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E-raamat: Mechanics of Fatigue [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

(Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia)
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Mechanics of Fatigue addresses the range of topics concerning damage, fatigue, and fracture of engineering materials and structures. The core of this resource builds upon the synthesis of micro- and macro-mechanics of fracture. In micromechanics, both the modeling of mechanical phenomena on the level of material structure and the continuous approach are based on the use of certain internal field parameters characterizing the dispersed micro-damage. This is referred to as continuum damage mechanics.

The author develops his own theory for macromechanics, called analytical fracture mechanics. This term means the system cracked body - loading or loading device - is considered as a mechanical system and the tools of analytical (rational) mechanics are applied thoroughly to describe crack propagation until the final failure.

Chapter discuss:

preliminary information on fatigue and engineering methods for design of machines and structures against failures caused by fatigue

fatigue crack nucleation, including microstructural and continuous models

theory of fatigue crack propagation

fatigue crack growth in linear elastic materials subject to dispersed damage

fatigue cracks in elasto-plastic material, including crack growth retardation due to overloading as well as quasistationary approximation

fatigue and related phenomena in hereditary solids

application of the theory fatigue crack growth considering environmental factors

unidirectional fiber composites with ductile matrix and brittle, initially continuous fibers

laminate composites

Mechanics of Fatigue serves students dealing with mechanical aspects of fatigue, conducting research in fracture mechanics, structural safety, mechanics of composites, as well as modern branches of mechanics of solids and structures.
Preface ix
1 Introduction
1.1 Fatigue of Materials and Related Phenomena
1(5)
1.2 Fatigue Tests
6(3)
1.3 Low-Cycle Fatigue
9(2)
1.4 Factors Influencing Fatigue Life
11(1)
1.5 Micro- and Macromechanics of Fracture
12(3)
1.6 Linear Fracture Mechanics
15(4)
1.7 Nonlinear Fracture Mechanics
19(6)
1.8 Fatigue Crack Growth
25(3)
1.9 Traditional Engineering Design against Fatigue
28(4)
1.10 Current State and Trends in Design against Fatigue
32(3)
1.11 Synthesis of Micro- and Macromechanics
35(1)
1.12 Summary
36(1)
2 Fatigue Crack Nucleation and Early Growth
2.1 Introductory Remarks
37(2)
2.2 Phenomenological Models of Fatigue Crack Nucleation
39(5)
2.3 Models of Continuum Damage Mechanics
44(3)
2.4 Continuum Approach to Fatigue Crack Nucleation
47(3)
2.5 Micromechanical Models of Fatigue Crack Nucleation
50(3)
2.6 Formation and Early Growth of Fatigue Cracks
53(12)
2.7 Summary
65(2)
3 Mechanics of Fatigue Crack Growth
3.1 General Outlook
67(3)
3.2 Cracked Body as a Mechanical System
70(2)
3.3 Application of Principle of Virtual Work
72(4)
3.4 Generalized Forces in Analytical Fracture Mechanics
76(5)
3.5 Equations of Fatigue Crack Growth
81(2)
3.6 Stability of Fatigue Cracks
83(3)
3.7 Patterns of Fatigue Crack Growth
86(6)
3.8 Quasistationary Approximation in Mechanics of Fatigue
92(2)
3.9 Single-Parameter Fatigue Cracks
94(2)
3.10 Summary
96(1)
4 Fatigue Crack Growth in Linear Elastic Bodies
4.1 Modeling of Material Properties
97(3)
4.2 Fatigue Crack in Griffith's Problem
100(6)
4.3 Influence of Initial Conditions
106(4)
4.4 Influence of Loading Conditions
110(4)
4.5 Influence of Damage Accumulation Process
114(4)
4.6 Threshold and Related Effects
118(10)
4.7 Crack Closure Effect
128(9)
4.8 Differential Equations of Fatigue Crack Growth
137(3)
4.9 Comparison with Semi-Empirical Equations
140(4)
4.10 Interaction between Microdamage and Material Properties
144(5)
4.11 Discussion of Numerical Results
