| Foreword |
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xv | |
| Preface |
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xvii | |
| Contributors |
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xix | |
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1 Silver Alkyls, Alkenyls, Aryls, and Alkynyls in Organic Synthesis |
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1 | (42) |
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2 | (1) |
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2 | (8) |
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1.2.1 Synthesis, Stability, and Reactivity of Alkylsilver Compounds |
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2 | (5) |
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1.2.2 Synthesis and Stability of Perfluoroalkylsilver Compounds |
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7 | (2) |
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1.2.3 Reactivity of Perfluoroalkylsilver Compounds |
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9 | (1) |
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10 | (8) |
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1.3.1 Synthesis and Stability of Arylsilver Compounds |
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10 | (1) |
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1.3.2 Reactivity of Arylsilver Compounds |
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11 | (1) |
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1.3.3 Synthesis and Stability of Perfluoroarylsilver Compounds |
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12 | (1) |
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1.3.4 Reactivity of Perfluoroarylsilver Compounds |
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13 | (1) |
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1.3.5 Synthesis, Stability, and Reactivity of Alkenylsilver Compounds |
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13 | (2) |
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1.3.6 Synthesis and Reactivity of Allenylsilver Compounds |
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15 | (1) |
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1.3.7 Synthesis of Perfluoroalkenylsilver Compounds |
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16 | (1) |
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1.3.8 Reactivity of Perfluoroalkenylsilver Compounds |
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17 | (1) |
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1.3.9 Synthesis and Reactivity of Silver-Substituted Diazomethyl Compounds |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (18) |
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1.4.1 Synthesis of Silver Acetylides |
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19 | (1) |
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1.4.2 Reactivity of Silver Acetylides |
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20 | (1) |
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1.4.2.1 Addition to Activated Carbonyls and Iminium Ions |
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20 | (4) |
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1.4.2.2 Nucleophilic Substitution of Activated Heteroaromatics |
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24 | (1) |
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1.4.2.3 Reaction with Alkyl Halides |
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25 | (2) |
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1.4.2.4 Coupling Reactions |
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27 | (3) |
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1.4.2.5 Reactions with Non-carbon Electrophiles |
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30 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (4) |
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36 | (7) |
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37 | (6) |
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2 Cycloaddition Reactions |
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43 | (40) |
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44 | (1) |
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2.2 [ 2+2] Cycloadditions |
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44 | (2) |
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2.3 [ 3+2] Cycloadditions |
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46 | (27) |
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2.3.1 [ 3+2] Cycloadditions of Azomethine Ylides |
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47 | (1) |
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2.3.1.1 Discovery and Development of the Silver-Catalyzed [ 3+2] Cycloaddition of Azomethine Ylides |
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47 | (3) |
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2.3.1.2 Auxiliary-Based Asymmetric [ 3+2] Cycloadditions |
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50 | (8) |
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2.3.1.3 Catalytic Asymmetric [ 3+2] Cycloadditions |
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58 | (8) |
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2.3.1.4 Selected Applications and Extensions of Azomethine [ 3+2] Cycloadditions |
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66 | (5) |
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2.3.2 Other [ 3+2] Cycloadditions |
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71 | (2) |
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2.4 [ 3+3] Cycloadditions |
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73 | (1) |
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2.5 [ 4+2] Cycloadditions |
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74 | (4) |
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78 | (5) |
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79 | (4) |
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3 Sigmatropic Rearrangements and Related Processes Promoted by Silver |
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83 | (34) |
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84 | (1) |
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3.2 Wolff and Arndt-Eistert Rearrangements and Related Reactions |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (9) |
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86 | (2) |
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3.3.2 Cyclopropane Derivatives |
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88 | (4) |
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92 | (1) |
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3.3.4 Halogenocyclopropane Derivatives |
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93 | (2) |
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3.4 [ 3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements |
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95 | (12) |
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3.4.1 With Acyl as Migrating Groups |
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95 | (3) |
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3.4.2 With Vinyl as Migrating Groups |
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98 | (3) |
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3.4.3 With Migrating Groups Analogous to Acyl |
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101 | (1) |
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3.4.4 [ 3,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangement and Cyclization Cascades |
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102 | (5) |
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3.5 [ 2,3]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements |
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107 | (1) |
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3.6 [ 1,2]-Sigmatropic Rearrangements |
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108 | (5) |
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3.6.1 1,2-Aryl or Alkenyl Migration |
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108 | (2) |
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3.6.2 1,2-Alkyl Migration |
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110 | (1) |
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3.6.3 1,2- or 1,5-Alkyl Migration |
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110 | (1) |
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3.6.4 1,2 versus 3,3 Migrations |
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111 | (2) |
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113 | (1) |
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113 | (4) |
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114 | (3) |
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4 Silver(I)-Mediated Electrocyclic Processes |
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117 | (26) |
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117 | (4) |
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4.1.1 Ring-Opening Reactions of Halocyclopropanes |
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118 | (2) |
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4.1.2 Silver(I)-Assisted Ring-Opening Reactions |
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120 | (1) |
