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E-raamat: Petroleum Refining Design and Applications Handboo k: Rules of Thumb, Process Planning, Scheduling, a nd Flowsheet Design, Process Piping Design, Pumps,: Rules of Thumb, Process Planning, Scheduling, and Flowsheet Design, Process Piping Design, Pumps, Compressors, and Process Safety Incidents Volume 2 [Wiley Online]

(University of Wolverhampton, UK)
  • Formaat: 1056 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Scrivener
  • ISBN-10: 1119476461
  • ISBN-13: 9781119476467
  • Wiley Online
  • Hind: 327,71 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Formaat: 1056 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Apr-2021
  • Kirjastus: Wiley-Scrivener
  • ISBN-10: 1119476461
  • ISBN-13: 9781119476467

A must-read for any practicing engineer or student in this area

There is a renaissance that is occurring in chemical and process engineering, and it is crucial for today's scientists, engineers, technicians, and operators to stay current. This book offers the most up-to-date and comprehensive coverage of the most significant and recent changes to petroleum refining, presenting the state-of-the-art to the engineer, scientist, or student. Useful as a textbook, this is also an excellent, handy go-to reference for the veteran engineer, a volume no chemical or process engineering library should be without.

Preface xv
Acknowledgements xvii
13 Rules of Thumb Summary
1(18)
13.0 Introduction
1(18)
14 Process Planning, Scheduling, and Flowsheet Design
19(46)
14.1 Introduction
19(1)
14.2 Organizational Structure
20(3)
14.2.1 Process Design Scope
21(2)
14.3 Role of the Process Design Engineer
23(1)
14.4 Computer-Aided Flowsheeting
24(2)
14.5 Flowsheets Types
26(10)
14.5.1 Block Diagram
26(1)
14.5.2 Process Flowsheet or Flow Diagram
26(1)
14.5.3 Piping Flowsheet or Mechanical Flow Diagram, or Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)
27(5)
14.5.4 Combined Process and Piping Flowsheet or Diagram
32(1)
14.5.5 Utility Flowsheets or Diagrams (ULDs)
32(4)
14.5.6 Special Flowsheets or Diagrams
36(1)
14.5.7 Special or Supplemental Aids
36(1)
14.6 Flowsheet Presentation
36(1)
14.7 General Arrangements Guide
36(2)
14.8 Computer-Aided Flowsheet Design/Drafting
38(2)
14.9 Flowsheet Symbols
40(3)
14.10 Line Symbols and Designations
43(3)
14.11 Materials of Construction for Lines
46(1)
14.12 Test Pressure for Lines
47(9)
14.13 Working Schedules
56(5)
14.14 Information Checklists
61(2)
14.15 Basic Engineering and Front End Engineering Design (FEED)
63(1)
References
64(1)
15 Fluid Flow
65(266)
15.1 Introduction
65(1)
15.2 Flow of Fluids in Pipes
65(5)
15.3 Scope
70(2)
15.4 Basis
72(1)
15.5 Incompressible Flow
72(1)
15.6 Compressible Flow: Vapors and Gases
73(2)
15.7 Important Pressure Level References
75(1)
15.8 Factors of "Safety" for Design Basis
75(1)
15.9 Pipe, Fittings, and Valves
75(1)
15.10 Pipe
75(3)
15.11 Total Line Pressure Drop
78(5)
15.11.1 Relationship Between the Pipe Diameter and Pressure Drop (AP)
80(2)
15.11.2 Economic Balance in Piping and Optimum Pipe Diameter
82(1)
15.12 Reynolds Number, Re (Sometimes Used NRe)
83(2)
15.13 Pipe Relative Roughness
85(1)
15.14 Darcy Friction Factor, f
85(9)
15.15 Friction Head Loss (Resistance) in Pipe, Fittings, and Connections
94(2)
15.15.1 Pressure Drop in Straight Pipe: Incompressible Fluid
94(2)
15.16 Oil System Piping
96(20)
15.16.1 Density and Specific Gravity
97(1)
15.16.2 Specific Gravity of Blended Products
98(1)
15.16.3 Viscosity
98(2)
15.16.4 Viscosity of Blended Products
100(1)
15.16.5 Blending Index, H
101(1)