149(5)
4.12 Assessment of Parameters for Microscale Models
154(4)
4.13 Summary
158(1)
5 Fatigue Crack Growth in Linear Elastic Bodies (cont'd)
5.1 Stress Distribution near the Crack Tips
159(3)
5.2 Some Generalizations of Griffith's Problem in Fatigue
162(5)
5.3 Circular Planar Crack in Tension
167(2)
5.4 Elliptical Planar Cracks. Driving Forces
169(5)
5.5 Elliptical Planar Cracks. Resistance Forces
174(1)
5.6 Elliptical Crack Growth in Fatigue
175(6)
5.7 Planar Cracks of Arbitrary Shape
181(2)
5.8 Mixed-Mode Fatigue Cracks
183(3)
5.9 Nonplanar Crack Propagation
186(3)
5.10 First Kinking of Fatigue Cracks
189(6)
5.11 Prediction of Fatigue Crack Trajectories
195(8)
5.12 Fatigue Crack Propagation in Random Media
203(3)
5.13 Randomization of Material Resistance to Fatigue Crack Growth
206(4)
5.14 Monte Carlo Simulation
210(4)
5.15 Meandering of Fatigue Cracks
214(7)
5.16 Summary
221(2)
6 Fatigue Cracks in Elasto-Plastic Bodies
6.1 Effects of Plastic Straining on Fatigue Crack Propagation
223(5)
6.2 Stress and Displacement Distribution for Cracks with Loaded Faces
228(4)
6.3 Generalized Driving Forces
232(3)
6.4 Models of Damage Accumulation
235(4)
6.5 Generalized Resistance Forces
239(2)
6.6 Constitutive Relationships and Computational Procedure
241(2)
6.7 Discussion of Numerical Results
243(8)
6.8 Penny-Shape Fatigue Crack
251(6)
6.9 Crack Propagation under Nonsteady Loading
257(6)
6.10 Influence of Cyclic Softening on Fatigue Crack Growth
263(8)
6.11 Summary
271(2)
7 Crack Growth in Hereditary Media
7.1 Introductory Remarks
273(4)
7.2 Linear Visco-Elastic Media
277(4)
7.3 Generalized Driving Forces for Linear Visco-Elasticity
281(6)
7.4 Crack Growth under Sustained Loading
287(4)
7.5 Combination of Sustained and Cyclic Loading
291(5)
7.6 Fatigue Crack Growth in Polymer Materials
296(5)
7.7 Creep Deformation and Damage Accumulation in Metals
301(3)
7.8 Generalized Driving Forces in Creep
304(4)
7.9 Crack Growth Associated with Creep
308(3)
7.10 Creep Crack Growth in Turbine Disks
311(4)
7.11 Summary
315(2)
8 Environmentally Affected Fatigue and Related Phenomena
8.1 Interaction of Mechanical and Environmental Factors in Fatigue
317(2)
8.2 Transport of Environmental Agents within Cracks
319(3)
8.3 Corrosion Damage Accumulation
322(2)
8.4 Stress Corrosion Cracking
324(2)
8.5 Numerical Simulation
326(4)
8.6 Threshold Problem in Stress Corrosion Cracking
330(2)
8.7 Corrosion Fatigue
332(4)
8.8 Frequency Effects in Corrosion Fatigue
336(3)
8.9 Quasistationary Approximation
339(2)
8.10 Application of the Thin Plastic Zone Model
341(2)
8.11 Hydrogen Embrittlement and Related Phenomena
343(6)
8.12 Combination of Cyclic Fatigue and Hydrogen Degradation
349(1)
8.13 Summary
350(3)
9 Fracture and Fatigue of Fiber Composites
9.1 Composite Materials and Composite Structures
353(3)
9.2 Micromechanics of Dispersed Damage
356(9)
9.3 Microdamage Accumulation in Cyclic Loading
365(2)
9.4 Fracture Due to the Loss of Integrity
367(6)
9.5 Macrocrack Initiation
373(2)
9.6 Types of Cracks in Unidirectional Fiber Composites
375(4)
9.7 Evaluation of the Fracture Work
379(4)
9.8 Stability with Respect to Brush-Like Fracture
383(3)
9.9 Fatigue Brush-Like Crack Propagation
386(5)
9.10 Growth Rate Diagrams for Brush-Like Cracks
391(5)
9.11 Summary
396(1)
10 Fracture and Fatigue in Laminate Composite Sructures
10.1 Interlaminar Defects in Composite Materials
397(4)
10.2 Interlaminar Fracture Work
401(6)
10.3 Generalized Resistance Forces
407(4)
10.4 Internal Fatigue Cracks in Composites
411(4)
10.5 Buckling and Stability of Near-Surface Delaminations
415(5)
10.6 Elliptical Delamination
420(3)
10.7 Interlaminar Damage in Cyclic Loading
423(4)
10.8 Application of Mechanics of Multilayered Structures
427(4)
10.9 Growth of Delamination in Cyclic Compression
431(6)
10.10 Growth of Delaminations in Cyclic Bending
437(3)
10.11 Summary
440(3)
References 443(10)
Subject Index 453(8)
Author Index 461
Vladimir V. Boliton