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4.2 Nucleophilic Trapping of Cationic Intermediates |
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121 | (11) |
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4.2.1 Solvolysis Reactions |
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121 | (3) |
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4.2.2 Intramolecular Trapping with Heteronucleophiles |
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124 | (3) |
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4.2.3 Diastereoselective Reactions |
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127 | (2) |
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4.2.4 Carbon-Carbon Bond Formation |
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129 | (3) |
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4.3 The Silver(I)-Promoted Nazarov Reaction |
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132 | (7) |
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4.3.1 Development and Initial Findings |
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133 | (2) |
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4.3.2 Interrupted Nazarov Reactions |
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135 | (4) |
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139 | (4) |
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139 | (4) |
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5 Silver-Catalyzed Cycloisomerization Reactions |
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143 | (24) |
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143 | (1) |
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5.2 Cycloisomerization of C=O onto C=C=C |
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144 | (4) |
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5.3 Cycloisomerization of C=O onto C≡C |
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148 | (4) |
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5.4 Cycloisomerization of C=N onto C=C=C |
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152 | (1) |
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5.5 Cycloisomerization of C=N onto C≡C |
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153 | (4) |
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5.6 Ene---Yne Cycloisomerization: C=C onto C≡C |
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157 | (3) |
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5.7 Other Transformations |
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160 | (2) |
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162 | (5) |
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162 | (5) |
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6 Silver-Catalyzed Nitrene Transfer Reactions |
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167 | (16) |
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167 | (2) |
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169 | (3) |
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6.2.1 Chloramine-T as Nitrene Precursor |
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169 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Iminoiodanes as Nitrene Precursors |
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169 | (3) |
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6.2.3 Heterogenous Silver Catalysis |
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172 | (1) |
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6.3 Sulfide and Sulfoxide Imination |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (7) |
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6.4.1 Intramolecular Amidation |
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173 | (1) |
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6.4.2 Intermolecular Amination with Phenanthroline Ligands |
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174 | (3) |
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6.4.3 Intermolecular Amination Based on Pyrazolylborate Ligands |
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177 | (3) |
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180 | (3) |
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180 | (3) |
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7 Silver-Catalyzed Silylene Transfer |
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183 | (46) |
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183 | (1) |
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7.2 Reactivity and Attributes of Metal Silylenoids and Silylmetal Complexes |
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184 | (6) |
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7.2.1 Synthesis of Transition Metal Complexes of Silylenes |
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184 | (3) |
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7.2.2 Reactivity of Transition Metal Silylenoids |
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187 | (1) |
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7.2.3 Transition Metal Silylenoid Complex-Catalyzed Hydrosilation Reactions |
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187 | (2) |
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7.2.4 Transition Metal Silylenoid-Catalyzed Atom Transfer Reactions |
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189 | (1) |
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7.3 Silacyclopropanes as Important Synthetic Intermediates |
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190 | (2) |
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7.4 Silver-Mediated Transfer of Di-tert-Butylsilylene to Olefins |
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192 | (8) |
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7.5 Silver-Mediated Transfer of Di-tert-Butylsilylene to Acetylenes |
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200 | (7) |
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7.6 Silver-Mediated Transfer of Di-tert-Butylsilylene to Carbonyl Compounds |
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207 | (7) |
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7.7 Silver-Mediated Transfer of Di-tert-Butylsilylene to Imines |
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214 | (5) |
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7.8 Silver-Mediated Di-tert-Butylsilylene Insertion into C-O Bonds |
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219 | (2) |
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221 | (8) |
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222 | (7) |
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229 | (30) |
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229 | (1) |
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230 | (2) |
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8.3 Carbene Transfer Reactions to π Bonds |
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232 | (2) |
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232 | (1) |
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233 | (1) |
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8.4 Formation and Reactions of Ylides |
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234 | (8) |
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8.4.1 C-Hal Addition-Rearrangement |
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234 | (7) |
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8.4.2 C-S Addition-Rearrangement |
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241 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (7) |
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8.7 Ring Expansion Reactions |
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250 | (1) |
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8.8 Intermediacy of Silver Carbenes |
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250 | (3) |
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8.9 Miscellaneous Reactions Involving Silver Carbenoids |
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253 | (1) |
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254 | (5) |
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255 | (1) |
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255 | (4) |
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9 Aldol and Related Processes |
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259 | (26) |
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259 | (1) |
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9.2 Allylation Reaction Using Allyltributyltin |
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260 | (4) |
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9.3 Allylation Reaction Using Allylsilanes |
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264 | (4) |
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9.4 Aldol Reaction Using Tin Enolates |
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268 | (3) |
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9.5 Aldol Reaction Using Silyl Enol Ethers |
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271 | (5) |
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276 | (1) |
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9.7 Nitrosoaldol Reaction |
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277 | (4) |
