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E-raamat: Medical Instruments and Devices: Principles and Practices [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

Edited by (Biomedical Engineering Alliance and Consortium (BEACON), Hartford, Connecticut, USA), Edited by (Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA), Edited by (The College of New Jersey Ewing, USA)
  • Formaat: 320 pages, 20 Tables, black and white; 148 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-2017
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780429247118
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Medical Instruments and Devices: Principles and PracticesSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 320 pages, 20 Tables, black and white; 148 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 27-Oct-2017
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780429247118
Teised raamatud teemal:
Taylor & Francis e-raamatudRohkem infot Taylor & Francis e-raamatute kohta

Medical Instruments and Devices: Principles and Practices originates from the medical instruments and devices section of The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Fourth Edition. Top experts in the field provide material that spans this wide field. The text examines how biopotential amplifiers help regulate the quality and content of measured signals. It includes instruments and devices that span a range of physiological systems and the physiological scale: molecular, cellular, organ, and system. The book chronicles the evolution of pacemakers and their system operation and discusses oscillometry, cardiac output measurement, and the direct and indirect methods of measuring cardiac output. The authors also expound on the mechanics and safety of defibrillators and cover implantable stimulators, respiration, and the structure and function of mechanical ventilators.

In addition, this text covers in depth:

  • Anesthesia Delivery
  • Electrosurgical Units and Devices
  • Biomedical Lasers
  • Measuring Cellular Traction Forces
  • Blood Glucose Monitoring
  • Atomic Force Microscopy
  • Parenteral Infusion Devices
  • Clinical Laboratory: Separation and Spectral Methods
  • Clinical Laboratory: Nonspectral Methods and Automation
  • Noninvasive Optical Monitoring

An offshoot from the definitive "bible" of biomedical engineering, Medical Instruments and Devices: Principles and Practices offers you state-of-the-art information on biomedical instruments and devices. This text serves practicing professionals working in the areas of medical devices and instrumentation as well as graduate students studying bioengineering, instrumentation, and medical devices, and it provides readers with a practical foundation and a wealth of resources from well-known experts in the field.

Introduction vii
Editors ix
Contributors xi
1 Biopotential Amplifiers 1-1(1)
Joachim H. Nagel
1.1 Introduction
1-1(1)
1.2 Basic Amplifier Requirement's
1-1(1)
Interferences
Special Circuits
1.3 Isolation Amplifier and Patient Safety
1-8(1)
1.4 Surge Protection
1-10(1)
1.5 Input Guarding
1-11(1)
1.6 Dynamic Range and Recovery
1-12(1)
Passive Isolation Amplifiers
1.7 Digital Electronics
1-14(1)
1.8 Summary
1-15(1)
Defining Terms
1-15(1)
References
1-15(1)
Further Information
1-16(1)
