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E-raamat: Mobile Communications Systems Development - A Practical Introduction to System Understanding, Implementation, and Deployment: A Practical Introduction to System Understanding, Implementation and Deployment [Wiley Online]

  • Formaat: 544 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2021
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119778719
  • ISBN-13: 9781119778714
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 153,31 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
Mobile Communications Systems Development - A Practical Introduction to System Understanding, Implementation, and Deployment: A Practical Introduction to System Understanding, Implementation and DeploymentSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 544 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 13-May-2021
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119778719
  • ISBN-13: 9781119778714
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley Online e-raamatudRohkem infot Wiley Online kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119778714

Provides a thorough introduction to the development, operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of mobile communications systems  

Mobile Communications Systems Development: A Practical Approach for System Understanding, Implementation and Deployment is a comprehensive “how to” manual for mobile communications system design, deployment, and support. Providing a detailed overview of end-to-end system development, the book encompasses operation, maintenance, and troubleshooting of currently available mobile communication technologies and systems. Readers are introduced to different network architectures, standardization, protocols, and functions including 2G, 3G, 4G, and 5G networks, and the 3GPP standard. 

In-depth chapters cover the entire protocol stack from the Physical (PHY) to the Application layer, discuss theoretical and practical considerations, and describe software implementation based on the 3GPP standardized technical specifications. The book includes figures, tables, and sample computer code to help readers thoroughly comprehend the functions and underlying concepts of a mobile communications network. Each chapter includes an introduction to the topic and a chapter summary. A full list of references, and a set of exercises are also provided at the end of the book to test comprehension and strengthen understanding of the material. Written by a respected professional with more than 20 years’ experience in the field, this highly practical guide: 

  • Provides detailed introductory information on GSM, GPRS, UMTS, and LTE mobile communications systems and networks 
  • Describes the various aspects and areas of the LTE system air interface and its protocol layers 
  • Covers troubleshooting and resolution of mobile communications systems and networks issues 
  • Discusses the software and hardware platforms used for the development of mobile communications systems network elements 
  • Includes 5G use cases, enablers, and architectures that cover the 5G NR (New Radio) and 5G Core Network 

Mobile Communications Systems Development is perfect for graduate and postdoctoral students studying mobile communications and telecom design, electronic engineering undergraduate students in their final year, research and development engineers, and network operation and maintenance personnel. 

About the Author xiv
Preface xv
Acknowledgments xviii
List of Abbreviations xix
1 Introduction
1(2)
Part I Network Architectures, Standardization, Protocols, and Functions 3(130)
2 Network Architectures, Standardizations Process
5(24)
2.1 Network Elements and Basic Networks Architectures
5(5)
2.1.1 GSM (2G) Network Architecture
6(1)
2.1.2 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS-2.5G) Network Architecture
