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E-raamat: Trees, Crops and Soil Fertility: Concepts and Research Methods [CABI e-raamatud]

Edited by (School of Agricultural and Forest Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, UK), Edited by (National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Brazil)
  • Formaat: 448 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Nov-2002
  • Kirjastus: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-13: 9780851995939
  • CABI e-raamatud
  • Hind: 96,00 €*
  • * hind, mis tagab piiramatu üheaegsete kasutajate arvuga ligipääsu piiramatuks ajaks
  • Formaat: 448 pages
  • Ilmumisaeg: 01-Nov-2002
  • Kirjastus: CABI Publishing
  • ISBN-13: 9780851995939
This book provides a review of both economic and biophysical aspects of soil use and research in agroforestry, with an emphasis on nutrient-poor forest and savanna soils. It combines overviews of research results and a review of methods used in research, covering topics such as the economics of soil fertility management, nutrients and organic matter, soil structures, and soil biological processes. Schroth is affiliated with the National Institute for Research in the Amazon, Brazil. Sinclair is affiliated with the University of Wales, UK. The book is distributed by Oxford University Press. Annotation (c) Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

Successful agroforestry requires an understanding of the complex relationship between trees, crops and soils. This book provides a review of both social and biophysical aspects of soil use and research in agroforestry in the tropics, with an emphasis on nutrient-poor forest and savanna soils. Key topics covered include decomposition, nutrient cycling and leaching, soil structure, and soil biological processes. The book combines theory and a review of methods used in research.
Contributors ix
Foreword xi
M. Swift
1. Impacts of Trees on the Fertility of Agricultural Soils 1(12)
G. Schroth and F.L. Sinclair
1.1 Trees and the Development of Agriculture
1(8)
1.2 Objectives and Structure of the Book
9(4)
2. Economic Aspects of Soil Fertility Management and Agroforestry Practices 13(26)
A.-M.N. Izac
2.1 Introduction
13(1)
2.2 Factors Influencing Farmers' Decisions About Soil Fertility Management Practices
14(4)
2.3 Hierarchy of Agricultural Systems as a Background to the Understanding of Farmers' Constraints
18(14)
2.4 Anatomy of a Decision at the Farm Scale and Economic Methods for Understanding such Decisions
32(7)
2.5 Landscape and Global Scales: Soil Fertility and Agroforestry Trees as Part of Natural Capital
39(1)
3. Designing Experiments and Analysing Data
R. Coe, B. Huwe and G. Schroth
3.1 Synopsis
39(1)
3.2 Experimental Objectives, Treatments and Layout
40(8)
3.3 Fallow Experiments
48(4)
3.4 Measurements and Sampling Designs
52(9)
3.5 Analysing the Data
61(6)
3.6 Spatial Structure and Its Analysis
67(10)
4. Soil Organic Matter 77(16)
G. Schroth, B. Vanlauwe and J. Lehmann
4.1 Synopsis
77(9)
4.2 Methods for Total Soil Organic Carbon
86(1)
4.3 Physical Fractionation Methods
86(2)
4.4 Chemical Methods
88(1)
4.5 Biological Methods
89(4)
5. Soil Nutrient Availability and Acidity 93(38)
G. Schroth, J. Lehmann and E. Barrios
5.1 Synopsis
93(11)
5.2 Methods for Soil Nitrogen
104(8)
5.3 Methods for Soil Phosphorus
112(9)
5.4 Methods for Soil Sulphur
