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E-raamat: Neutrophils: New Outlook for Old Cells 3rd Revised edition [World Scientific e-raamat]

Edited by (The Wistar Inst, Usa)
  • Formaat: 448 pages, Illustrations
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-May-2013
  • Kirjastus: Imperial College Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781848168374
Teised raamatud teemal:
  • World Scientific e-raamat
  • Hind: 177,41 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
Neutrophils: New Outlook for Old Cells 3rd Revised editionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 448 pages, Illustrations
  • Ilmumisaeg: 06-May-2013
  • Kirjastus: Imperial College Press
  • ISBN-13: 9781848168374
Teised raamatud teemal:
World Scientific e-raamatudRohkem infot World Scientific e-raamatute kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: http://www.worldscientific.com/worldscibooks/10.1142/P823#t=toc
This is a third edition of the popular book, which presents an overview of the most recent findings in the biology of neutrophils. These cells are critically important for protection against bacterial and viral infections and have been recently demonstrated to be a major contributor to tumor associated immune suppression. In addition, neutrophils represent a unique model for studying fundamental questions of cellular biochemistry and molecular biology. This monograph provides a detailed description of signal transduction, generation of reactive oxygen, and mechanisms of migration and death of these cells. Besides that, it contains unique information regarding neutrophils' role in cancer. Finally, this monograph describes recent advances in attempts to improve neutrophil function and use these cells in the treatment of diseases.
Preface vii
List of Contributors
xi
Chapter 1 Molecular Regulation of Granulopoiesis
1(41)
Sachin Kumar
Marie-Dominique Filippi
1.1 Introduction
2(1)
1.2 Sequential Steps of PMN Development
2(3)
1.2.1 From HSC to granulocytic precursors
2(1)
1.2.2 Final stages of granulocytic maturation - Acquisition of granulocyte characteristics
3(2)
1.3 Regulation of Steady State Granulopoiesis
5(21)
1.3.1 Growth factors
6(1)
1.3.1.1 G-CSF: Sources and functions
7(1)
1.3.1.2 G-CSFR and downstream signaling pathways
8(2)
1.3.1.3 G-CSFR signaling: Instructive or permissive?
10(1)
1.3.2 Transcription factors (TF)
11(6)
1.3.2.1 PU.1 - Generation of CMP from HSC
17(1)
1.3.2.2 C/EBPα - Generation of GMP from CMP
18(1)
1.3.2.3 C/EBPε - Terminal stages of differentiation
19(1)
1.3.2.4 Gfi-1 - Terminal stages of differentiation
19(1)
1.3.2.5 Other transcription factors important for granulopoiesis
20(1)
1.3.2.5.1 Retinoic acid receptors
20(1)
1.3.2.5.2 HoxA10
20(1)
1.3.2.5.3 LEF-1
20(1)
1.3.3 MicroRNA
21(4)
1.3.4 Cell cycle regulation
25(1)
1.4 Emergency Granulopoiesis
26(1)
1.5 Conclusion
27(15)
References
27(15)
Chapter 2 The Neutrophil Respiratory Burst Oxidase
42(64)
Mark T. Quinn
2.1 Introduction
43(1)
2.2 NADPH Oxidase Components
44(19)
2.2.1 Flavocytochrome b
45(6)
2.2.2 p47phox
51(5)
2.2.3 p67phox
56(3)
2.2.4 p40phox
59(2)
2.2.5 Rac
61(1)
2.2.6 Rap1A
62(1)
2.3 Oxidase Protein Binding Interactions
63(7)
2.3.1 Flavocytochrome b-p47phox interactions
64(2)
2.3.2 p40phox-p47phox-p67phox interactions
66(2)
2.3.3 Rac interactions
68(2)
2.4 Model of NADPH Oxidase Assembly
70(3)
2.5 Oxidant Production
73(6)
2.5.1 Superoxide anion (O2-)