7(1)
2.1.3 Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (3G) Network Architecture
7(1)
2.1.4 LTE (4G) Network Architecture
8(1)
2.1.5 GSM, UMTS, LTE, and 5G Network Elements: A Comparison
9(1)
2.1.6 Circuit Switched (CS) vs Packet Switched (PS)
9(1)
2.2 Mobile Communication Network Domains
10(4)
2.2.1 AN Domain
10(1)
2.2.2 Core Network (CN) Domain
11(1)
2.2.3 Network Domains and Its Elements
11(1)
2.2.4 Example: End-to-End Mobile Network Information Flow
12(1)
2.2.5 Example: GSM MO Call
13(1)
2.3 Mobile Communications Systems Evolutions
14(5)
2.3.1 Evolutions of Air Interface
14(2)
2.3.2 Evolutions of 3GPP Networks Architectures
16(3)
2.4 Mobile Communications Network System Engineering
19(2)
2.4.1 Mobility Management
19(1)
2.4.2 Air Interface Management
20(1)
2.4.3 Subscribers and Services Management
20(1)
2.4.4 Security Management
20(1)
2.4.5 Network Maintenance
20(1)
2.5 Standardizations of Mobile Communications Networks
21(5)
2.5.1 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP)
21(1)
2.5.2 3GPP Working Groups
21(1)
2.5.3 3GPP Technical Specification and Technical Report
22(1)
2.5.4 Stages of a 3GPP Technical Specification
22(1)
2.5.5 Release Number of 3GPP Technical Specification
22(1)
2.5.6 3GPP Technical Specification Numbering Nomenclature
23(1)
2.5.7 Vocabulary of 3GPP Specifications
24(1)
2.5.8 Examples in a 3GPP Technical Specification
24(1)
2.5.9 Standardization of Technical Specifications by 3GPP
24(1)
2.5.10 Scope of 3GPP Technical Specification (TS)
24(1)
2.5.11 3GPP TS for General Description of a Protocol Layer
25(1)
2.5.12 3GPP TS Drafting Rules: Deriving Requirements
25(1)
2.5.13 Download 3GPP Technical Specifications
25(1)
2.5.14 3GPP Change Requests
26(1)
2.5.15 Learnings from 3GPP Meetings TDocs
26(1)
2.6 3GPP Releases and Its Features
26(1)
Summary
27(2)
3 Protocols, Interfaces, and Architectures
29(26)
3.1 Protocol Interface and Its Stack
29(7)
3.1.1 Physical Interface
30(1)
3.1.2 Logical Interface
30(3)
3.1.3 Logical Interfaces' Names and Their Protocol Stack
33(2)
3.1.4 Examples of Logical Interface and Its Protocol Layers
35(1)
3.2 Classifications of Protocol Layers
36(3)
3.2.1 Control Plane or Signaling Protocols
36(2)
3.2.2 User Plane Protocols
38(1)
3.3 Grouping of UMTS, LTE, and 5G Air Interface Protocol Layers
39(3)
3.3.1 Access Stratum (AS): UMTS UE - UTRAN; LTE UE - E-UTRAN;5G UE - NG-RAN
39(2)
3.3.2 Non-Access Stratum: UMTS UE - CN, LTE UE - EPC; 5G UE-Core
41(1)
3.4 Initialization of a Logical Interface
42(1)
3.5 Protocol Layer Termination
43(1)
3.6 Protocol Sublayers
43(1)
3.7 Protocol Conversion
44(1)
3.8 Working Model of a 3GPP Protocol Layer: Services and Functions
45(1)
3.9 General Protocol Model Between RAN and CN (UMTS, LTE, 5G)
46(1)
3.10 Multiple Transport Networks, Protocols, and Physical Layer Interfaces
47(2)
3.11 How to Identify and Understand Protocol Architectures
49(2)
3.11.1 Identifying a Logical Interface, Protocol Stack, and Its Layers
49(2)
3.11.2 Identification of Technical Requirements Using Interface Name
51(1)
3.12 Protocol Layer Procedures over CN Interfaces
51(3)
3.12.1 Similar Functions and Procedures over the CN Interfaces
52(1)
3.12.2 Specific Functions and Procedures over the CN Interfaces
53(1)
Summary
54(1)
4 Encoding and Decoding of Messages
55(12)
4.1 Description and Encoding/Decoding of Air Interface Messages
55(9)
4.1.1 Encoding/Decoding: Air Interface Layer 3 Messages
56(4)
4.1.2 Encoding/Decoding: LTE and 5G NR Layer 2: RLC Protocol
60(1)
4.1.3 Encoding/Decoding: LTE and 5G NR Layer 2: MAC Protocol
60(1)
4.1.4 CSN.1 Encoding/Decoding: GPRS Layer 2 Protocol (RLC/MAC)
60(1)
4.1.5 ASN.1 Encoding/Decoding: UMTS, LTE, and 5G NR Layer 3 Protocol
61(1)
4.1.6 Direct/Indirect Encoding Method
62(1)
4.1.7 Segmented Messages over the Air Interface
63(1)
4.1.8 Piggybacking a Signaling Message
63(1)
4.2 Encoding/Decoding of Signaling Messages: RAN and CN
64(1)
Chapter Summary
