Preface |
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ix | |
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1 | (6) |
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1.1 Definition of the Tropics |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 What Makes the Tropics Different? |
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2 | (4) |
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6 | (1) |
Part 1 Physical Environment |
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7 | (80) |
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9 | (31) |
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9 | (2) |
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2.2 Tropical Winds and the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) |
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11 | (2) |
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2.3 Tropical Rainfall and Temperature Patterns |
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13 | (2) |
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15 | (6) |
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16 | (2) |
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2.4.2 The Indo-Australian Monsoon |
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18 | (1) |
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2.4.3 The African Monsoons |
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18 | (2) |
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2.4.4 The South American Monsoon |
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20 | (1) |
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2.5 Tropical Weather Systems |
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21 | (3) |
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2.6 The El Nino - Southern Oscillation (ENSO), the Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD), the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) |
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24 | (4) |
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2.7 Climate Change: Physical Aspects |
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28 | (8) |
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2.7.1 Rising Atmospheric CO2 |
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29 | (1) |
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2.7.2 Ocean Acidification |
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30 | (2) |
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2.7.3 Rising Temperatures, Increased Storms, Extreme Weather Events, and Changes in Precipitation |
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32 | (1) |
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2.7.4 Changes in Ocean Circulation |
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33 | (1) |
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2.7.5 Sea-Level Rise (SLR) |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (4) |
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3 Tropical Marine Hydrosphere |
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40 | (22) |
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40 | (1) |
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3.2 Large-Scale Circulation Patterns |
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40 | (4) |
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44 | (3) |
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3.4 Estuarine Circulation |
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47 | (5) |
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3.5 Coral Reef Hydrodynamics |
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52 | (2) |
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3.6 Fluid Mechanics in Seagrass Meadows |
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54 | (2) |
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56 | (1) |
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57 | (5) |
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4 Tropical Marine Geosphere |
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62 | (25) |
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4.1 Major Sedimentary Patterns |
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62 | (4) |
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4.2 Distribution of Major Habitat Types |
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66 | (8) |
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74 | (1) |
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4.4 Tropical River Loads, Plumes, and Shelf Margins |
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75 | (9) |
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84 | (3) |
Part 2 Structure |
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87 | (150) |
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5 Biogeography and Origins |
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89 | (20) |
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5.1 Tropical Biogeography |
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89 | (4) |
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93 | (4) |
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97 | (5) |
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5.4 Marine Ecoregions and Provinces |
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102 | (1) |
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5.5 The Latitudinal Diversity Gradient |
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102 | (4) |
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106 | (3) |
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6 Populations and Communities |
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109 | (66) |
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109 | (1) |
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6.2 Density Independence, Density Dependence, and Intraspecific Competition |
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110 | (4) |
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6.3 Populations with Age Structure |
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114 | (3) |
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117 | (3) |
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6.5 Interspecific Competition |
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120 | (10) |
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130 | (5) |
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135 | (1) |
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136 | (2) |
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138 | (12) |
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6.10 Plant-Herbivore Interactions |
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150 | (5) |
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155 | (3) |
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6.12 Facilitation Cascades |
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158 | (3) |
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161 | (14) |
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175 | (62) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (3) |
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7.3 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats |
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178 | (8) |
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186 | (4) |
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190 | (6) |
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196 | (5) |
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201 | (2) |
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203 | (13) |
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216 | (11) |
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227 | (10) |
Part 3 Function |
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237 | (250) |
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239 | (59) |
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239 | (1) |
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8.2 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats |
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240 | (1) |
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240 | (11) |
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251 | (9) |
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260 | (7) |
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8.6 Coastal Lagoons, Estuaries, and Tidal Waterways |
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267 | (6) |
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273 | (7) |
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280 | (5) |
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285 | (13) |
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298 | (33) |
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298 | (1) |
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9.2 Heterotrophic Bacterioplankton |
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298 | (3) |
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301 | (8) |
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309 | (8) |
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317 | (4) |
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321 | (10) |
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10 Food Webs and Carbon Fluxes |
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331 | (98) |
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331 | (2) |
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10.2 Sandy Beaches and Tidal Flats |
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333 | (7) |
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10.3 Rocky Intertidal Shores |
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340 | (3) |
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343 | (9) |
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352 | (13) |
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365 | (8) |
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10.7 Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons |
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373 | (14) |
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373 | (8) |
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381 | (6) |
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10.8 Coastal Bays and Continental Shelves |
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387 | (12) |
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387 | (3) |
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390 | (9) |
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399 | (10) |
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409 | (20) |
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11 Nutrient Biogeochemistry |
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429 | (58) |
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429 | (2) |
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11.2 Sandy Beaches, Tidal Flats, and Rocky Intertidal Shores |
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431 | (2) |
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433 | (4) |
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437 | (11) |
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437 | (9) |
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446 | (2) |
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448 | (12) |
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11.6 Estuaries and Coastal Lagoons |
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460 | (4) |
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11.7 Coastal Bays and Continental Shelves |
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464 | (6) |
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470 | (4) |
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474 | (13) |
Part 4 Human Impacts |
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487 | (172) |
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489 | (77) |
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489 | (1) |
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490 | (6) |
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496 | (11) |
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507 | (11) |
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12.5 Pesticides and Industrial Organic Chemicals |
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518 | (11) |
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12.6 Plastics and Other Marine Debris |
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529 | (9) |
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12.7 Biological Pollution |
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538 | (11) |
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12.7.1 Sewage and Microbial Diseases |
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538 | (8) |
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546 | (3) |
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549 | (17) |
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566 | (64) |
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566 | (1) |
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13.2 Rising Temperatures, Increased Storms, Extreme Weather Events, and Changes in Precipitation |
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567 | (13) |
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13.3 Sea-level Rise (SLR) |
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580 | (6) |
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13.4 Rising Atmospheric CO2 |
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586 | (2) |
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588 | (16) |
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604 | (3) |
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13.7 Impacts on Shelf and Oceanic Ecosystems and Fisheries |
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607 | (10) |
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617 | (13) |
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14 Habitat Destruction and Degradation |
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630 | (18) |
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630 | (1) |
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630 | (5) |
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635 | (3) |
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638 | (7) |
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645 | (3) |
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648 | (11) |
Index |
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659 | |