15.16.6 Vapor Pressure
101(1)
15.16.7 Velocity
101(3)
15.16.8 Frictional Pressure Drop, ft of Liquid Head
104(1)
15.16.9 Hazen-Williams Equation
105(2)
15.16.10 Transmission Factor
107(5)
15.16.11 Miller Equation
112(1)
15.16.12 Shell-MIT Equation
113(3)
15.17 Pressure Drop in Fittings, Valves, and Connections
116(20)
15.17.1 Incompressible Fluid
116(1)
15.17.2 Velocity and Velocity Head
116(1)
15.17.3 Equivalent Lengths of Fittings
117(3)
15.17.4 L/D Values in Laminar Region
120(2)
15.17.5 Validity of K Values
122(1)
15.17.6 Laminar Flow
122(2)
15.17.7 Expressing All Pipe Sizes in Terms of One Diameter
124(4)
15.17.8 Loss Coefficient
128(6)
15.17.9 Sudden Enlargement or Contraction
134(1)
15.17.10 For Sudden Contractions
134(2)
15.17.11 Piping Systems
136(1)
15.18 Resistance of Valves
136(1)
15.19 Flow Coefficients for Valves, Cv
137(1)
15.20 Flow Meters
138(31)
15.20.1 Process Design of Orifice Meter
138(4)
15.20.2 Nozzles and Orifices
142(25)
Conclusion
167(2)
15.21 Estimation of Pressure Loss Across Control Valves
169(4)
15.22 The Direct Design of a Control Valve
173(1)
15.23 Water Hammer
173(2)
15.24 Friction Pressure Drop for Compressible Fluid Flow
175(38)
15.24.1 Compressible Fluid Flow in Pipes
176(1)
15.24.2 Maximum Flow and Pressure Drop
177(1)
15.24.3 Sonic Conditions Limiting Flow of Gases and Vapors
177(5)
15.24.4 The Mach Number, Ma
182(15)
15.24.5 Critical Pressure Ratio
197(3)
15.24.6 Adiabatic Flow
200(1)
15.24.7 The Expansion Factor, Y
201(2)
15.24.8 Misleading Rules of Thumb for Compressible Fluid Flow
203(1)
15.24.9 Other Simplified Compressible Flow Methods
204(1)
15.24.10 Friction Drop for Flow of Vapors, Gases and Steam
205(8)
15.25 Darcy Rational Relation for Compressible Vapors and Gases
213(2)
15.26 Velocity of Compressible Fluids in Pipe
215(13)
15.27 Procedure
228(3)
15.28 Friction Drop for Compressible Natural Gas in Long Pipe Lines
231(4)
15.29 Panhandle-A Gas Flow Formula
235(2)
15.30 Modified Panhandle Flow Formula
237(1)
15.31 American Gas Association (AGA) Dry Gas Method
237(1)
15.32 Complex Pipe Systems Handling Natural (or Similar) Gas
237(2)
15.33 Two-Phase Liquid and Gas Flow in Process Piping
239(56)
15.33.1 Flow Patterns
239(3)
15.33.2 Flow Regimes
242(1)
15.33.3 Pressure Drop
243(5)
15.33.4 Erosion-Corrosion
248(2)
15.33.5 Total System Pressure Drop
250(7)
15.33.6 Pipe Sizing Rules
257(4)
15.33.7 A Solution for All Two-Phase Problems
261(9)
15.33.8 Gas-Liquid Two-Phase Vertical Down Flow
270(7)
15.33.9 Pressure Drop in Vacuum Systems
277(2)
15.33.10 Low Absolute Pressure Systems for Air
279(2)
15.33.11 Vacuum for Other Gases and Vapors
281(3)
15.33.12 Pressure Drop for Flashing Liquids
284(2)
15.33.13 Sizing Condensate Return Lines
286(9)
15.34 UniSim Design PIPESYS
295(5)
15.35 Pipe Line Safety
300(1)
15.36 Mitigating Pipeline Hazards
301(1)
15.37 Examples of Safety Design Concerns
301(2)
15.38 Safety Incidents Related With Pipeworks and Materials of Construction
303(16)
15.39 Lessons Learned From Piping Designs
319(1)
15.40 Design of Safer Piping
320(4)
15.40.1 Best Practices for Process Piping
320(1)
15.40.2 Designing Liquid Piping
321(1)
15.40.3 Best Practices for Liquid Piping
322(2)
Nomenclature
324(2)
Greek Symbols
326(1)
Subscripts
327(1)
References
327(4)
16 Pumps
331(166)
16.1 Pumping of Liquids
331(5)
16.2 Pump Design Standardization
336(1)
16.3 Basic Parts of a Centrifugal Pump
336(5)
16.4 Centrifugal Pump Selection
341(18)
16.5 Hydraulic Characteristics for Centrifugal Pumps
359(8)
16.6 Suction Head or Suction Lift, hs
367(2)
16.7 Discharge Head, hd
369(1)
16.8 Velocity Head
369(1)
