| Foreword |
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v | |
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xvii | |
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1 | (234) |
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Introduction: The Evolution of Intracellular Life Forms and their Niches |
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3 | (18) |
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A Short History of Theories and Discoveries |
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3 | (2) |
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A Look Through the Microscope of Evolution |
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5 | (4) |
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Continuous Exchange of Information |
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9 | (1) |
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Evolution of Intracellular Parasitism |
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10 | (3) |
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Intracellular Symbionts: Tamed or Acclimatized Parasites? |
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13 | (1) |
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An Ecological View of Intracellular Life |
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14 | (2) |
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16 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (3) |
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18 | (3) |
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Limited Genomes and Gene Transfer in the Evolution of Intracellular Parasitism and Symbiosis |
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21 | (16) |
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Introduction to Gene Transfer and Evolution |
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21 | (2) |
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Gene Transfer in Intracellular Bacterial Parasites |
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23 | (4) |
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Gene Transfer in Intracellular Symbionts |
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27 | (2) |
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Gene Transfer in Intracellular Parasites and Fungi |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (7) |
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32 | (5) |
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Phagocytosis: Early Events in Particle Recognition and Uptake |
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37 | (28) |
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Phagocytosis: An Overview |
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37 | (1) |
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Recognition of Target Particles |
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38 | (4) |
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Signaling Events Upon Ligand Recognition |
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42 | (4) |
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Membrane Dynamics During Phagocytosis |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (2) |
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Inflammatory Signals Linked to Phagocytosis |
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50 | (2) |
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52 | (13) |
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52 | (13) |
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Cellular Model Systems Used to Study Phagosome Biogenesis |
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65 | (12) |
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From Grazing to Host Defense |
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65 | (1) |
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Dictyostelium, a Professional Phagocyte at the Border of Multicellularity |
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66 | (1) |
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Dictyostelium, a Surrogate Host for Legionella, Mycobacterium and Other Pathogens |
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67 | (3) |
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Legionella-directed Phagosome Biogenesis |
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70 | (2) |
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The Whole Animal Model Drosophila melanogaster |
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72 | (1) |
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Infection of Drosophila Phagocytes |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (3) |
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75 | (2) |
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Methods Used to Study Phagosome Biogenesis |
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77 | (18) |
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Describing the World Within - Whole-Cell Assays for Phagosome Contents |
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77 | (10) |
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Biochemical Analysis and Assays with Purified Phagosomes |
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87 | (1) |
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Use of Fluorescence-Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) in Phagosome Research |
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88 | (1) |
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Knockdown, Knockout and Phagosome Research |
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89 | (1) |
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Transcriptomics as a Phagosome Environmental Sensor |
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90 | (5) |
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91 | (4) |
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In Vitro Fusion Assays with Phagosomes |
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95 | (12) |
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95 | (1) |
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96 | (5) |
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Studying Normal Maturation... |
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101 | (2) |
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... and the Pathogenic Case |
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103 | (4) |
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105 | (2) |
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Phagosome Proteomes Unite! A Virtual Model of Maturation as a Tool to Study Pathogen-Induced Changes |
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107 | (18) |
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107 | (1) |
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A Methods Guide to Phagosome Proteomics |
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108 | (4) |
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Particle-Induced Impact on Phagosome Isolation |
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112 | (1) |
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Comparative Proteomics of Microbe-Containing Vacuoles |
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113 | (8) |
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121 | (4) |
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122 | (3) |
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Phagosome-Cytoskeleton Interactions |
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125 | (20) |
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125 | (1) |
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The Actin Cytoskeleton. General Background |
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126 | (10) |
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The Microtubule Cytoskeleton - General Background |
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136 | (4) |
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140 | (5) |
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140 | (5) |
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Intracellular Microbe Whole-Genome Expression Profiling: Methodological Considerations and Biological Inferences |
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145 | (14) |
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145 | (1) |
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Methodological Considerations |