65(2)
5 Network Elements: Identities and Its Addressing
67(10)
5.1 Network Elements and Their Identities
67(1)
5.2 Permanent Identities
68(1)
5.3 Temporary Identities Assigned by CN
69(3)
5.3.1 GSM System Temporary Identities
69(1)
5.3.2 GPRS System Temporary Identities
69(1)
5.3.3 LTE/EPS System Temporary Identities
70(2)
5.4 Temporary Identities Assigned by RAN: RNTI
72(1)
5.5 Usages of Network Identities
73(1)
5.6 Native and Mapped Network Identities
73(2)
5.7 LTE UE Application Protocol Identity
75(1)
Summary
76(1)
6 Interworking and Interoperations of Mobile Communications Networks
77(20)
6.1 Requirements and Types of Interworking
77(1)
6.2 Interworking Through Enhanced Network Elements
78(10)
6.2.1 Interworking for Voice Call Through IMS: VoLTE
79(4)
6.2.1.1 IP Multimedia Subsystem (IMS)
80(1)
6.2.1.2 UE Registration and Authentication
81(2)
6.2.2 Interworking for VoLTE Call Through LTE/EPS: SRVCC
83(2)
6.2.3 Interworking for Voice Call Through LTE/EPS: CSFB
85(3)
6.3 Interworking Through Legacy Network Elements
88(1)
6.4 Interworking Between LTE/EPS and 5G Systems
89(1)
6.5 Interoperations of Networks: LTE/EPS Roaming
90(2)
6.5.1 Roaming Through Interoperations of Enhanced Networks Elements
90(2)
6.5.2 Roaming Through Interoperations of Legacy Networks Elements
92(1)
6.6 UE Mode of Operation
92(3)
6.7 Function of E-UTRAN in a VoLTE Call
95(1)
Summary
95(2)
7 Load Balancing and Network Sharing
97(14)
7.1 Core Network Elements Load Balancing
97(5)
7.1.1 Identification of NAS Node: NRI and Its Source
99(1)
7.1.2 NAS Node Selection Function
99(3)
7.2 Network Sharing
102(8)
7.2.1 GSM/GPRS/LTE RAN Sharing Through MOCN Feature
103(6)
7.2.2 5G NG-RAN Sharing Through MOCN Feature (Release 16)
109(1)
Summary
110(1)
8 Packets Encapsulations and Their Routing
111(10)
8.1 User Data Packets Encapsulations
111(5)
8.1.1 Packets Encapsulations at the CN and RAN
112(3)
8.1.1.1 GPRS Tunneling Protocol ( GTP)
112(1)
8.1.1.2 GTP Functions
112(1)
8.1.1.3 GTP User Plane PDU: G-PDU
113(1)
8.1.1.4 GTP Control Plane PDU
114(1)
8.1.1.5 Example: GTP and Packet Encapsulations at LTE EPC
115(1)
8.1.2 Packet Encapsulations over Air Interface
115(1)
8.2 IP Packet Routing in Mobile Communications Networks
116(1)
8.3 IP Header Compression and Decompression
117(2)
Summary
119(2)
9 Security Features in Mobile Communications Networks
121(12)
9.1 A Brief on the Security Architecture: Features and Mechanisms
121(2)
9.2 Security Features and Its Mechanisms
123(3)
9.3 GSM Security Procedures
126(1)
9.4 UMTS, LTE, and 5G: AS and NAS Layer Security Procedures
127(3)
9.5 Security Contexts
130(1)
9.6 Security Interworking
130(2)
Summary
132(1)
Part II Operations and Maintenances 133(38)
10 Alarms and Faults Managements
135(12)
10.1 Network Elements Alarm and Its Classifications
135(1)
10.2 Sources of Abnormal Events and Alarms
136(1)
10.3 Identifying Sources of Alarms from 3GPP TSs
136(2)
10.3.1 Abnormal Conditions
136(1)
10.3.2 Protocol Layer Error Handling
137(1)
10.3.3 Abnormal Conditions Due to Local Errors
138(1)
10.4 Design and Implementation of an Alarm Management System
138(2)
10.4.1 Design and Components of an Alarm
139(1)
10.4.2 Alarm Application Programming Interfaces (APIs)
139(1)
10.4.3 Alarm Database
139(1)
10.5 Alarm Due to Protocol Error
140(2)
10.5.1 Sample Protocol Error Alarm Description
142(1)
10.6 Alarm Due to Abnormal Conditions
142(4)
10.6.1 Normal Scenario
143(1)
10.6.2 Abnormal Scenario
143(1)
10.6.3 Sample Alarm Description
144(1)
10.6.4 Sample Alarm Generation
145(1)
10.6.5 Sample Protocol Error Alarm Generation
145(1)
10.7 How to Troubleshoot Protocol Error Using the Alarm Data
146(1)
Summary
146(1)
11 Performance Measurements and Optimizations of Mobile Communications Networks
147(12)
11.1 Counters for Performance Measurements and Optimizations
147(2)
11.2 Performance and Optimizations Management System
149(1)
11.3 Key Performance Indicator (KPI)
150(7)
