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E-raamat: Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields - From Ultracold Physics to Controlled Chemistry: From Ultracold Physics to Controlled Chemistry [Wiley Online]

  • Formaat: 384 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Jul-2018
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119382637
  • ISBN-13: 9781119382638
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 161,71 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields - From Ultracold Physics to Controlled Chemistry: From Ultracold Physics to Controlled ChemistrySuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 384 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 31-Jul-2018
  • Kirjastus: John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • ISBN-10: 1119382637
  • ISBN-13: 9781119382638
Teised raamatud teemal:
Wiley Online e-raamatudRohkem infot Wiley Online kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/book/10.1002/9781119382638
A tutorial for calculating the response of molecules to electric and magnetic fields with examples from research in ultracold physics, controlled chemistry, and molecular collisions in fields

Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields is intended to serve as a tutorial for students beginning research, theoretical or experimental, in an area related to molecular physics. The authora noted expert in the fieldoffers a systematic discussion of the effects of static and dynamic electric and magnetic fields on the rotational, fine, and hyperfine structure of molecules. The book illustrates how the concepts developed in ultracold physics research have led to what may be the beginning of controlled chemistry in the fully quantum regime.  Offering a glimpse of the current state of the art research, this book suggests future research avenues for ultracold chemistry. 

The text describes theories needed to understand recent exciting developments in the research on trapping molecules, guiding molecular beams, laser control of molecular rotations, and external field control of microscopic intermolecular interactions. In addition, the author presents the description of scattering theory for molecules in electromagnetic fields and offers practical advice for students working on various aspects of molecular interactions. 

This important text:





Offers information on theeffects of electromagnetic fields on the structure of molecular energy levels Includes thorough descriptions of the most useful theories for ultracold molecule researchers Presents a wealth of illustrative examples from recent experimental and theoretical work Contains helpful exercises that help to reinforce concepts presented throughout text