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146 | (3) |
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Biological Inferences from Expression Profiling |
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149 | (6) |
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155 | (4) |
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156 | (3) |
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Everybody Has A Home of Their Own - ``The Phagosome Zoo'' |
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159 | (32) |
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Come On In, Get Killed! Death in the Shredder |
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159 | (4) |
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Professionals and Laypersons |
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163 | (2) |
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Come On In, Have Fun! Life in a Golden Cage |
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165 | (19) |
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Immune Activation and the Loss of Home |
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184 | (1) |
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Why Not Pathogens in Peroxisomal Vacuoles? |
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185 | (1) |
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186 | (1) |
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186 | (5) |
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187 | (4) |
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Consequences of Pathogen Compartmentation for Therapeutic Intervention |
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191 | (12) |
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191 | (1) |
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Consequences of Intracellular Localization for Treatment with Antibiotics |
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191 | (4) |
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Many Roads Lead Into the Host Cell |
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195 | (2) |
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197 | (1) |
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``Small Molecules'' Pave the Road to the Future |
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197 | (1) |
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How Do You Come Up With A Successful ``Small Molecule?'' |
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198 | (1) |
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A Few More, Maybe Even Practicable, Ideas For the Future... |
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199 | (4) |
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200 | (3) |
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The Immune Response to Intracellular Pathogens |
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203 | (32) |
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203 | (3) |
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206 | (11) |
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217 | (13) |
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230 | (1) |
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Excursus - Immunity in Plants |
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230 | (5) |
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232 | (3) |
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Part II Selected Pathogens |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (156) |
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237 | (18) |
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Introduction of Afipia felis and its Role in Cat Scratch Disease |
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237 | (3) |
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Uptake and Intracellular Compartmentation of Afipia felis in Murine Macrophages |
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240 | (2) |
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The Port of Entry Paves the Way for Non-Endocytic Compartmentation |
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242 | (8) |
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Host and Pathogen Determinants Involved in Diverted Phagosome Biogenesis |
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250 | (1) |
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Immunology of the Afipia-Containing Phagosome |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (3) |
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253 | (2) |
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255 | (18) |
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255 | (3) |
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Characterization of Intra-Host Cell Compartmentation of Brucella and its Relationship to Virulence |
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258 | (4) |
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Factors Involved in Diverted Phagosome Maturation and Compartment Maintenance |
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262 | (4) |
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Immunology of Phagosomes Containing Brucella |
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266 | (3) |
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269 | (4) |
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270 | (3) |
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273 | (14) |
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273 | (1) |
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Characterization of the Chlamydial Inclusion and its Relationship to Virulence |
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273 | (2) |
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Genes Involved in Chlamydial Inclusion Maturation |
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275 | (6) |
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Immunology of the Chlamydial Inclusion |
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281 | (2) |
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283 | (4) |
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283 | (4) |
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287 | (14) |
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Coxiella burnetii and Q Fever |
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287 | (1) |
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Characterization of the Intrahost Compartment of Coxiella and its Relationship to Virulence |
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288 | (7) |
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Genes Involved in Diverted Phagosome Maturation/Compartment Maintenance |
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295 | (2) |
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Immunology of the Coxiella Parasitophorous Vacuole |
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297 | (1) |
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297 | (4) |
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298 | (3) |
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301 | (14) |
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Ehrlichia and Anaplasma and the Illnesses They Cause in Humans |
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301 | (1) |
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Characterization of Host Cell Compartmentalization of E. chaffeensis and A. phagocytophilum |
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302 | (8) |
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Microbe Genes Involved in Subverting Phagosome Maturation/Compartment Maintenance |
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310 | (1) |
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Immunology of Phagosomes Containing E. chaffeensis and A. phagocytophilum |
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311 | (1) |
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312 | (3) |
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312 | (3) |
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315 | (12) |
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Legionella pneumophila Biology |
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315 | (1) |
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The Intracellular Compartment of L. pneumophila |
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315 | (1) |
