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Theory of Graded Consequence: A General Framework for Logics of Uncertainty 2019 ed. [Paperback / softback]

  • Format: Paperback / softback, 224 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, 16 Illustrations, black and white; XIII, 224 p. 16 illus., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Series: Logic in Asia: Studia Logica Library
  • Pub. Date: 14-Aug-2020
  • Publisher: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 981138987X
  • ISBN-13: 9789811389870
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  • Format: Paperback / softback, 224 pages, height x width: 235x155 mm, weight: 454 g, 16 Illustrations, black and white; XIII, 224 p. 16 illus., 1 Paperback / softback
  • Series: Logic in Asia: Studia Logica Library
  • Pub. Date: 14-Aug-2020
  • Publisher: Springer Verlag, Singapore
  • ISBN-10: 981138987X
  • ISBN-13: 9789811389870
Other books in subject:
This book introduces the theory of graded consequence (GCT) and its mathematical formulation. It also compares the notion of graded consequence with other notions of consequence in fuzzy logics, and discusses possible applications of the theory in approximate reasoning and decision-support systems. One of the main points where this book emphasizes on is that GCT maintains the distinction between the three different levels of languages of a logic, namely object language, metalanguage and metametalanguage, and thus avoids the problem of violation of the principle of use and mention; it also shows, gathering evidences from existing fuzzy logics, that the problem of category mistake may arise as a result of not maintaining distinction between levels.
1 Introduction
1(18)
1.1 Three Levels Inherent in a Logic Discourse
1(4)
1.2 From Many-Valued Logics, Fuzzy Logics to Graded Consequence: A Brief Overview
5(2)
1.3 Different Shades of Imprecision
7(4)
1.4 Classical Consequence and Motivations for Lifting it to Many-Valuedness
11(4)
References
15(4)
2 Basics Of The Theory Of Graded Consequence
19(26)
2.1 Characterization of Graded Consequence Relation
19(3)
2.2 Semantic Consequence Relation Generalized
22(5)
2.3 A Generalization of Hilbert-Type Axiom System
27(9)
2.3.1 Graded Consequence by Fuzzy Axioms and Fuzzy Rules
28(3)
2.3.2 Soundness and Examples of Hilbert-Type Axiomatic Consequence in GCT
31(5)
2.4 Consistency, Inconsistency and Equivalence
36(2)
2.4.1 Consistency and Inconsistency
36(1)
2.4.2 Equivalence
37(1)
2.5 Level Cuts of a Graded Consequence Relation
38(3)
2.6 Appendix
41(2)
References
43(2)
3 Introducing Negation In The Object Language Of The Theory Of Graded Consequence
45(38)
3.1 Extending the Notion Graded Consequence Relation in the Presence of Negation
45(10)
3.2 Semantic Import of (GC4) and (GC5) on the Meta-structure
55(12)
3.3 GC Algebra and its Properties
67(10)
3.4 Possible Three-Valued and Four-Valued GC-Algebras
77(4)
References
81(2)
4 Proof Theoretic Rules In Graded Consequence: From Semantic Perspective
83(42)
4.1 General Scheme for Proof Theory in GCT
83(12)
4.2 Proof Theory of GCT: Links Between Object and Meta-level Algebras
95(17)
4.2.1 Implication in the Object Language
98(3)
4.2.2 Conjunction in the Object Language
101(2)
4.2.3 Disjunction in the Object Language
103(4)
4.2.4 Negation in the Object Language
107(5)
4.3 Examples of Logics with Graded Notion of Consequence
112(7)
4.3.1 Many-Valued Logics as a Special Case of GCT
114(5)
4.4 A Comparative Analysis
119(4)
References
123(2)
5 Meta-Logical Notions Generalized: Graded Consequence With Fuzzy Set Of Premises
125(28)
5.1 Consequence Operator and Consequence Relation in the Context of Fuzzy Logics
125(3)
5.1.1 Pavelka's Fuzzy Consequence Operator and Chakraborty's Graded Consequence Relation
126(2)
5.1.2 Fuzzy Consequence Relation: Castro et al.
128(1)
5.2 Meta-Logic of Graded Consequence with Fuzzy Premises
128(14)
5.2.1 Graded Inconsistency and Graded Consequence
133(4)
5.2.2 Graded Consistency
137(3)
5.2.3 Equivalence
140(2)
5.3 Implicative Consequence Operator and Consequence Relation
142(2)
5.4 Implicative Consequence Relation in the Light of Consistency-Generating Relation
144(6)
5.4.1 From the Notion of Consistency-Generating Relation to the Notion of Consistency
148(2)
References
150(3)
6 Graded Consequence And Consequence In Different Approaches To Fuzzy Logics
153(22)
6.1 Fuzzy Logic vis-a-vis Graded Consequence
153(10)
6.1.1 Notion of Proof in Pavelka's Fuzzy Logic
155(2)
6.1.2 The Expressed Meaning for Consequence: Goguen to Hajek
157(1)
6.1.3 Pavelka's Notion of Proof Refrained Maintaining Distinction of Levels of Logic
158(5)
6.2 Rewriting the Theory of Graded Consequence Maintaining Level Distinction
163(6)
6.3 A Brief Revisit to Hajek's Logic RPL From the Perspective of Distinction of Levels
169(3)
6.4 Lukasiewicz Fuzzy Propositional Logic
172(1)
References
173(2)
7 Graded Consequence In Decision-Making: A Few Applications
175(44)
7.1 GCT with Interval Semantics: Different Approaches Towards Aggregating Information
175(13)
7.1.1 Interval Mathematics: Some Basic Notions
177(1)
7.1.2 Graded Consequence: Form (27)
178(2)
7.1.3 Extension of C as a Lattice Order Relation on Intervals
180(1)
7.1.4 Graded Consequence: Form (Σ')
181(3)
7.1.5 Graded Consequence: Form (Σ")
184(4)
7.2 GCT in the Context of Logic Infomorphism: A Case for Decision-Making in a Distributed Network
188(23)
7.2.1 Barwise and Seligman's Logic for Distributed System
190(5)
7.2.2 Paraconsistent Set
195(1)
7.2.3 Graded Consequence: Logic for Distributed System
196(15)
7.3 Sorites Paradox in the Light of GCT
211(5)
7.3.1 Different Approaches Towards Sorites Paradox
212(2)
7.3.2 Approach to Sorites Paradox in the Context of GCT
214(2)
References
216(3)
Index 219