16.9 Friction
370(1)
16.10 Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH) and Pump Suction
370(8)
16.11 General Suction System
378(6)
16.12 Reductions in NPSHR
384(1)
16.13 Charting NPSHR Values of Pumps
384(2)
16.14 Net Positive Suction Head (NPSH)
386(2)
16.15 NPSH Requirement for Liquids Saturation With Dissolved Gases
388(2)
16.16 Specific Speed
390(4)
16.17 Rotative Speed
394(1)
16.18 Pumping Systems and Performance
395(4)
16.19 Power Requirements for Pumping Through Process Lines
399(6)
16.20 Affinity Laws
405(12)
16.21 Centrifugal Pump Efficiency
417(4)
16.22 Effects of Viscosity
421(15)
16.23 Temperature Rise and Minimum Flow
436(4)
16.24 Centrifugal Pump Specifications
440(1)
16.25 Number of Pumping Units
441(7)
16.26 Rotary Pumps
448(4)
16.27 Reciprocating Pumps
452(4)
16.28 Pump Selection
456(1)
16.29 Selection Rules-of-Thumb
456(3)
16.30 Case Studies
459(5)
16.31 Pump Cavitations
464(10)
16.32 Pump Fundamentals
474(1)
16.33 Operating Philosophy
475(10)
16.34 Piping
485(1)
16.35 Troubleshooting Checklist for Centrifugal Pumps
485(8)
Nomenclature
493(1)
Subscripts
494(1)
Greek Symbols
495(1)
References
495(2)
17 Compression Equipment
497(340)
17.1 Introduction
497(1)
17.2 General Application Guide
498(1)
17.3 Specification Guides
499(2)
17.4 General Considerations for Any Type of Compressor Flow Conditions
501(2)
17.4.1 Fluid Properties
501(1)
17.4.2 Compressibility
502(1)
17.4.3 Corrosive Nature
502(1)
17.4.4 Moisture
502(1)
17.4.5 Special Conditions
502(1)
17.5 Reciprocating Compression
503(11)
17.6 Suction and Discharge Valves
514(9)
17.7 Specification Sheet
523(1)
17.8 Performance Considerations
524(33)
17.9 Compressor Performance Characteristics
557(37)
17.10 Hydrogen Use in the Refinery
594(235)
17.10.1 IsoTherming Technology for Kerosene, Vacuum Gas Oil, and Diesel Hydroprocessing
595(234)
Nomenclature
829(3)
Greek Symbols
832(1)
Subscripts
832(1)
References
833(4)
Glossary of Petroleum and Technical Terminology 837(92)
Appendix D 929(76)
Appendix E 1005(14)
Index 1019(6)
About the Author 1025
A. Kayode Coker PhD, is Engineering Consultant for AKC Technology, an Honorary Research Fellow at the University of Wolverhampton, U.K., a former Engineering Coordinator at Saudi Aramco Shell Refinery Company (SASREF) and Chairman of the department of Chemical Engineering Technology at Jubail Industrial College, Saudi Arabia. He has been a chartered chemical engineer for more than 30 years. He is a Fellow of the Institution of Chemical Engineers, U.K. (C. Eng., FIChemE), and a senior member of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers (AIChE).  He holds a B.Sc. honors degree in Chemical Engineering, a Master of Science degree in Process Analysis and Development and Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering, all from Aston University, Birmingham, U.K., and a Teacher's Certificate in Education at the University of London, U.K. He has directed and conducted short courses extensively throughout the world and has been a lecturer at the university level. His articles have been published in several international journals. He is an author of six books in chemical engineering, a contributor to the Encyclopedia of Chemical Processing and Design, Vol 61 and a certified train the mentor trainer. A Technical Report Assessor and Interviewer for chartered chemical engineers (IChemE) in the U.K. He is a member of the International Biographical Centre in Cambridge, U.K. (IBC) as Leading Engineers of the World for 2008. Also, he is a member of International Who's Who of ProfessionalsTM and Madison Who's Who in the U.S.