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Requirements for Intracellular Replication |
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316 | (4) |
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The Immune Response to L. pneumophila Infection |
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320 | (2) |
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322 | (5) |
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323 | (4) |
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Mycobacterium tuberculosis and His Comrades |
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327 | (28) |
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327 | (5) |
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Intracellular Compartment and Virulence Properties of Mycobacteria |
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332 | (14) |
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Host Response and Transmission |
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346 | (2) |
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348 | (7) |
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349 | (6) |
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Rhodococcus equi and Nocardia asteroides |
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355 | (18) |
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Rhodococcus and Nocardia and Illnesses Caused by them |
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355 | (2) |
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Characterization of Intra-Host Cell Compartmentation and its Relationship to Virulence |
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357 | (4) |
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Genes Involved in Diverted Phagosome Maturation or Compartmentation and its Maintenance |
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361 | (3) |
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Immunology of Phagosomes Containing R. equi or N. asteroides |
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364 | (3) |
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367 | (6) |
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368 | (5) |
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373 | (18) |
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373 | (3) |
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Characterization of the SCV and its Role in Virulence |
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376 | (2) |
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Factors Affecting SCV Biogenesis |
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378 | (5) |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (7) |
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384 | (7) |
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II B Intracytosolic Bacteria |
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391 | (114) |
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Burkholderia pseudomallei |
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393 | (22) |
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Burkholderia pseudomallei and Melioidosis |
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393 | (1) |
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An Overview of the Intracellular Life of B. pseudomallei |
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394 | (1) |
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Genome Structure and Diversity of B. pseudomallei |
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395 | (1) |
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Cell Contact and Adherence |
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396 | (2) |
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398 | (2) |
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400 | (1) |
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401 | (3) |
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404 | (1) |
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Intracellular Replication |
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405 | (1) |
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Immunology of B. pseudomallei-Host Cell Interactions |
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406 | (1) |
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407 | (1) |
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408 | (7) |
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415 | (16) |
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Francisella tularensis and Tularemia |
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415 | (1) |
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F. tularensis Inhibits Phagosome Maturation Prior to Egress and Replication in the Cytosol |
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416 | (6) |
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F. tularensis Virulence Factors that Disrupt Phagocyte Function |
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422 | (2) |
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Immunology of Phagosome and Host Defense |
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424 | (1) |
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424 | (7) |
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425 | (6) |
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431 | (24) |
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431 | (4) |
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The Intracellular Lifestyle of Listeria and its Relationship to Virulence |
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435 | (6) |
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Bacterial Factors Involved in Escape From the Vacuole |
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441 | (5) |
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Survey Inside the Phagosome and Phagosome Maturation |
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446 | (5) |
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451 | (4) |
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452 | (3) |
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455 | (14) |
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An Introduction to Mycobacterium marinum and the Illness Caused by it |
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455 | (3) |
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Characterization of Intra-Host Cell Compartmentation of M. marinum and its Relationship to Virulence |
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458 | (3) |
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Genes Involved in Diverting Phagosome Maturation and in Compartment Maintenance |
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461 | (2) |
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Immunological Aspects of M. marinum Infection |
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463 | (1) |
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What's Next? (Outlook and Summary) |
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464 | (5) |
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465 | (4) |
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469 | (16) |
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Introduction to Rickettsiae and Rickettsial Diseases |
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469 | (3) |
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Intracytoplasmic Behavior of Rickettsiae |
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472 | (5) |
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Host Cell Interactions with Pathogenic Rickettsia Species |
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477 | (2) |
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Animal Models and Immunology of Rickettsioses |
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479 | (1) |
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Genomics and Proteomics of Rickettsia Species |
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480 | (2) |
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482 | (3) |
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483 | (2) |
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485 | (20) |
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485 | (3) |
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Escape into the Cytoplasm and Intracytoplasmic Replication |
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488 | (5) |