11.3.1 What Is a KPI?
150(1)
11.3.2 KPI Domains
150(2)
11.3.3 KPI for Signaling or Control Plane
152(1)
11.3.4 KPI for User or Data Plane
153(1)
11.3.5 KPI Categories
154(1)
11.3.6 KPI Evaluation Steps
155(1)
11.3.7 Troubleshooting and Improving KPI
156(1)
11.3.8 Components of a KPI Definition
157(1)
Summary
157(2)
12 Troubleshooting of Mobile Communications Networks Issues
159(12)
12.1 Air Interface-Related Issues
159(1)
12.1.1 Drive Test, Data Collection, and Its Analysis
160(1)
12.2 Debugging Issues with IP-Based Logical Interface
160(2)
12.2.1 IP Protocol Analyzer
161(1)
12.2.2 Network/Application Throughput Issue
161(1)
12.2.3 Switch Port Mirroring
161(1)
12.3 Conformance Testing Issues
162(2)
12.3.1 Example: Mobile Device (MS)/User Equipment (UE) Conformance Test
163(1)
12.3.2 Example: Location Area Update Request
163(1)
12.4 Interoperability Testing (IOT) Issues
164(1)
12.5 Interworking Issues
165(1)
12.6 Importance of Log/Traces and Its Collections
166(1)
12.7 Steps for Troubleshooting
167(3)
Summary
170(1)
Part III Mobile Communications Systems Development 171(76)
13 Core Software Development Fundamentals
173(18)
13.1 A Brief on Software Development Fundamentals
173(3)
13.1.1 Requirements Phase
174(1)
13.1.2 Design
174(1)
13.1.3 Implementation
175(1)
13.1.4 Integration and Testing
175(1)
13.1.5 Operation and Maintenance
175(1)
13.2 Hardware Platforms: Embedded System, Linux Versus PC
176(3)
13.2.1 System Development Using Embedded System Board
176(1)
13.2.2 System Development Using Multicore Hardware Platform
177(2)
13.2.2.1 What Is a Core?
178(1)
13.2.2.2 Network Element Development Using Multicore Platform
178(1)
13.2.2.3 Runtime Choices of Multicore Processor
178(1)
13.2.2.4 Software Programming Model for Multicore Processor
179(1)
13.3 Selecting Software Platforms and Features
179(5)
13.3.1 Selecting Available Data/Logical Structures
180(1)
13.3.1.1 Advanced Data Structures
180(1)
13.3.1.2 How Data Structure Affects the Application's Performance
180(1)
13.3.2 Selecting an Operating System Services/Facilities
181(4)
13.3.2.1 Advance Features of Operating System: IPC
181(3)
13.4 Software Simulators for a Mobile Communications Network
184(1)
13.5 Software Root Causes and Their Debugging
185(1)
13.5.1 Incorrect Usages of Software Library System Calls/APIs
185(1)
13.5.2 Incorrect Usages of System Resources
185(1)
13.5.3 Bad Software Programming Practices
185(1)
13.6 Static Code Analysis of Software
186(1)
13.7 Software Architecture and Software Organization
186(2)
13.8 System and Software Requirements Analysis
188(1)
13.9 Software Quality: Reliability, Scalability, and Availability
188(1)
13.9.1 Reliability
188(1)
13.9.2 Scalability
188(1)
13.9.3 Availability
188(1)
Summary
189(2)
14 Protocols, Protocol Stack Developments, and Testing
191(44)
14.1 Components of a 3GPP Protocol TS
191(2)
14.2 3GPP Protocol Layer Structured Procedure Description
193(1)
14.3 Protocol Layer Communications
194(4)
14.3.1 Layer-to-Layer Communication Using Service Primitives
195(1)
14.3.2 Layer-to-Layer Communication: SAP
196(1)
14.3.3 Peer-to-Peer Layer Communication: PDU and Service Data Unit (SDU)
197(1)
