Some Major Environmental Worldviews? |
|
|
683 | (5) |
|
Science Focus Biosphere 2---A Lesson in Humility |
|
|
685 | (1) |
|
Case Study Managing Public Lands in the United States---A Clash of Worldviews |
|
|
686 | (2) |
|
25.2 What Is the Role of Education in Living More Sustainably? |
|
|
688 | (4) |
|
Individuals Matter Juan Martinez---Reconnecting People with Nature |
|
|
690 | (1) |
|
Individuals Matter Aldo Leopold |
|
|
691 | (1) |
|
25.3 How Can We Live More Sustainably? |
|
|
692 | (3) |
|
Individuals Matter Lester R. Brown: Champion of Sustainability |
|
|
695 | (2) |
|
Tying It All together The United States, China, and Sustainability |
|
|
697 | (1) |
|
|
|
697 | (1) |
|
|
|
698 | (1) |
|
Doing Environmental Science |
|
|
699 | (1) |
|
Global Environment Watch Exercise |
|
|
699 | (1) |
|
Ecological Footprint Analysis |
|
|
699 | |
|
|
|
|
1 Measurement Units and Unit Conversions |
|
|
1 | (2) |
|
2 Reading Graphs and Maps |
|
|
3 | (3) |
|
|
|
6 | (8) |
|
|
|
14 | (26) |
|
5 Environmental Data and Data Analysis |
|
|
40 | (6) |
|
6 Geologic and Biological Time Scale |
|
|
46 | |
| Glossary |
|
1 | (1) |
| Index |
|
1 | |