73(1)
2.5.2 Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)
74(1)
2.5.3 Hypochlorous acid (HOCl)
75(1)
2.5.4 Hydroxyl radical (HO)
76(1)
2.5.5 Singlet oxygen (1O2)
77(1)
2.5.6 Nitric oxide (NO) and peroxynitrite (ONOO-)
78(1)
2.7 Summary
79(27)
Acknowledgments
80(1)
References
80(26)
Chapter 3 Novel Neutrophil Receptors and Their Signal Transduction
106(23)
Nicole R. Fortenbery
Xianhong Chen
Sheng Wei
3.1 Introduction
107(1)
3.2 Siglecs
108(8)
3.2.1 Identification of siglecs
109(1)
3.2.2 Characterization of siglecs
109(1)
3.2.3 Siglec-5
110(2)
3.2.4 Siglec-9
112(1)
3.2.5 Siglec-14
113(1)
3.2.6 Siglec signaling
113(2)
3.2.7 Clinical applications
115(1)
3.3 Triggering Receptor Expressed by Myeloid Cells (TREM)
116(13)
3.3.1 Identification of TREM
117(1)
3.3.2 Characterization of TREM-1
117(1)
3.3.3 TREM-1-DAP12 and signal transduction
118(2)
3.3.4 TREM-1 ligand(s)
120(1)
References
121(8)
Chapter 4 Mechanisms of Neutrophil Migration
129(60)
Fong W. Lam
Rolando E. Rumbaut
Alan R. Burns
4.1 Introduction
130(1)
4.2 Historical Perspective on Leukocyte Adhesion and Emigration (1669-1955)
131(3)
4.2.1 The first observations
131(2)
4.2.2 Mechanistic insight
133(1)
4.3 Molecular Adhesive Events Preceding Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration
134(2)
4.4 Integrin Regulation of Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration
136(2)
4.5 Paracellular Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration
138(14)
4.5.1 Endothelial cleft organization
138(1)
4.5.2 Tight junctions and preferred transmigration sites
139(5)
4.5.3 Adherens junctions
144(2)
4.5.4 Gap junctions
146(1)
4.5.5 PECAM-1
147(2)
4.5.6 CD99
149(1)
4.5.7 Junctional adhesion molecules (JAM)
150(1)
4.5.8 JAM-A
151(1)
4.5.9 JAM-B and JAM-C
152(1)
4.6 Transcellular Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration
152(5)
4.7 Endothelial Permeability Responses to Neutrophil Transendothelial Migration
157(8)
4.8 The Role of Platelets in Neutrophil Transmigration
165(2)
4.9 Concluding Remarks
167(22)
Acknowledgments
168(1)
References
168(21)
Chapter 5 Cytokine Production by Neutrophils
189(29)
Luc de Chaisemartin
Marco Cassatella
Sylvie Chollet-Martin
5.1 Introduction
189(1)
5.2 General Features of Cytokine Production by Human Neutrophils
190(1)
5.3 Production of Specific Cytokines by Neutrophils
191(12)
5.3.1 Chemokines
191(1)
5.3.1.1 IL-8/CXCL8 and GROα/CXCL1
191(2)
5.3.1.2 IFN-γ-inducible protein of 10 kDa (IP-10/CXCL10)
193(1)
5.3.1.3 Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α and β (MIP-1α/CCL3 and MIP-1β/CCL4)
193(1)
5.3.2 Proinflammatory cytokines
194(1)
5.3.2.1 Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α)
194(1)
5.3.2.2 Interleukin-1
195(1)
5.3.2.3 Interleukin-6
195(1)
5.3.2.4 Interleukin-12
196(1)
5.3.2.5 Interferon (IFN)-α
196(1)
5.3.2.6 Interferon-γ (IFN-γ)
196(1)
5.3.2.7 IL-17
197(1)
5.3.3 Anti-inflammatory cytokines
197(1)
5.3.3.1 Interleukin-4
198(1)
5.3.3.2 Transforming growth factor
199(1)
5.3.3.3 IL-10
199(1)
5.3.4 Cytokine inhibitors
199(1)
5.3.4.1 Oncostatin M (OSM)
200(1)
5.3.5 Growth factors
201(1)
5.3.5.1 Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)
201(1)
5.3.5.2 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)
201(1)
5.3.5.3 Colony-stimulating factors (CSF)
202(1)
5.4 Cross-Talk with Other Cells
203(1)
5.5 Patterns of Cytokine Production in Human Neutrophils
204(5)
5.5.1 Degranulation
204(2)
5.5.2 De novo protein synthesis