14.3.4 Types of PDU
198(1)
14.3.5 Formats of PDU
198(1)
14.4 Air Interface Message Format: Signaling Layer 3
198(9)
14.4.1 A Brief on the Air Interface Layer 3 Protocol Stack
198(1)
14.4.2 Classification of Layer 3 Messages
199(1)
14.4.3 Layer 3 Protocol Header: Signaling Message Format
200(2)
14.4.4 Layer 3 Protocol Header: Protocol Discriminator
202(1)
14.4.5 Layer 3 Protocol Header: GSM, GPRS Skip Indicator
202(2)
14.4.6 Layer 3 Protocol Header: GSM, GPRS Transaction Identifier
204(1)
14.4.7 Layer 3 Protocol Header: LTE/EPS Bearer Identity
204(1)
14.4.8 Layer 3 Protocol Header: 5GSM PDU Session Identity
204(1)
14.4.9 Constructing a Layer 3 Message
204(1)
14.4.10 Security Protected LTE/EPS and 5G NAS Layer MM Messages
205(2)
14.4.11 Layer 3 Protocol Layer's Message Dump
207(1)
14.5 Air Interface Message Format: Layer 2
207(1)
14.6 RAN - CN Signaling Messages
208(5)
14.6.1 Protocol Layer Elementary Procedure
208(2)
14.6.2 Types and Classes of EPs
210(1)
14.6.3 EPs Code
210(1)
14.6.4 Criticality of IE
211(1)
14.6.5 Types of Protocol Errors and Its Handling
211(1)
14.6.6 Choices of Triggering Message
212(1)
14.6.7 Message Type
212(1)
14.6.8 Message Description
212(1)
14.6.9 Example: LTE/EPS S1 Interface: S1 Setup Procedure
213(1)
14.7 Modes Operation of a Protocol Layer
213(2)
14.8 Example of a Protocol Primitive and PDU Definition
215(1)
14.9 Example of a Protocol Layer Frame Header Definition
216(1)
14.10 Examples of System Parameters
216(1)
14.11 Examples of Protocol Information Elements and Its Identifier
217(1)
14.12 3GPP Release Specific Changes Implementation
218(1)
14.13 Examples of Protocol Messages Types
219(1)
14.14 Protocol Layer Timer Handling
219(3)
14.15 Protocol Layer Development Using State Machine
222(2)
14.16 Protocol Layer Development Using Message Passing
224(1)
14.17 Protocol Layer Data and its Types
225(1)
14.18 Protocol Layer Control and Configuration
226(1)
14.19 Protocol Context Information
227(1)
14.20 Protocol Layer Message Padding
228(1)
14.21 Device Driver Development
229(1)
14.22 Guidelines for Protocol Stack/Layer Development
230(1)
14.23 Software Profiling, Tools and Performance Improvement
231(1)
14.24 Protocol Stack Testing and Validation
231(2)
Summary
233(2)
15 Deriving Requirements Specifications from a TS
235(12)
15.1 3GPP Protocol Layer Procedures
235(3)
15.1.1 LTE UE Mode of Operation Requirements
236(1)
15.1.2 LTE UE ATTACH Procedure Requirements
236(1)
15.1.3 LTE UE DETACH Procedure Requirements
237(1)
15.1.4 LTE UE Tracking Area Update Procedure Requirements
237(1)
15.2 3GPP System Feature Development Requirements
238(1)
15.2.1 Identification of System/Network Elements Interfaces Changes
238(1)
15.2.2 Identifications of Impacts on Performance
238(1)
15.2.3 Identifications of Impacts on Feature Management
239(1)
15.2.4 Identification of Interworking Requirements with Existing Features
239(1)
15.2.5 Charging and Accounting Aspects
239(1)
15.3 Example Feature: Radio Access Network Sharing
239(3)
15.3.1 Effects on Network Elements
239(1)
15.3.2 Effects on Logical Interfaces
240(1)
15.3.3 Selection of Core Network Operator: PLMN Id
241(1)