Written for senior undergraduate and graduate students, professors, researchers, physicists, physical chemists, and chemical physicists, Molecules in Electromagnetic Fields is an interdisciplinary text describing theories and examples from the core of contemporary molecular physics. 
List of Figures
xiii
List of Tables
xxv
Preface xxvii
Acknowledgments xxxi
1 Introduction to Rotational, Fine, and Hyperfine Structure of Molecular Radicals
1(34)
1.1 Why Molecules are Complex
1(2)
1.2 Separation of Scales
3(14)
1.2.1 Electronic Energy
5(5)
1.2.2 Vibrational Energy
10(4)
1.2.3 Rotational and Fine Structure
14(3)
1.3 Rotation of a Molecule
17(4)
1.4 Hund's Cases
21(2)
1.4.1 Hund's Coupling Case (a)
21(1)
1.4.2 Hund's Coupling Case (b)
22(1)
1.4.3 Hund's Coupling Case (c)
23(1)
1.5 Parity of Molecular States
23(4)
1.6 General Notation for Molecular States
27(1)
1.7 Hyperfine Structure of Molecules
28(7)
1.7.1 Magnetic Interactions with Nuclei
28(1)
1.7.2 Fermi Contact Interaction
29(1)
1.7.3 Long-Range Magnetic Dipole Interaction
30(1)
1.7.4 Electric Quadrupole Hyperfine Interaction
31(1)
Exercises
31(4)
2 DC Stark Effect
35(24)
2.1 Electric Field Perturbations
35(2)
2.2 Electric Dipole Moment
37(3)
2.3 Linear and Quadratic Stark Shifts
40(2)
2.4 Stark Shifts of Rotational Levels
42(17)
2.4.1 Molecules in 1Σ Electronic State
42(4)
2.4.2 Molecules in a 2Σ Electronic State
46(2)
2.4.3 Molecules in a 3Σ Electronic State
48(4)
2.4.4 Molecules in a 1Π Electronic State -- Δ-Doubling
52(2)
2.4.5 Molecules in a 2Π Electronic State
54(2)
Exercises
56(3)
3 Zeeman Effect
59(22)
3.1 The Electron Spin
59(4)
3.1.1 The Dirac Equation
60(3)
3.2 Zeeman Energy of a Moving Electron
63(1)
3.3 Magnetic Dipole Moment
64(2)
3.4 Zeeman Operator in the Molecule-Fixed Frame
66(1)
3.5 Zeeman Shifts of Rotational Levels
67(8)
3.5.1 Molecules in a 2Σ State
67(4)
3.5.2 Molecules in a 2Π Electronic State
71(3)
3.5.3 Isolated Σ States
74(1)
3.6 Nuclear Zeeman Effect
75(6)
3.6.1 Zeeman Effect in 1Σ Molecule
76(2)
Exercises
78(3)
4 AC Stark Effect
81(40)
4.1 Periodic Hamiltonians
82(2)
4.2 The Floquet Theory
84(8)
4.2.1 Floquet Matrix
88(1)
4.2.2 Time Evolution Operator
89(1)
4.2.3 Brief Summary of Floquet Theory Results
90(2)
4.3 Two-Mode Floquet Theory
92(2)
4.4 Rotating Wave Approximation
94(2)
4.5 Dynamic Dipole Polarizability
96(8)
4.5.1 Polarizability Tensor
97(2)
4.5.2 Dipole Polarizability of a Diatomic Molecule
99(2)
4.5.3 Rotational vs Vibrational vs Electronic Polarizability
101(3)
4.6 Molecules in an Off-Resonant Laser Field
104(3)
4.7 Molecules in a Microwave Field
107(2)
4.8 Molecules in a Quantized Field
109(12)
4.8.1 Field Quantization
109(7)
4.8.2 Interaction of Molecules with Quantized Field
116(1)
4.8.3 Quantized Field vs Floquet Theory
117(1)
Exercises
118(3)
5 Molecular Rotations Under Control
121(24)
5.1 Orientation and Alignment
122(14)
5.1.1 Orienting Molecular Axis in Laboratory Frame
123(3)
5.1.2 Quantum Pendulum
126(3)
5.1.3 Pendular States of Molecules
129(2)
5.1.4 Alignment of Molecules by Intense Laser Fields
131(5)
5.2 Molecular Centrifuge
136(4)
5.3 Orienting Molecules Matters -- Which Side Chemistry
140(2)
5.4 Conclusion
142(3)
Exercises
142(3)
6 External Field Traps
145(30)
6.1 Deflection and Focusing of Molecular Beams
146(5)
6.2 Electric (and Magnetic) Slowing of Molecular Beams
151(4)
6.3 Earnshaw's Theorem
155(3)
6.4 Electric Traps
158(4)
6.5 Magnetic Traps
162(3)
6.6 Optical Dipole Trap
165(2)
6.7 Microwave Trap
167(1)
6.8 Optical Lattices
168(3)
6.9 Some Applications of External Field Traps
171(4)
Exercises
173(2)
7 Molecules in Superimposed Fields
175(12)
7.1 Effects of Combined DC Electric and Magnetic Fields
175(6)
7.1.1 Linear Stark Effect at Low Fields
175(3)
7.1.2 Imaging of Radio-Frequency Fields
178(3)
7.2 Effects of Combined DC and AC Electric Fields
181(6)
7.2.1 Enhancement of Orientation by Laser Fields
181(1)
7.2.2 Tug of War Between DC and Microwave Fields
182(5)
8 Molecular Collisions in External Fields
187(30)
8.1 Coupled-Channel Theory of Molecular Collisions
188(20)
8.1.1 A Very General Formulation
188(3)
8.1.2 Boundary Conditions
191(3)
8.1.3 Scattering Amplitude
194(3)
8.1.4 Scattering Cross Section
197(3)
8.1.5 Scattering of Identical Molecules
200(4)
8.1.6 Numerical Integration of Coupled-Channel Equations
204(4)
8.2 Interactions with External Fields
208(3)
8.2.1 Coupled-Channel Equations in Arbitrary Basis
208(1)
8.2.2 External Field Couplings
209(2)
8.3 The Arthurs--Dalgarno Representation
211(3)
8.4 Scattering Rates
214(3)
9 Matrix Elements of Collision Hamiltonians
217(22)
9.1 Wigner--Eckart Theorem
218(2)
9.2 Spherical Tensor Contraction
220(1)
9.3 Collisions in a Magnetic Field
221(8)
9.3.1 Collisions of 1S-Atoms with 2Σ-Molecules
221(4)
9.3.2 Collisions of 1S-Atoms with 3Σ-Molecules
225(4)
9.4 Collisions in an Electric Field
229(3)
9.4.1 Collisions of 2Π Molecules with 1S Atoms
229(3)
9.5 Atom-Molecule Collisions in a Microwave Field
232(2)
9.6 Total Angular Momentum Representation for Collisions in Fields
234(5)
10 Field-Induced Scattering Resonances
239(18)
10.1 Feshbach vs Shape Resonances
239(3)
10.2 The Green's Operator in Scattering Theory
242(1)
10.3 Feshbach Projection Operators
243(3)
10.4 Resonant Scattering
246(3)
10.5 Calculation of Resonance Locations and Widths
249(3)
10.5.1 Single Open Channel
249(1)
10.5.2 Multiple Open Channels
249(3)
10.6 Locating Field-Induced Resonances
252(5)
11 Field Control of Molecular Collisions
257(26)
11.1 Why to Control Molecular Collisions
257(2)
11.2 Molecular Collisions are Difficult to Control
259(2)
11.3 General Mechanisms for External Field Control
261(1)
11.4 Resonant Scattering
261(3)
11.5 Zeeman and Stark Relaxation at Zero Collision Energy
264(5)
11.6 Effect of Parity Breaking in Combined Fields
269(2)
11.7 Differential Scattering in Electromagnetic Fields
271(1)
11.8 Collisions in Restricted Geometries
272(11)
11.8.1 Threshold Scattering of Molecules in Two Dimensions
276(4)
11.8.2 Collisions in a Quasi-Two-Dimensional Geometry
280(3)
12 Ultracold Controlled Chemistry
283(14)
12.1 Can Chemistry Happen at Zero Kelvin?
284(3)
12.2 Ultracold Stereodynamics
287(2)
12.3 Molecular Beams Under Control
289(1)
12.4 Reactions in Magnetic Traps
289(2)
12.5 Ultracold Chemistry -- The Why and What's Next?
291(6)
12.5.1 Practical Importance of Ultracold Chemistry?
291(2)
12.5.2 Fundamental Importance of Ultracold Controlled Chemistry
293(1)
12.5.3 A Brief Outlook
294(3)
A Unit Conversion Factors
297(2)
B Addition of Angular Momenta
299(8)
B.1 The Clebsch-Gordan Coefficients
301(2)
B.2 The Wigner 3j-Symbols
303(1)
B.3 The Raising and Lowering Operators
304(3)
C Direction Cosine Matrix
307(2)
D Wigner D-Functions
309(6)
D.1 Matrix Elements Involving D-Functions
311(4)
E Spherical Tensors
315(6)
E.1 Scalar and Vector Products of Vectors in Spherical Basis
317(1)
E.2 Scalar and Tensor Products of Spherical Tensors
318(3)
References 321(26)
Index 347
ROMAN V. KREMS is a professor of theoretical chemistry at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, Canada. His current research focuses on understanding the effects of electromagnetic fields on dynamics of few- and many-body molecular systems, the interaction properties of molecules at extremely low temperatures, and applications of machine learning to molecular physics.
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