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9.8 Aldol Reaction with Azodicarboxylate |
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281 | (1) |
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281 | (4) |
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282 | (3) |
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10 Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver |
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285 | (44) |
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286 | (1) |
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10.2 sp3-sp3 Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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286 | (3) |
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10.3 sp3-sp2 Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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289 | (1) |
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10.4 sp3-sp Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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290 | (1) |
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10.5 sp2-sp2 Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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291 | (19) |
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10.5.1 Homocoupling of Vinyl- or Arylsilver Species |
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292 | (1) |
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10.5.2 Organosilver Species as Nucleophilic Reagents |
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293 | (1) |
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10.5.3 Silver as a Lewis Acid Reagent |
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294 | (3) |
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10.5.4 Silver as a Halogen Scavenger |
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297 | (1) |
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10.5.4.1 Silver in Pd-Catalyzed Couplings |
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298 | (8) |
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10.5.4.2 Silver in PdII-Promoted Electrophilic Substitution of Arenes (C-H Activation) |
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306 | (3) |
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10.5.4.3 Silver as Reagent for Decarboxylative Coupling |
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309 | (1) |
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10.6 sp2-sp Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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310 | (12) |
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10.6.1 Organosilver Species as Nucleophilic Reagents |
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311 | (3) |
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10.6.2 Organosilver Species in Transmetallations |
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314 | (1) |
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10.6.3 Silver as a Lewis Acid Reagent |
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315 | (1) |
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10.6.4 Organosilver Species as Intermediates in Catalyzed Enyne or Arylyne Synthesis |
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316 | (6) |
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10.7 sp-sp Coupling Reactions Promoted by Silver Salts |
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322 | (1) |
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323 | (6) |
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324 | (5) |
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11 Supramolecular Chemistry of Silver |
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329 | (28) |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (7) |
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337 | (2) |
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11.4 Polycatenanes with Silver(I) |
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339 | (3) |
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11.5 Polyrotaxanes with Silver(I) |
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342 | (3) |
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11.6 Silver(I) Coordination Polymers with Specific Topology |
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345 | (5) |
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350 | (7) |
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352 | (1) |
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352 | (5) |
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12 A Critical Comparison: Copper, Silver, and Gold |
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357 | (24) |
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358 | (1) |
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12.2 Reactions Catalyzed by Copper, Silver, or Gold |
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358 | (10) |
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12.2.1 Aldehyde-Alkyne-Amine Coupling |
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358 | (2) |
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12.2.2 Carbene Insertion Reactions |
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360 | (1) |
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12.2.3 In Silico Comparison of Organocopper(I), Organosilver(I), and Organogold(I) -Ate Compounds |
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361 | (1) |
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12.2.4 Cyclization of ortho-alkynylbenzaldehydes |
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362 | (1) |
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12.2.5 Allenyl Ketones: The Cycloisomerization to Furans |
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362 | (2) |
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12.2.6 A Thiol in the Substrate: The Cyclization of α-Thioallenes |
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364 | (1) |
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12.2.7 Furans by Propargyl Claisen Reaction |
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365 | (1) |
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12.2.8 Tandem Cyclization/Pinacol Rearrangement |
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366 | (1) |
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12.2.9 Furanones by Domino Heterocyclization/1,2 Shift |
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366 | (2) |
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12.2.10 Conia-ene Reaction |
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368 | (1) |
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12.3 Reactions Catalyzed by Silver or Gold |
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368 | (6) |
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12.3.1 Cyclization of N-Propargylcarboxamides |
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368 | (1) |
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12.3.2 Dake's Pyrrole Synthesis |
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369 | (1) |
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12.3.3 Combination with Organocatalysis |
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369 | (1) |
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12.3.4 Vinylallenes Deliver Cyclopentadienes |
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370 | (1) |
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12.3.5 α-Pyrones by a Cascade Reaction |
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371 | (1) |
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12.3.6 Dihydrofurans from Propargyl Esters |
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371 | (1) |
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12.3.7 Methylene Butyrolactones by Addition of Carboxylates to Alkynes |
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372 | (1) |
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12.3.8 Hydroarylation of Allenes |
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373 | (1) |
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12.3.9 Different Products by Silver and Gold Catalysts |
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373 | (1) |
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12.3.9.1 The Epoxide-Alkyne Reaction |
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373 | (1) |
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12.3.9.2 The Carbonyl-Alkyne Reaction |
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374 | (1) |
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12.4 Reactions Catalyzed by Copper or Silver |
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374 | (2) |
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374 | (1) |
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12.4.2 Pyrroles by Hydroamination |
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374 | (1) |
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12.4.3 Copper/Silver Cocatalysis |
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375 | (1) |
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375 | (1) |
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376 | (5) |
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376 | (5) |
| Index |
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381 | |