15.4 Example: Interworking/Interoperations
242(2)
15.4.1 Circuit-Switched Fall Back (CSFB)
242(1)
15.4.2 Single Radio Voice Call Continuity (SRVCC)
243(1)
15.5 3GPP System Feature and High-Level Design
244(1)
Summary
245(2)
Part IV 5G System and Network 247(250)
16 5G Network: Use Cases and Architecture
249(40)
16.1 5G System (5GS) Use Cases
249(4)
16.1.1 Enablers and Key Principles of 5GS Use Cases
250(3)
16.1.2 Other Enablers in 5G System
253(1)
16.2 Support of Legacy Services by 5G System
253(1)
16.3 5G System Network Architecture
254(2)
16.3.1 3GPP Access Architecture
254(2)
16.3.2 Non-3GPP Access Architecture
256(1)
16.4 5G System NG-RAN/gNB Logical Architecture
256(3)
16.5 5GC System Architecture Elements
259(1)
16.6 5G System Deployment Solutions
260(5)
16.6.1 E-UTRA-NR Dual Connectivity (EN-DC) for NSA Deployment
261(4)
16.7 5G System and LTE/EPS Interworking
265(3)
16.7.1 RAN-Level Interworking
265(1)
16.7.2 Core Network (CN) Level Interworking: N26 Interface
265(3)
16.7.2.1 Single Registration Mode with N26 Interface
266(1)
16.7.2.2 Dual Registration Mode: Without N26 Interface
266(2)
16.8 5G System Native and Mapped Network Identities
268(2)
16.8.1 Mobility Area Identifiers
268(1)
16.8.2 UE/Subscriber Permanent Identifiers
269(1)
16.8.3 Core Network Identifiers
269(1)
16.8.4 RAN Identifiers
269(1)
16.8.5 Core Network Temporary Identities
270(1)
16.9 5G System Network Slicing
270(8)
16.9.1 Identities for a Network Slice
271(2)
16.9.2 Impacts of Network Slicing Feature
273(5)
16.10 Management and Orchestration (MANO) of 5G Network
278(2)
16.11 5G System Security
280(7)
16.11.1 UE Authentication Frameworks and Methods
280(2)
16.11.2 Primary Authentication and Secondary Authentication
282(1)
16.11.3 Key Hierarchy and Authentication Vector
282(1)
16.11.4 New Security Requirements in 5G System
283(3)
16.11.5 Subscriber Identities/Privacy Protection
286(1)
Summary
287(2)
17 Introduction to GSM, UMTS, and LTE Systems Air Interface
289(6)
17.1 Air Interfaces Protocol Architectures
289(1)
17.2 Protocol Sublayers
290(1)
17.3 Control Plane and User Plane Protocols
291(1)
17.4 Protocols Domains Classifications
291(1)
17.5 Access Stratum and Non-access Stratum
291(1)
17.6 Message Formats
292(1)
17.7 Security Over the Air Interface
293(1)
17.8 Piggybacking for Reduction of Signaling Overhead
293(1)
17.8.1 Examples Piggybacking of Signaling Messages
293(1)
Chapter Summary
294(1)
18 SG NR Air Interface: Control Plane Protocols
295(40)
18.1 NR Control Plane Protocol Layers
295(1)
18.2 Session Management (5G SM) Layer
296(5)
18.2.1 Procedures of 5G SM Layer
297(1)
18.2.2 PDU Session Types
298(1)
18.2.3 PDU Session Service Continuity (SSC)
299(1)
18.2.4 PDU Sessions for Network Slices
300(1)
18.2.5 Session Management (SM) Layer States
301(1)
18.3 Quality of Service (5G QoS)
301(7)
18.3.1 LTE/EPS QoS Model: EPS Bearer
301(1)
18.3.2 5GS QoS Model: QoS Flow
301(1)
18.3.3 GTP-U Plane Tunnel for PDU Session
302(1)
18.3.4 Service Data Flow and PCC Rule
302(1)
18.3.5 Binding of Service Data Flow
303(1)
18.3.6 QoS Profile and QFI
303(2)
18.3.7 QoS Rule and QRI
305(1)
18.3.8 Mapping QoS Flow to Data Radio Bearer
305(2)