206(1)
5.5.3 Shedding of membrane-bound cytokine
207(1)
5.5.4 Expression of receptor-bound cytokine
207(1)
5.5.5 Neutrophil extracellular traps (NET)-associated release
208(1)
5.5.6 Modulation of PMN-derived cytokine release using various mechanisms
208(1)
5.5.7 Cellular models of neutrophil cytokine production
209(1)
5.6 Conclusion
209(9)
References
210(8)
Chapter 6 Neutrophils and Apoptosis
218(23)
Christopher D. Lucas
Adriano G. Rossi
6.1 Introduction
219(1)
6.2 Apoptosis
220(6)
6.2.1 Caspases
220(2)
6.2.2 Intrinsic pathway of apoptosis
222(3)
6.2.3 Extrinsic pathway of apoptosis
225(1)
6.3 Neutrophil Lifespan Under Basal and Inflammatory Conditions
226(3)
6.4 Signalling Pathways Controlling Neutrophil Apoptosis
229(1)
6.5 Recognition and Clearance of Apoptotic Neutrophils
230(2)
6.6 Neutrophil Apoptosis and the Resolution of Inflammation
232(4)
6.7 Conclusions and Future Directions of Apoptosis Research
236(5)
References
236(5)
Chapter 7 Regulation of Neutrophil Functions by Long Chain Fatty Acids
241(69)
Antonio Ferrante
Charles S. Hii
Bernadette Boog
7.1 Introduction
241(1)
7.2 Fatty Acids
242(4)
7.2.1 Sources, uptake and receptors of fatty acids
244(1)
7.2.2 Release of fatty acids during cell activation - role of phospholipase A2
245(1)
7.3 Metabolism of Arachidonic Acid and Other Fatty Acids
246(11)
7.3.1 General
246(3)
7.3.2 Metabolism in neutrophils
249(1)
7.3.2.1 Acylation into phospholipids and triglycerides
249(1)
7.3.2.2 5-lipoxygenase
250(2)
7.3.2.3 12-lipoxygenase
252(1)
7.3.2.4 15-lipoxygenase
252(1)
7.3.2.5 Cyclooxygenase
253(1)
7.3.2.6 co-oxidation
253(1)
7.3.3 Transcellular metabolism
254(1)
7.3.3.1 Lipoxins
254(1)
7.3.3.2 Resolvins and protectins
255(2)
7.4 Biological Properties of AA
257(2)
7.4.1 Effects on neutrophil adhesion, cell migration and chemotaxis
257(1)
7.4.2 Activation of the NADPH oxidase
258(1)
7.4.3 Stimulation of degranulation
259(1)
7.5 Effects of n-3 Fatty Acids, Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid on Neutrophils
259(1)
7.6 Regulation of Neutrophil Functions by Metabolites of AA
260(3)
7.6.1 Products of the lipoxygenase pathway
261(1)
7.6.2 Products of the cyclooxygenase pathway
262(1)
7.6.3 Hydroxynonenal, a peroxidation product of AA
263(1)
7.7 Biological Properties of Resolvins and Protectins
263(1)
7.8 Relationship Between Fatty Acid Structure and Biological Function
264(2)
7.9 Cytokine-Induced Alteration in Neutrophil Responses to Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
266(1)
7.10 Neutrophil Priming Properties of Fatty Acids
267(5)
7.10.1 Alteration of responses to fMLF and PMA
268(1)
7.10.2 Antimicrobial activity
269(1)
7.10.3 Tissue damage
269(2)
7.10.4 Cell surface receptor expression
271(1)
7.11 Mechanisms of Fatty Acid-Induced Neutrophil Activation
272(14)
7.11.1 Polyunsaturated fatty acids stimulate neutrophils independently of lipoxygenase and cyclooxygenase pathways
272(1)
7.11.2 Differences in metabolism of long chain and very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids
273(1)
7.11.3 Activation of intracellular signals
274(1)
7.11.3.1 Mobilisation of intracellular calcium
275(1)
7.11.3.2 Heterotrimeric G proteins
275(1)
7.11.3.3 Protein kinase C (PKC)
276(1)
7.11.3.4 Activation of PLA2 by 20:4n-6 and other fatty acids
277(1)
7.11.3.5 Activation of the MAP kinases
278(1)
7.11.3.6 Activation of sphingomyelinase
279(1)
7.11.3.7 Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)
