Preface |
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xiii | |
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Section 1 Theoretical Studies and Photosynthesis Aspects |
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1 Theoretical Studies in Biocatalysis: Some Historical and Methodological Remarks |
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3 | (86) |
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1.1 History and Methodology of Biocatalysis |
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4 | (9) |
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1.2 What Is the Zest of Fajans' Quanticule Theory? |
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13 | (2) |
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13 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Scope of the Quanticule Theory of Molecular Structure |
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14 | (1) |
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1.3 What Are the Difficulties in Accepting Fajans' Quanticule Theory? |
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15 | (11) |
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1.4 What Is the Actual Situation in the Current Theoretical Biophysics? |
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26 | (1) |
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1.5 Is the Logics of Quantum Mechanics at Least Somewhat Special Indeed? |
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27 | (13) |
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1.6 Periplanetae Brunneae in General Philosophy and Methodology in Particular |
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40 | (7) |
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1.7 Nadine Dobrovolskai'a-Zavadskaia |
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47 | (7) |
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1.8 A Possible Theoretical Approach to Start Looking for Effective Anti-Viral Medicaments, on the Actual Example of COVID-19 |
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54 | (5) |
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1.9 Conclusion: What Is the Zest of Using Thermodynamics in Biophysics? |
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59 | (1) |
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1.10 The Problems of Evolution in the Light of Biology and Thermodynamics |
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60 | (29) |
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2 Temperature Dependence of Biological Processes: Theory and Applications |
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89 | (44) |
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2.1 Development of Temperature Dependence Functions in Chemical Reactions |
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90 | (22) |
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95 | (5) |
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2.1.2 Transition State Theory |
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100 | (3) |
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2.1.3 Curvature in Temperature Response Curve |
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103 | (9) |
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2.2 Applications to Plant and Soil Respiration |
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112 | (12) |
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2.2.1 Short-Term Temperature Dependence of Plant Leaf Respiration |
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112 | (4) |
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2.2.2 Temperature Dependence of Soil Respiration |
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116 | (1) |
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117 | (3) |
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2.2.2.2 Substrate accessibility |
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120 | (3) |
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2.2.2.3 A note on thermal acclimation |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (9) |
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3 Agricultural Biocatalysis: From Waste Stream to Food and Feed Additives |
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133 | (50) |
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134 | (2) |
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3.2 Agricultural Waste Streams |
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136 | (11) |
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136 | (1) |
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137 | (2) |
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3.2.3 Other Potential Substrates |
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139 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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3.2.4.1 Chemical and enzymatic hydrolysis |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (2) |
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142 | (2) |
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144 | (1) |
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3.2.6 Lignin-Degrading Enzymes |
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145 | (2) |
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3.3 Industrial Production of Fungal Enzymes |
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147 | (4) |
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3.3.1 Production of Oxidative Enzymes |
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148 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Industrial Application of Fungal Enzyme Production |
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148 | (2) |
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3.3.2.1 Hydrolysate as a media component |
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150 | (1) |
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151 | (9) |
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3.4.1 Functions and Applications of L-Cysteine |
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153 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Production Methods of L-Cysteine |
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154 | (1) |
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3.4.2.1 Extraction from keratin hydro lysates |
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154 | (2) |
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3.4.2.2 Enzymatic bioconversion |
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156 | (1) |
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157 | (3) |
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160 | (9) |
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3.5.1 Carotenoids in Plants |
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160 | (1) |
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3.5.2 Carotenoids in Animals |
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161 | (1) |
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3.5.3 Isoprenoids as Precursors for Carotenoid Synthesis |
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161 | (2) |
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3.5.4 Carotenoid Biosynthesis |
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163 | (1) |
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3.5.5 Commercial Importance of Carotenoids |
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163 | (3) |
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3.5.5.1 β-Carotene and astaxanthin |
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166 | (3) |
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169 | (4) |
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3.6.1 Carotenoid-Based Crop Protection and AOs for Aviation |
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169 | (3) |
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3.6.2 Tailored Enzyme Mixture for More Efficient Hydrolysis of Waste Streams |
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172 | (1) |
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173 | (10) |
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4 Nanobiocatalytic Processing of Sargassum Seaweed Waste |
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183 | (28) |
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184 | (4) |
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4.2 Phylogenetic Diversity of Alginate Lyase-Producing Bacteria |
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188 | (1) |
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4.3 Methods for Preparation of Alginate Lyase Nanobiocatalyst |
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189 | (2) |
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4.3.1 Extraction of Alginate Lyase |
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189 | (1) |
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4.3.2 Preparation of Chitosan Nanoparticle-Immobilized Alginate Lyase |
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190 | (1) |
