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E-raamat: Waterside Ape: An Alternative Account of Human Evolution [Taylor & Francis e-raamat]

  • Formaat: 250 pages, 50 Illustrations, color; 8 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jul-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780429032271
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  • Taylor & Francis e-raamat
  • Hind: 81,24 €*
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  • Tavahind: 116,05 €
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Waterside Ape: An Alternative Account of Human EvolutionSuurem pilt
  • Formaat: 250 pages, 50 Illustrations, color; 8 Illustrations, black and white
  • Ilmumisaeg: 29-Jul-2019
  • Kirjastus: CRC Press
  • ISBN-13: 9780429032271
Teised raamatud teemal:
Taylor & Francis e-raamatudRohkem infot Taylor & Francis e-raamatute kohta
Raamatu kodulehekülg: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/9780429032271
Why are humans so fond of water?

Why is our skin colour so variable?

Why arent we hairy like our close ape relatives?

A savannah scenario of human evolution has been widely accepted primarily due to fossil evidence; and fossils do not offer insight into these questions. Other alternative evolutionary scenarios might, but these models have been rejected. This book explores a controversial idea that human evolution was intimately associated with watery habitats as much or more than typical savannahs. Written from a medical point of view, the author presents evidence supporting a credible alternative explanation for how humans diverged from our primate ancestors. Anatomical and physiological evidence offer insight into hairlessness, different coloured skin, subcutaneous fat, large brains, a marine-type kidney, a unique heat regulation system and speech. This evidence suggests that humans may well have evolved, not just as savannah mammals, as is generally believed, but with more affinity for aquatic habitats rivers, streams, lakes and coasts.

Key Features:

Presents the evidence for a close association between riparian habitats and the origin of humans Reviews the "savannah ape" hypothesis for human origins Describes various anatomical adaptations that are associated with hypotheses of human evolution Explores characteristics from the head and neck such as skull and sinus structures, the larynx and ear structures and functions
Foreword xi
Acknowledgements xv
Author xvii
Introduction xix
Historical Timeline xxiii
1 Theories of Human Evolution
1(12)
Humanity's Place in Evolution
3(3)
The Savannah Theory
6(1)
The Waterside Theory
7(2)
The Cradle of Humankind and the Influence of Climatic Change
9(4)
2 The Aquatic Debate
13(10)
What Is the Evidence?
20(3)
3 Our Genetic Heritage
23(12)
Mendel and His Experiments
25(2)
Conditions of Existence
27(1)
The Late Miocene Drought
28(2)
The Great Rift Valley
30(5)
4 Our Early Ancestors
35(8)
Early Bipedal Hominins
35(1)
Australopithecus
36(2)
Human Populations in the Pleistocene Era
38(5)
Homo habilis
39(1)
Homo erect us
39(1)
Homo heidelbergensis
40(1)
Homo floresiensis
41(1)
Homo denisova
41(2)
5 The Neanderthals and Their Demise
43(8)
6 The Waterside Ape: Why Are We So Different?
51(10)
Bipedalism
53(1)
Nakedness
53(1)
Subcutaneous Fat
54(1)
Thermoregulation
55(3)
Big Brains
58(3)
7 The Naked Ape
61(12)
Structure and Function of the Skin
61(2)
Apocrine Glands
63(1)
Eccrine Glands
64(1)
Wrinkly Fingers
65(2)
Subcutaneous Fat
67(1)
Evolutionary Evidence for Changes in Mammalian Skin
68(5)
8 Why We Lost Our Coats: The Early Hominin Tailors
73(10)
Desmond Morris and Hominin's `Christening Ceremony'
75(2)
Skin Colour, Ultraviolet Irradiation and Cutaneous Cancer
77(4)
The Significance of Hominid's `Christening Ceremony'
81(2)
9 Evolutionary Adaptations in the Human Skull and Sinuses
83(12)
Evolution and Comparative Anatomy
89(1)
Maxillary Sinus
89(1)
Frontal and Sphenoidal Sinuses
90(1)
Ethmoid Sinuses
90(2)
Theories of Paranasal Sinus Function
92(3)
10 Human Skull Buoyancy and the Diving Reflex
95(8)
The Diving Reflex, Nitric Oxide and the Paranasal Sinuses
96(2)
The Nasal Valve
98(1)
The External Nose
99(1)
The Functional Role of the Nose and Sinuses in a Waterside
Habitat
100(3)
11 Surfer's Ear
103(12)
Ear Canal Bone Abnormalities
105(1)
Developmental Embryology of the Human External Ear Canal
105(3)
Evolutionary Adaptations to the Hearing Mechanism in Aquatic and Semiaquatic Mammals
108(2)
External Ear Canal Exostoses in Modern Populations
110(1)
External Ear Exostoses in Archaeological Populations
111(1)
Ear Exostoses as a Vital Fossil `Missing Link'
112(3)
12 Evolution of the Human Brain
115(8)
I Brain Structure
116(2)
Evolutionary Importance of Lipids
118(5)
13 Food for Thought and the Cognitive Revolution
123(12)
Fire, Food and Domestication
126(1)
Coastal Migration and Worldwide Dispersal
127(1)
The Cognitive Revolution
128(3)
Genetic Factors Contributing to Modern Brain Evolution
131(4)
14 The Human Larynx and Evolution of Voice
135(12)
The Upper Airway and Digestive Tracts
137(4)
Diving and Breath-Holding in Hominids
141(2)
Delayed Descent of the Human Larynx
143(1)
Evolutionary Changes in the Brain for Speech and Language
143(4)
15 Obstetric and Neonatal Considerations
147(8)
The Obstetric Dilemma
148(1)
Fontanelles and Skull Sutures
148(2)
Brain Size and Perinatal Considerations
150(1)
Lanugo and Fat Babies
151(1)
Vernix Caseosa
152(1)
Aquatic Adaptations of Human Babies
153(2)
16 Marine Adaptations in the Human Kidney
155(6)
The Great Rift Valley
155(3)
Hominid Kidney Adaptation to a Waterside Aquatic Habitat
158(3)
17 Scars of Evolution
161(14)
Mammalian Evolution
161(1)
Hominin Evolution
162(1)
Adaptations to Bipedalism
163(2)
Lumbar Disc and Sciatic Problems
165(2)
Vertigo, Neck Pain and Why Giraffes Don't Get Dizzy
167(1)
Blood Pressure and Salt Regulation
168(2)
Hernias, Haemorrhoids and Prolapses
170(1)
Varicose Veins
171(1)
The Medical Consequences of Our Bipedal Heritage
172(3)
18 We Are What We Eat
175(10)
Early Hominins and the Crucial Role of Marine and Lacustrine Foods
177(2)
The Cognitive Revolution
179(2)
Agricultural Origins and the Neolithic Revolution
181(2)
The Global Food Crisis
183(2)
19 An Incredible Journey
185(8)
The Origin of Speech and Language
187(2)
The Challenge of Mental III Health
189(1)
Health, Population Growth, Social Inequality and Poverty
190(1)
An Incredible Journey
191(2)
Glossary 193(6)
References 199(20)
Index 219
Peter Rhys Evans was a Senior Lecturer at the University of Birmingham and the Institute of Cancer Research. He was also the Chief of the Department of ENT/Head and Neck Surgery. He has authored or co-authored over 200 scietific publications including five books. His award winning book Principles and Practice of Head and Neck Surgery and Oncology , 2nd edition, was published in 2009. He served as a Sub-Editor for the Journal of Laryngology and Otology for nearly a decade.
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