2 Bioimpedance Measurements 2-1(1)
Sverre Grimnes
Orjan G. Martinsen
2.1 What Is Bioimpedance?
2-1(1)
2.2 Conductors and Dielectrics
2-2(1)
2.3 Living Tissue Electrical Models
2-4(1)
Debye Models
Dispersions
Memristive Systems and Constant Phase Elements
Cole Models
Schwan Multiple α, β, and γ Dispersion Model
2.4 Electrodes and Electrode Polarization
2-7(1)
Electrode Types
Electrode Polarization
2.5 Electrode Systems and Their Sensitivity Fields
2-9(1)
Sensitivity Field
2.6 Instrumentation and Quality Controls
2-13(1)
Synchronous Rectifiers
Quality Controls
Electrical Safety
2.7 Result Presentations
2-18(1)
Spectrum Plots
Time-Series Plots
Converting Measured Variables to Clinical Variables or Parameters
2.8 Application Examples
2-19(1)
Volume and Flow Measurements
Three Different Variables Measured with Two Electrodes
Bioimpedance in Electrosurgery
Body Composition
Electrical Impedance Tomography
Some Additional Applications
References
2-28(1)
3 Implantable Cardiac Pacemakers 3-1(1)
Pat Ridgely
3.1 Introduction
3-1(1)
3.2 Indications
3-2(1)
3.3 Pulse Generators
3-2(1)
Sensing Circuit
Output Circuit
Timing Circuit
Telemetry Circuit
Power Source
3.4 Leads
3-9(1)
3.5 Programmers and Ongoing Follow-Up
3-11(1)
3.6 System Operation
3-12(1)
3.7 Performance and Reliability
3-13(1)
3.8 Future of Pacing Technology
3-14(1)
References
3-14(1)
4 Model Investigation of Pseudo-Hypertension in Oscillometry 4-1(1)
Gary Drzewiecki
4.1 Pseudo-Hypertension
4-1(1)
4.2 Automatic Oscillometry
4-2(1)
4.3 Modeling Methods
4-2(1)
Artery Mechanics Model
Arterial Pulse Pressure Model
4.4 Model Parameters
4-3(1)
4.5 Computer Modeling
4-3(1)
Control Condition Model (Normal Artery)
Experimental Condition Model (Pseudo-Hypertension)
4.6 Results
4-4(1)
4.7 Discussion and Analysis
4-10(1)
Acknowledgment
4-11(1)
References
4-11(1)
5 Cardiac Output Measurement 5-1(1)
Leslie A. Geddes
5.1 Introduction
5-1(1)
5.2 Indicator-Dilution Method
5-1(1)
Indicators
Thermal Dilution Method
Indicator Recirculation
5.3 Fick Method
5-5(1)
5.4 Ejection Fraction
5-7(1)
Indicator-Dilution Method for Ejection Fraction
References
5-11(1)
6 External Defibrillators 6-1(1)
Willis A. Tacker Jr
6.1 Introduction
6-1(1)
6.2 Mechanism of Fibrillation
6-1(1)
6.3 Mechanism of Defibrillation
6-2(1)
6.4 Clinical Defibrillators
6-3(1)
6.5 Electrodes
6-5(1)
6.6 Synchronization
6-5(1)
6.7 Defibrillator Safety
6-7(1)
References
6-7(1)
Further Information
6-7(1)
7 Implantable Defibrillators 7-1(1)
Paul A. Belk
Thomas J. Mullen
7.1 Introduction
7-1(1)
7.2 Hardware
7-2(1)
Generator
Leads
Programmer
7.3 Arrhythmia Detection
7-8(1)
Sensing
Detection
Discrimination
7.4 Arrhythmia Therapy
7-9(1)
Bradycardia Therapy
High-Voltage Antitachycardia Therapy
Low-Voltage Antitachycardia Therapy
7.5 Diagnostics and Monitoring
7-10(1)
7.6 Conclusion
7-13(1)
References
7-14(1)
8 Implantable Stimulators for Neuromuscular Control 8-1(1)
Primoz Strojnik
P. Hunter Peckham
8.1 Functional Electrical Stimulation
8-1(1)
8.2 Technology for Delivering Stimulation Pulses to Excitable Tissue
8-2(1)
8.3 Stimulation Parameters
8-2(1)
8.4 Implantable Neuromuscular Stimulators
8-3(1)
Receiving Circuit
Power Supply
Data Retrieval
Data Processing
Output Stage
8.5 Packaging of Implantable Electronics
8-6(1)
8.6 Leads and Electrodes
8-7(1)
8.7 Safety Issues of Implantable Stimulators
8-8(1)
8.8 Implantable Stimulators in Clinical Use
8-9(1)
Peripheral Nerve Stimulators
Stimulators of Central Nervous System
8.9 Future of Implantable Electrical Stimulators
8-11(1)
Distributed Stimulators
Sensing of Implantable Transducer-Generated and Physiological Signals
8.10 Summary
8-12(1)
Defining Terms
8-12(1)
References
8-13(1)
Further Information
8-14(1)
9 Respiration 9-1(1)
Leslie A. Geddes
9.1 Lung Volumes
9-1(1)
9.2 Pulmonary Function Tests
9-1(1)
Dynamic Tests
The Pneumotachograph
The Nitrogen-Washout Method for Measuring FRC
9.3 Physiologic Dead Space
9-9(1)
References
9-10(1)
10 Mechanical Ventilation 10-1(1)
Khosrow Behbehani
10.1 Introduction
10-1(1)
10.2 Positive-Pressure Ventilators
10-2(1)
10.3 Ventilation Modes
10-2(1)
Mandatory Ventilation
Adaptive Pressure Control
Adaptive Support Ventilation
Spontaneous Ventilation
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure in Spontaneous Mode
Pressure Support in Spontaneous Mode
Breath Delivery Control
Mandatory Volume-Controlled Inspiratory Flow Delivery
Pressure-Controlled Inspiratory Flow Delivery
Expiratory Pressure Control in Mandatory Mode
Spontaneous Breath Delivery Control
10.4 Summary
10-11(1)
Defining Terms
10-12(1)
References
10-12(1)
11 Essentials of Anesthesia Delivery 11-1(1)
A. William Paulsen
11.1 Introduction
11-1(1)
11.2 Components of Anesthesia Care
11-1(1)