18.3.9 Downlink Data Flow Through GTP-U Plane Tunnels
307(1)
18.4 Mobility Management (5G MM) Layer
308(9)
18.4.1 Mobility Area Concepts and Identifiers
308(5)
18.4.2 Requirements of Mobility Management Functions
313(1)
18.4.3 Functions and Procedures of 5G MM Layer
314(1)
18.4.4 Mobility Management Layer States
315(1)
18.4.5 Connection Management (CM) and Service Request
316(1)
18.4.6 Mobility Pattern of UE
317(1)
18.5 RRC Layer
317(17)
18.5.1 Functions and Procedures of RRC Layer
317(1)
18.5.2 System Information (SI) Broadcast
318(1)
18.5.3 RRC Layer States
319(1)
18.5.4 RRC INACTIVE State
320(6)
18.5.5 Mobility of UE
326(6)
18.5.5.1 UE Mobility in RRC IDLE State
326(1)
18.5.5.2 UE Mobility in RRC INACTIVE State
326(1)
18.5.5.3 UE Mobility in RRC CONNECTED State
327(5)
18.5.6 Admission Control
332(2)
Summary
334(1)
19 5G NR Air Interface
335(112)
19.1 NR User Plane Protocol Layers
335(1)
19.2 SDAP Layer
336(1)
19.3 PDCP Layer
336(4)
19.4 RLC Layer
340(2)
19.5 MAC Layer
342(17)
19.5.1 Functions and Procedures
342(2)
19.5.2 Scheduling Procedure
344(2)
19.5.3 Random Access Procedure
346(5)
19.5.4 Error Correction Through HARQ Procedure
351(1)
19.5.5 Buffer Status Reporting (BSR) Procedure
352(1)
19.5.6 Scheduling Request (SR) Procedure
353(1)
19.5.7 Low Latency in the NR Due to Configured Scheduling
353(1)
19.5.8 MAC Layer PDU and Header Structures
354(2)
19.5.9 How MAC Layer Ensures Low-Latency Requirements
356(1)
19.5.10 Channel Structures in NR
357(2)
19.6 Physical Layer
359(87)
19.6.1 Principles of Transmissions and Its Directions
360(1)
19.6.2 Physical Layer Functions, Procedures, and Services
360(3)
19.6.3 OFDM Symbol
363(1)
19.6.4 NR Frame and Slot Format
364(4)
19.6.4.1 Subcarrier Spacing (SCS)/Numerologies (ii)
364(1)
19.6.4.2 Slots per NR Frame and Subframe
364(2)
19.6.4.3 Slot Formats in TDD Mode
366(1)
19.6.4.4 Dynamic TDD
367(1)
19.6.5 Resource Grid and Resource Block
368(3)
19.6.5.1 Control Resource Set (CORESET)
369(1)
19.6.5.2 Common Resource Blocks (CRB)
370(1)
19.6.5.3 Physical Resource Block (PRB)
370(1)
19.6.5.4 Virtual Resource Block (VRB)
370(1)
19.6.5.5 Interleaved and Non-interleaved PRB Allocation
370(1)
19.6.5.6 PRB Bundling and VRB to PRB Mapping
371(1)
19.6.5.7 Reference Point "A"
371(1)
19.6.6 Channel and Transmission Bandwidths
371(2)
19.6.7 Bandwidth Part (BWP)
373(4)
19.6.7.1 Types of BWP
374(1)
19.6.7.2 BWP Configuration
375(1)
19.6.7.3 BWP Switching and Associated Delay
376(1)
19.6.8 NR Resource Allocations
377(7)
19.6.8.1 Frequency Domain Resource Allocation for FDD Transmission
377(3)
19.6.8.2 Time-Domain Resources Allocation for FDD Transmission
380(3)
19.6.8.3 Time-Domain Resources Allocation for TDD
383(1)
19.6.9 Transport Channels and Their Processing Chain
384(6)
19.6.9.1 CRC Calculation and its Attachment to a Transport Block
385(1)
19.6.9.2 Code Block Segmentation
385(1)
19.6.9.3 Channel Encoding with LDPC
386(1)
19.6.9.4 Rate Matching and Concatenation
387(1)
19.6.9.5 Multiplexing of UL-SCH Data and Uplink Control Information
388(1)
19.6.9.6 LDPC Encoding Examples
388(2)
19.6.10 Physical Channels and Their Processing Chain
390(15)
