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E-raamat: Organised Crime and the Law: A Comparative Analysis [Hart e-raamatud]

Liz Campbell

Formaat: 316 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 01-Feb-2013
Kirjastus: Hart Publishing
ISBN-13: 9781782250784

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Hart e-raamatud
Hind: 52,48 €*
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Formaat: 316 pages
Ilmumisaeg: 01-Feb-2013
Kirjastus: Hart Publishing
ISBN-13: 9781782250784

Teised raamatud teemal:

Rohkem infot Hart e-raamatute kohta

This book presents an overview of the laws and policies adopted to address the phenomenon of organised crime in the UK and Ireland, assessing the degree to which these justice systems have been recalibrated in terms of the prevention, investigation, prosecution, and punishment of organised crime. While the notion of organised crime itself is a contested one, States' legal responses treat it and its constituent offenses as unproblematic in a definitional sense. The book advances a systematic doctrinal critique of those domestic criminal laws, the laws of evidence, and financial regulations. Organised Crime and the Law constructs a theoretical framework on which an appraisal of these legal measures may be based, focusing in particular on the tension between due process and crime control, the demands of public protection and risk aversion, and other adaptations. In particular, it identifies parallels and points of divergence between the different jurisdictions in the UK and Ireland, bearing in mind the shared history of subversive threats and anti-terrorist policies. The book further examines the extent to which policy transfer is evident in the UK and Ireland in terms of emulating the US in the reactions to organised crime.

Table of Cases

Table of Legislation

xxi

Table of International Treaties and Conventions

xli

1 Introduction

(11)

I The Comparator Jurisdictions

(2)

II The Legal Framework

(2)

III The International Dimension

(2)

IV The Theoretical Lens

(1)

V Structural Outline

(2)

2 Organised Crime: Defining, Measuring and Criminalising the Problem

(29)

I Introduction

(1)

II Defining Organised Crime

(7)

III The Extent of the Problem

(3)

IV Criminalising Organised Crime

(7)

Problems with the Legislation

(4)

V What are Organised Crimes?

(5)

VI New State Agencies

(4)

VII Conclusion

(2)

3 The Theoretical Framework: Tensions in Criminal Justice

(22)

I Introduction

(1)

II Competing Demands in the Criminal Process

(13)

A Public Protection

(2)

B Risk

(2)

C A State of Emergency

(3)

D Adaptations

(1)

III The Judiciary and Due Process - Dialogue Between the Arms of the State

(6)

IV Conclusion

(2)

4 Investigating Organised Crime: Altering the Pre-trial Process

(48)

I Introduction

(2)

II Access and Disclosure Orders

(5)

III Suspicious Activity Reports

(4)

IV Surveillance

(17)

A Intrusive and Directed Surveillance

(6)

B Communications Surveillance

(1)

i Interception

(2)

ii Communication Records and Traffic Data

(2)

C Cross-border Surveillance

(1)

D Legitimacy and Legality of Surveillance

(3)

V Covert Human Intelligence Sources

(8)

A Encouraging Criminality?

(1)

B Entrapment

(2)

VI Controlled Deliveries

(2)

VII Detention

101

(3)

VIII Interrogation

104

(5)

Inference-Drawing Provisions

106

(3)

IX Conclusion

109

(2)

5 Prosecuting Organised Crime: The Criminal Trial

111

(49)

I Introduction

111

(2)

II Procedural Law Changes

113

(11)

A The Admissibility of Interception Evidence

114

(3)

B Accomplice Evidence

117

(3)

Benefits for accomplices

120

(4)

III Threats to Jurors and Witnesses

124

(1)

IV Threats to Jurors

125

(16)

A Restricting the Right to Trial by Jury

125

(3)

i Using Non-jury Trials for `Ordinary' Crime

128

(4)

ii Non-jury Trials and Human Rights

132

(5)

B Alternative Protections for Jurors

137

(2)

C Concluding Comments on Non-jury Trials

139

(2)

V Threats to Witnesses

141

(17)

A Special Measures

141

(2)

B Previous Inconsistent Evidence

143

(5)

C Witness Protection Programmes

148

(4)

D Anonymous Witness Evidence

152

(6)

VI Conclusion

158

(2)

6 Punishing Organised Crime: The Post-Conviction Stage of the Criminal Process

160

(41)

I Introduction

160

(1)

II General Principles of Sentencing

161

(1)

III Sentencing Organised Crimes

162

(14)

A Aggravating Factors in Sentencing

172

(1)

B Concluding Remarks

173

(3)

IV Reduction of Sentences in Return for Assistance

176

(4)

V Confiscation of Property upon Conviction

180

(14)

A Restraint Orders

181

(2)

B Confiscation Orders

183

(5)

C Forfeiture Orders

188

(1)

D Challenges to Confiscation

188

(4)

E Effectiveness of Confiscation

192

(2)

VI Further Ancillary Orders

194

(5)

VII Conclusion

199

(2)

7 Beyond the Criminal Realm: Civil Asset Recovery

201

(28)

I Introduction

201

(1)

II The Irish Prototype

202

(2)

III The Proceeds of Crime Acts

204

(7)

IV Interaction between Confiscation and Recovery Powers

211

(1)

V Challenges to Civil Recovery

212

(9)

A Retrospective Punishment

212

(1)

B The Right to Private Property

213

(1)

C The Nature of the Process

214

(7)

VI Success of the Civil Process

221

(3)

VII Further Civil Orders

224

(2)

VIII Conclusion

226

(3)

8 Revenue Matters: Taxing Organised Crime

229

(11)

I Introduction

229

(1)

II Taxing the Profits of Illegal Acts

230

(4)

III Appeals against Tax Assessments

234

(1)

IV Challenges to Revenue Powers

235

(2)

V Interplay between Civil Recovery and Revenue Powers

237

(1)

VI Conclusion

238

(2)

9 Conclusion

240

(9)

I Introduction

240

(1)

II Explaining the Dominant Narrative

240

(2)

III Recalibrating the Criminal Justice Process

242

(2)

IV Key National Differences

244

(2)

V Concluding Remarks

246

(3)

Index

249

Liz Campbell is Senior Lecturer at the School of Law, University of Edinburgh. This project was supported by the Fulbright Commission.

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