11.3 Who Delivers Anesthesia?
11-2(1)
11.4 Types of Anesthesia
11-2(1)
11.5 Gases Used during Anesthesia and Their Sources
11-4(1)
Air (78% N2, 21% Op 0.9% Ar, and 0.1% Other Gases)
Gas Blending and Vaporization System
Breathing Circuits
Gas Scavenging Systems
11.6 Monitoring the Function of the Anesthesia Delivery System
11-10(1)
11.7 Monitoring the Patient
11-11(1)
Control of Patient Temperature
Monitoring the Depth of Anesthesia
Anesthesia Computer-Aided Record Keeping
Alarms
Ergonomics
Simulation in Anesthesia
Reliability
References
11-13(1)
12 Electrosurgical Devices 12-1(1)
Jeffrey L. Eggleston
Wolf W. von Maltzahn
12.1 Introduction
12-1(1)
12.2 Theory of Operation
12-1(1)
12.3 Monopolar Mode
12-2(1)
12.4 Dispersive Electrodes
12-5(1)
12.5 Bipolar Mode
12-5(1)
12.6 ESU Hazards
12-6(1)
12.7 ESU Design
12-7(1)
Defining Terms
12-8(1)
References
12-8(1)
Further Information
12-9(1)
13 Biomedical Lasers 13-1(1)
Millard M. Judy
13.1 Interaction and Effects of UV-IR Laser Radiation on Biologic Tissues
13-2(1)
Scattering in Biologic Tissue
Absorption in Biologic Tissue
13.2 Penetration and Effects of UV-IR Laser Radiation into Biologic Tissue
13-3(1)
13.3 Effects of Mid-IR Laser Radiation
13-4(1)
13.4 Effects of Near-IR Laser Radiation
13-4(1)
13.5 Effects of Visible-Range Laser Radiation
13-5(1)
13.6 Effects of UV Laser Radiation
13-5(1)
13.7 Effects of Continuous and Pulsed IR-Visible Laser Radiation and Associated Temperature Rise
13-5(1)
13.8 General Description and Operation of Lasers
13-6(1)
13.9 Biomedical Laser Beam Delivery Systems
13-7(1)
Optical Fiber Transmission Characteristics
Mirrored Articulated Arm Characteristics
Optics for Beam Shaping on Tissues
Features of Routinely Used Biomedical Lasers
Other Biomedical Lasers
Defining Terms
13-11(1)
References
13-11(1)
Further Information
13-13(1)
14 Measuring Cellular Traction Forces at the Micro- and Nanoscale 14-1(1)
Nathan J. Sniadecki
Christopher S. Chen
14.1 Introduction
14-1(1)
14.2 Contractile Apparatus of Cells
14-2(1)
14.3 Design Consideration for Traction Force Assays
14-4(1)
14.4 Traction Force Assays for Cells
14-5(1)
Silicone Membrane Wrinkling
Traction Force Microscopy
Microfabricated Cantilever Force Sensors
14.5 Conclusion
14-10(1)
Acknowledgments
14-11(1)
References
14-11(1)
15 Blood Glucose Monitoring 15-1(1)
David D. Cunningham
15.1 Historical Methods of Glucose Monitoring
15-2(1)
15.2 Development of Colorimetric Test Strips and Optical Reflectance Meters
15-3(1)
15.3 Emergence of Electrochemical Strips
15-5(1)
15.4 Enzyme Selectivity and Falsely Elevated Readings
15-7(1)
15.5 Improvements in User Interactions with the System and Alternate Site Testing
15-7(1)
15.6 Continuous Glucose Sensors
15-9(1)
15.7 Future Directions
15-11(1)
Defining Terms
15-12(1)
References
15-12(1)
Further Information
15-13(1)
16 Atomic Force Microscopy: Opportunities and Challenges for Probing Biomolecular Interactions 16-1(1)
Gary C.H. Mo
Christopher M. Yip
16.1 Introduction
16-1(1)
16.2 Background
16-2(1)
16.3 SPM Basics