19.6.10.1 Physical Channels
390(1)
19.6.10.2 Channel Mappings
391(1)
19.6.10.3 Multiple Physical Antenna Transmissions
392(3)
19.6.10.4 Physical Channel Processing Chain
395(2)
19.6.10.5 Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH)
397(7)
19.6.10.6 Physical Uplink Control Channel (PUCCH) and Information (UCI)
404(1)
19.6.11 Code Block Group-Based Transmission and Reception
405(4)
19.6.12 Physical Signals
409(5)
19.6.12.1 Reference Signals Transmitted as Part of Physical Channels
410(2)
19.6.12.2 Sounding Reference Signals
412(2)
19.6.13 Downlink Synchronization
414(5)
19.6.14 Millimeter Wave Transmission, Beamforming, and Its Management
419(5)
19.6.15 Cell-Level Radio Link Monitoring (RLM)
424(2)
19.6.16 RRM Measurements for UE Mobility
426(4)
19.6.16.1 RRM Measurement Signals and Their Quantities
426(1)
19.6.16.2 RRM Measurements Framework
427(2)
19.6.16.3 Overall RRM Process
429(1)
19.6.17 Channel State Information (CSI)
430(3)
19.6.18 Modulation and Coding Schemes (MCSs)
433(1)
19.6.19 Link Adaptation Procedure
434(1)
19.6.20 Random Access (RACH) Procedure
435(4)
19.6.21 NR Radio Resources Management (RRM) Procedure
439(5)
19.6.22 UE Transmit Power Control
444(1)
19.6.22.1 Types of Power Control Procedure in NR
444(1)
19.6.22.2 UE Transmit Power Determination Procedure in NR
445(1)
19.6.23 Effect of Physical Layer on Data Throughputs
445(1)
Summary
446(1)
20 5G Core Network Architecture
447(26)
20.1 Control Plane and User Plane Separation - CUPS
447(5)
20.1.1 Impacts of CUPS Feature
448(1)
20.1.2 CUPS in the LTE/EPC Network
449(1)
20.1.3 CUPS Feature in 5G Core Network
450(2)
20.2 Service-Based Architecture (SBA)
452(17)
20.2.1 Network Functions and Its Instances
453(1)
20.2.2 Network Functions (NFs) and Their Services Interfaces
454(2)
20.2.3 5G System Architecture with NF
456(1)
20.2.4 Network Functions and Their Services and Operations
457(1)
20.2.5 Network Functions Services Framework
458(4)
20.2.6 Services API for Network Functions
462(6)
20.2.7 Network Function Selection
468(1)
20.3 Network Function Virtualization (NFV)
469(3)
Summary
472(1)
21 56 System: Low-level Design
473(20)
21.1 Design of 5GC Service Interface and Its Operations
473(1)
21.2 Design of 5GC NF Service Interface Using UML and C++ Class Diagram
474(1)
21.3 Usages of C++ Standard Template Library (STL)
475(1)
21.4 Software Architecture for 5G System
476(3)
21.4.1 NG-RAN Logical Nodes Software Architecture
476(3)
21.4.2 5GC Software Architecture
479(1)
21.5 Data Types Used in 5GC SBI Communications
479(12)
Summary
491(2)
22 3GPP Release 16 and Beyond
493(4)
22.1 5GS Enhancements as Part of Release 16
493(1)
22.2 5GS New Features as Part of Release 16
494(2)
22.3 3GPP Release 17
496(1)
Summary
496(1)
Appendix 497(6)
References 503(4)
Index 507
Rajib Taid is currently Deputy General Manager (Information Technology) for BCPL, India. He has over 20 years of experience working with and in government agencies and private corporations. His competencies range from mobile communications software research and development to managing multiple technology domains and platforms.
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