121(4)
5.5 Methods for Potassium, Calcium and Magnesium in Soil
125(2)
5.6 Methods for Soil Acidity
127(4)
6. Decomposition and Nutrient Supply from Biomass 131(20)
G. Schroth
6.1 Synopsis
131(9)
6.2 Methods for Biomass and Nutrient Input with Litter
140(3)
6.3 Methods for Decomposition and Nutrient Release from Biomass
143(5)
6.4 Measures of Resource Quality
148(3)
7. Nutrient Leaching 151(16)
J. Lehmann and G. Schroth
7.1 Synopsis
151(7)
7.2 Methods for Soil Solution Composition
158(5)
7.3 Tracer Methods for Nutrient Leaching
163(2)
7.4 Dyes as Tracers for Preferential Flow Paths
165(2)
8. Nutrient Capture 167(14)
G. Schroth and J. Lehmann
8.1 Synopsis
167(7)
8.2 Tracer Methods for Nutrient Uptake
174(7)
9. Nutrient Exchange with the Atmosphere 181(10)
G. Schroth and J. Burkhardt
9.1 Synopsis
181(4)
9.2 Methods for Atmospheric Nutrient Inputs
185(3)
9.3 Methods for Nutrient Losses from Burning
188(3)
10. Soil Structure 191(18)
M. Grimaldi, G. Schroth, W.G. Teixeira and B. Hume
10.1 Synopsis
191(4)
10.2 Methods for Soil Bulk Density
195(1)
10.3 Methods for Aggregate Stability
196(2)
10.4 Methods for Soil Porosity and Pore Size Distribution
198(6)
10.5 Measuring the Role of Soil Organic Matter in Aggregate Stability
204(3)
10.6 Soil Micromorphology and Image Analysis
207(2)
11. Soil Water 209(26)
W.G. Teixeira, EL. Sinclair, B. Hume and G. Schroth
11.1 Synopsis
209(6)
11.2 Methods for Soil Water Content
215(6)
11.3 Methods for Soil Water Potential
221(4)
11.4 Methods for Soil Hydraulic Properties
225(7)
11.5 Estimating Topsoil and Subsoil Water Use with Stable Isotopes
232(3)
12. Root Systems 235(24)
G. Schroth
12.1 Synopsis
235(5)
12.2 Methods for Studying Root Distribution
240(5)
12.3 Distinction of Roots of Different Species
245(1)
12.4 Methods for Root Dynamics, Production and Turnover
246(13)
13. Biological Nitrogen Fixation 259(12)
K.E. Giller
13.1 Synopsis
259(6)
13.2 Microbiological Methods for Studying Rhizobia
265(1)
13.3 Simple Methods for Determining Whether a Legume is Fixing Nitrogen
265(1)
13.4 Isotope-based Methods for Measurement of Nitrogen Fixation
266(2)
13.5 Estimating Nitrogen Fixation in Field Settings
268(1)
13.6 Methods Based on Nitrogen Fixation Transport Products
269(1)
13.7 Estimating Total Amounts of Nitrogen Fixation
270(1)
14. Mycorrhizas 271(18)
D.L. Godbold and R. Sharrock
14.1 Synopsis
271(9)
14.2 Inoculation Methods
280(1)
14.3 Sampling of Plant Roots for Mycorrhizal Studies
281(1)
14.4 Quantification of Mycorrhizas
281(2)
14.5 Identification of Mycorrhizal Fungi
283(3)
14.6 Estimation of Mineral Nutrient Uptake Through Mycorrhizas
286(3)
15. Rhizosphere Processes 289(14)
D. Jones
15.1 Synopsis
289(5)
15.2 Obtaining a Representative Sample of Rhizosphere Soil
294(3)
15.3 Methods for Rhizosphere Soil Chemistry
297(1)
15.4 Methods for Rhizosphere Biological Activity
298(2)
15.5 Quantification of Root Carbon Loss into the Rhizosphere
300(1)
15.6 Rhizosphere Mathematical Modelling
300(3)
16. Soil Macrofauna 303(22)
P Lavelle, B. Senapati and E. Barros
16.1 Synopsis
303(15)
16.2 Sampling of Macrofauna: the TSBF Methodology
318(2)
16.3 Other Sampling Methods
320(2)
16.4 Manipulative Experiments
322(3)
17. Soil Erosion 325(20)
M.A. McDonald, A. Lawrence and PK. Shrestha
17.1 Synopsis
325(11)
17.2 Quantitative Methods
336(5)
17.3 Qualitative Methods
341(4)
References 345(78)
Index 423