280(1)
7.11.3.8 Ion channels
281(1)
7.11.3.9 Modulation of the activation status of small GTP-binding proteins
281(1)
7.11.4 Evidence for an involvement of PKC, ERK, p38 and PI3K in AA-stimulated superoxide production
282(3)
7.11.5 Involvement of ERK1/ERK2 and p38 in regulating 5-LOX
285(1)
7.11.6 Interaction between AA and S100 proteins in regulation of NADPH oxidase activation
285(1)
7.12 Modulation of TNF Receptor Expression
286(1)
7.13 Novel Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids
287(1)
7.14 Summary
287(23)
Acknowledgments
290(1)
References
290(20)
Chapter 8 S100 Calgranulins in Inflammation
310(68)
Carolyn L. Geczy
Phillipe A. Tessier
Lincoln Gomes
8.1 S100s in Neutrophils
311(2)
8.2 Calgranulin Structure
313(1)
8.3 Disease Associations
314(1)
8.4 Mechanisms of Secretion
315(2)
8.5 Intracellular Functions
317(4)
8.5.1 Gene expression, cell growth, and differentiation
317(1)
8.5.2 Cytoskeletal organization
318(1)
8.5.3 Fatty acid and arachidonic acid transport
318(1)
8.5.4 NADPH oxidase assembly and activation
319(1)
8.5.5 S100A12
320(1)
8.6 Extracellular Functions
321(16)
8.6.1 Putative calgranulin receptors
321(9)
8.6.2 Chemotaxis, adhesion and migration
330(2)
8.6.3 Activation of cells
332(3)
8.6.4 Antimicrobial and anti-invasive properties
335(1)
8.6.5 Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP)
336(1)
8.6.6 Apoptosis
337(1)
8.7 Functions Learnt from Murine Models
337(8)
8.7.1 Gene deletion of S100A8 and S100A9
338(4)
8.7.2 S100A9-/- models
342(3)
8.8 Oxidant Scavenging by S100A8 and S100A9
345(8)
8.8.1 Structural modifications generated by oxidation and functional consequences
347(1)
8.8.1.1 Oxidation by hypohalous acids
348(2)
8.8.1.2 Some functional consequences of oxidation
350(1)
8.8.2 S-nitrosylation
351(1)
8.8.3 S-glutathionylation
352(1)
8.9 Summary
353(25)
Acknowledgments
354(1)
References
354(24)
Chapter 9 Neutrophils and Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells in Cancer
378(21)
Je-In Youn
Alex Corzo
Dmitry Gabrilovich
9.1 Neutrophils in Cancer; A Concept Revisited
378(3)
9.2 Expansion of MDSC in Cancer
381(2)
9.3 The Nature of PMN-MDSC in Cancer
383(2)
9.4 Reactive Oxygen Species and PMN-MDSC
385(5)
9.4.1 Mechanism of NADPH up-regulation in MDSC
386(2)
9.4.2 ROS effects on T cells
388(2)
9.5 Conclusions
390(9)
References
390(9)
Chapter 10 Colony-Stimulating Factors for Prevention and Treatment of Neutropenia and Infectious Diseases
399(20)
David C. Dale
Lee J. Quinton
Steve Nelson
10.1 Characteristics of G-CSF, GM-CSF and their Receptors
400(1)
10.1.1 Granulocyte colony stimulating factor
400(1)
10.1.2 Granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor
401(1)
10.2 Neutrophil and Monocyte Development, Deployment and Function
401(3)
10.3 CSF Levels in Health and Disease
404(1)
10.4 CSF and Chemotherapy-Induced Neutropenia
405(1)
10.5 CSF and Management of Severe Chronic Neutropenia
406(5)
10.5.1 Severe congenital neutropenia - Kostmann syndrome
408(1)
10.5.2 ELANE-associated neutropenia
408(1)
10.5.3 Other congenital disorders causing severe neutropenia
409(1)
10.5.4 Acquired severe chronic neutropenia
409(1)
10.5.5 CSF for the management of chronic neutropenia
410(1)
10.6 CSF for the Treatment of Infectious Diseases
411(2)
10.6.1 Preclinical and clinical studies
411(2)
10.7 Summary Comments
413(6)
References
413(6)
Index 419
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