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4.3.3 Assay of Alginate Lyase |
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191 | (1) |
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4.4 Methods for Assessment of Characteristics of Alginate Lyase Biocatalyst |
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191 | (3) |
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4.4.1 Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy |
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191 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Influence of pH on Alginate Lyase Activity and Stability |
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192 | (1) |
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4.4.3 Influence of Temperature on Alginate Lyase Activity and Stability |
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192 | (1) |
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4.4.4 Effect of Sodium Chloride on Alginate Lyase Activity |
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193 | (1) |
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4.4.5 Kinetic Parameters of Free and Immobilized Alginate Lyase |
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193 | (1) |
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4.4.6 Influence of Metal Ions and Inhibitors on Free and Immobilized Alginate Lyase Activity |
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193 | (1) |
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4.4.7 Reusability of Immobilized Alginate Lyase |
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194 | (1) |
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4.5 Characteristics of Alginate Lyase Nanobiocatalyst |
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194 | (9) |
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194 | (2) |
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4.5.2 Optimal Range of pH |
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196 | (2) |
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4.5.3 Optimal Range of Temperature and Thermodynamic Parameters of Catalysis |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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4.5.5 Optimal Range of Sodium Chloride |
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200 | (1) |
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4.5.6 Impact of Metal Ions and Inhibitors |
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200 | (2) |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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203 | (8) |
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5 No Alternatives to Photosynthesis: From Molecules to Nanostructures |
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211 | (38) |
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212 | (7) |
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5.2 Chlorophylls Are Optimized for Efficient Light Energy Conversion |
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219 | (3) |
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5.3 Primary Site of Light-Energy Conversion into Chemical Energy Is RC Protein |
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222 | (7) |
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5.3.1 Energetic Requirement of Charge Separation and Stabilization |
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222 | (2) |
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5.3.2 Vectorial Electron Transport in RCs |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (4) |
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5.4 Special Membrane Organization Does Couple RC Photochemistry to Metabolic Pathways |
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229 | (2) |
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5.5 Photosynthetic Systems in Bio-Nanotechnology |
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231 | (11) |
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5.5.1 Entire Photosynthetic Organisms in Bio-Nanotechnology |
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232 | (1) |
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5.5.2 Proteoliposomes as Nanosystems Mimicking In vivo Membrane Organizations |
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233 | (2) |
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5.5.3 Nano-Hybrid Systems for Innovative Applications |
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235 | (1) |
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5.5.3.1 Photosynthetic RCs in optoelectronics |
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236 | (2) |
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5.5.3.2 Photocurrent generation by photosynthetic RCs |
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238 | (2) |
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240 | (2) |
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242 | (7) |
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6 Natural and Synthetic Inhibitors of Photosynthesis Light Reactions |
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249 | (46) |
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Luiz Cldudio Almeida Barbosa |
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250 | (1) |
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6.2 A Brief Description of Photosynthesis in Higher Plants |
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251 | (4) |
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6.3 Natural Compounds as Photosynthetic Inhibitors |
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255 | (40) |
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7 Atrazine Toxicity: Modification of Enzymatic Processes and Photosynthesis in Plants |
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295 | (20) |
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296 | (2) |
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7.2 Lethal Concentrations of Atrazine |
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298 | (2) |
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7.3 Modifications of Enzymatic Activities in Plants Due to Atrazine |
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300 | (1) |
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7.4 Physiological Responses in Plants Due to Atrazine |
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300 | (3) |
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7.5 Oxidative Stress due to Atrazine Toxicity |
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303 | (2) |
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7.6 Antioxidant Enzyme Activity due to Atrazine Toxicity |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (8) |
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8 Biosynthesis of Glycine Betaine and Dimethylsulfoniopropionate in Photosynthetic Organisms and Their Applications in Agriculture |
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315 | (26) |
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316 | (1) |
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317 | (1) |
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8.3 General Aspects of Plant Salt Stress |
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318 | (2) |
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8.4 Molecular Properties of GB and DMSP |
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320 | (1) |
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8.5 GB Biosynthesis in Higher Plants |
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321 | (3) |
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8.6 GB Biosynthesis in Cyanobacteria |
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324 | (2) |
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8.7 GB Biosynthesis in Algae |
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326 | (3) |
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8.8 DMSP Biosynthesis in Plants |
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329 | (1) |
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8.9 DMSP Biosynthesis in Algae |
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330 | (1) |
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8.10 Agriculture Application |
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331 | (4) |
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8.10.1 Translocation ofGB in Plants |
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331 | (1) |
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8.10.2 Exogenous Application for Crop Production |
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332 | (1) |
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8.10.3 Genetic Engineering of GB in Plants |
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333 | (2) |
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8.11 Summary and Future Prospects |
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335 | (6) |
Index |
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341 | |