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E-raamat: Research and Perspectives on Processing Instruction [De Gruyter e-raamatud]

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This volume tracks the impact Processing Instruction has made since its conception. The authors explain Processing Instruction, both its main theoretical underpinnings as well as the guidelines for developing structured input practices. They review the empirical research conducted to date, so that readers have an overview of new research carried out on the effects of Processing Instruction. The work concludes with reflections on the generalizability and limits of the research on Processing Instruction and offers future directions for Processing Instruction research.
 

Language acquisition is a human endeavor par excellence. As children, all human beings learn to understand and speak at least one language: their mother tongue. It is a process that seems to take place without any obvious effort. Second language learning, particularly among adults, causes more difficulty. The purpose of this series is to compile a collection of high-quality monographs on language acquisition. The series serves the needs of everyone who wants to know more about the problem of language acquisition in general and/or about language acquisition in specific contexts.



Language acquisition is a human endeavor par excellence. As children, all human beings learn to understand and speak at least one language: their mother tongue. It is a process that seems to take place without any obvious effort. Second language learning, particularly among adults, causes more difficulty. The purpose of this series is to compile a collection of high-quality monographs on language acquisition. The series serves the needs of everyone who wants to know more about the problem of language acquisition in general and/or about language acquisition in specific contexts.

Introduction xiii
Chapter 1: The theory of input processing underlying Processing Instruction 1
Introduction: Working with input
1
What is the current version of VanPatten's theory of Input Processing?
3
How have VanPatten's processing principles evolved?
6
How do the principles work?
7
In what ways is the theory lacking?
24
Conclusion
25
Appendix: tables
27
Chapter 2: What makes Processing Instruction effective? 36
Introduction
36
What is Processing Instruction?
37
What are the main components of Processing Instruction?
39
How do you develop structured input activities keeping psycholinguistics principles in mind?
46
What are the effects of structured input activities?
55
Summary
62
Appendix: tables
63
Chapter 3: How does Processing Instruction compare to other types of instruction? 68
Introduction
68
What is the role of grammar instruction?
69
What types of grammar teaching have been suggested?
71
What are the main findings of studies comparing Processing Instruction and traditional instruction?
77
What are the main findings of studies comparing Processing Instruction and meaning output-based instruction?
81
What are the main findings of studies comparing Processing Instruction and other grammar-instruction approaches?
86
Conclusion
88
Appendix: tables
91
Chapter 4: Can Processing Instruction be delivered effectively online as well as in classrooms? 100
Is online delivery of Processing Instruction an effective means of delivering Processing Instruction?
100
How does the online delivery of Processing Instruction compare to the online delivery of MOI?
104
Summary
107
Appendix: tables
109
Chapter 5: Can you increase the positive effects of Structured Input on language development by enhancing it aurally and/or textually? 113
Will enhanced and unenhanced structured input help learners process non-meaningful and redundant forms?
115
Can enhanced Structured Input help push learners to process a meaningful form over a lexical item?
119
Will enhanced and unenhanced structured input help direct learners' attention to meaningful morphology in sentence-final position?
120
Summary
122
Appendix: tables
124
Chapter 6: What are the transfer-of-training effects for Processing Instruction? 127
Does training on Processing Instruction on a processing problem aid the acquisition of a different form affected by the same processing problem?
128
What are the transfer-of-training effects and cumulative effects of processing instruction?
133
Conclusion
136
Appendix: tables
137
Chapter 7: Are the effects of Processing Instruction durative (short-term) and longitudinal (long-term)? 143
Are the effects of Processing Instruction durative in the short-term?
144
Are there longer term effects for Processing Instruction?
149
Conclusion
151
Appendix: tables
152
Chapter 8: How have the effects of Processing Instruction been measured? 174
What are the effects of Processing Instruction on discourse-level production tasks?
175
What are the effects of processing instruction discourse-level interpretation tasks?
178
Appendix: tables
181
Chapter 9: Conclusion: What does the research on Processing Instruction tell us? 184
Final comments
191
References 195
Author index 211
Subject index 213
James F. Lee, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia; Alessandro G. Benati, University of Portsmouth, UK.