16-2(1)
16.4 Imaging Mechanisms
16-3(1)
Contact
Noncontact
Intermittent Contact
16.5 Imaging
16-5(1)
16.6 Crystallography
16-6(1)
Protein Aggregation and Fibril Formation
Membrane Protein Structure and Assemblies
16.7 Force Spectroscopy
16-9(1)
Fundamentals
Binding Forces
Near-Field: SNOM/NSOM
Evanescent Wave: TIRF
Confocal Fluorescence
16.8 Summary
16-16(1)
References
16-17(1)
17 Parenteral Infusion Devices 17-1(1)
Gregory I. Voss
Robert D. Butterfield
17.1 Performance Criteria for IV Infusion Devices
17-1(1)
17.2 Flow through an IV Delivery System
17-3(1)
17.3 Intravenous Infusion Devices
17-4(1)
Gravity Flow/Resistance Regulation
Volumetric Infusion Pumps
Controllers
Syringe Pumps
17.4 Managing Occlusions of the Delivery System
17-8(1)
17.5 Summary
17-11(1)
References
17-11(1)
Further Information
17-11(1)
18 Clinical Laboratory: Separation and Spectral Methods 18-1(1)
Richard L. Roa
18.1 Introduction
18-1(1)
18.2 Separation Methods
18-1(1)
18.3 Chromatographic Separations
18-2(1)
18.4 Gas Chromatography
18-2(1)
18.5 High-Performance Liquid Chromatography
18-3(1)
18.6 Basis for Spectral Methods
18-4(1)
18.7 Fluorometry
18-5(1)
18.8 Flame Photometry
18-6(1)
18.9 Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
18-6(1)
18.10 Turbidimetry and Nephelometry
18-7(1)
Defining Terms
18-8(1)
References
18-8(1)
19 Clinical Laboratory: Nonspectral Methods and Automation 19-1(1)
Richard L. Roa
19.1 Particle Counting and Identification
19-1(1)
19.2 Electrochemical Methods
19-3(1)
19.3 Ion-Specific Electrodes
19-4(1)
19.4 Radioactive Methods
19-5(1)
19.5 Coagulation Timers
19-6(1)
19.6 Osmometers
19-7(1)
19.7 Automation
19-7(1)
19.8 Trends in Laboratory Instrumentation
19-8(1)
Defining Terms
19-8(1)
References
19-9(1)
20 Noninvasive Optical Monitoring 20-1
Ross Flewelling
20.1 Introduction
20-1(1)
20.2 Oximetry and Pulse Oximetry
20-1(1)
Background
Theory
Application and Future Directions
20.3 Nonpulsatile Spectroscopy
20-7(1)
Background
Cytochrome Spectroscopy
Near-Infrared Spectroscopy and Glucose Monitoring
Time-Resolved Spectroscopy
20.4 Conclusions
20-9(1)
Defining Terms
20-9(1)
References
20-10(1)
Further Information
20-10
Index Index-1
Dr. Steven Schreiner joined The College of New Jersey (TCNJ) in 2008, where he currently serves as dean of the School of Engineering and Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering. He received a B.S. in electrical engineering from Western New England University, Springfield, Massachusetts, and earned both his M.S. and Ph.D. in biomedical engineering from Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee. Following post-doctoral research fellowships in neurosurgery at Vanderbilt and radiology at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, he held the position of senior biomedical engineer with Integrated Surgical Systems, Inc., Sacramento, CA. He is the founding chairman of the Biomedical Engineering Department at his alma mater, Western New England University.
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