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Genes Involved in Phagosome Escape and Intracytoplasmic Life |
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493 | (3) |
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Host Defense Against Cytoplasmic Shigella |
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496 | (3) |
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499 | (6) |
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499 | (6) |
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II C Intracellular Symbionts |
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505 | (60) |
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Bacterial Symbionts of Plants |
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507 | (20) |
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Introduction to Rhizobia and Symbioses |
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507 | (1) |
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Invasion of Plant Cells by Rhizobia and Arbuscular Mycorrhizae |
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508 | (2) |
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Plant Genes Involved in Symbiosis Initiation |
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510 | (4) |
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Symbiotic Signals Produced by Rhizobia |
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514 | (7) |
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521 | (6) |
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521 | (6) |
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Cyanobacterial and Algal Symbioses |
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527 | (20) |
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527 | (1) |
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Intracellular Cyanobacteria |
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527 | (9) |
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536 | (11) |
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543 | (4) |
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547 | (18) |
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547 | (3) |
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Mutualistic Primary Endosymbionts with a Function in Nutritional Upgrading |
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550 | (4) |
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Endosymbionts that Interfere with Reproduction |
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554 | (4) |
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558 | (1) |
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Conclusion and Future Directions |
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559 | (6) |
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560 | (5) |
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565 | (124) |
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567 | (16) |
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Histoplasma capsulatum and Histoplasmosis |
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567 | (2) |
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Characterization of the Macrophage Phagosomes Containing H. capsulatum Yeasts |
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569 | (4) |
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Genes Involved in the Intracellular Survival of H. capsulatum Yeasts |
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573 | (6) |
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Immunology of Phagosomes Containing H. capsulatum Yeasts |
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579 | (1) |
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579 | (4) |
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580 | (3) |
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Leishmania: L. mexicana vs. donovani vs. major, Amastigotes vs. Promastigotes |
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583 | (14) |
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Leishmania and Leishmaniases |
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583 | (1) |
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Characterization of Intra-Host Cell Compartmentation of Leishmania and its Relationships to Virulence |
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584 | (2) |
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Leishmania Molecules Involved in Diverted Phagosome Maturation/Compartment Maintenance |
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586 | (6) |
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Immunology of Phagosomes Containing Leishmania |
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592 | (1) |
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593 | (4) |
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593 | (4) |
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597 | (16) |
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597 | (2) |
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599 | (1) |
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Characterization of Intra-Host Compartmentation and its Relationship to Virulence |
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600 | (7) |
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From Parasite Cell Biology and Genomics to Drug Targets |
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607 | (2) |
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609 | (4) |
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609 | (4) |
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613 | (20) |
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Introduction to Theileria and the Disease |
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613 | (2) |
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Characterization of the Intra-Host Cell Compartment ... Which Compartment? |
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615 | (8) |
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Genes Involved in Host-Parasite Interaction |
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623 | (2) |
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Immune Responses Directed Against the Schizont |
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625 | (1) |
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626 | (7) |
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628 | (5) |
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633 | (22) |
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Introduction of Toxoplasma gondii and Toxoplasmosis |
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633 | (2) |
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Characterization of the Intracellular Compartment Occupied |
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635 | (3) |
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Parasite Factors Involved in Maturation and Maintenance of the Parasite-Containing Vacuole |
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638 | (3) |
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Immunology of the Intracellular Compartment Occupied |
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641 | (5) |
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646 | (9) |
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647 | (8) |
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655 | (14) |
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Introduction: The Parasite and its Disease |
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655 | (2) |
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Intracellular Compartmentation of T. cruzi |
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657 | (6) |
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Maintenance of the Infected Cell |
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663 | (1) |
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Immunology of T. cruzi Infection |
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664 | (2) |
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666 | (3) |
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667 | (2) |
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Trichinella and the Nurse Cell |
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669 | (20) |
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Introduction to Trichinella and Trichinellosis |
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669 | (2) |
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Remodeling of the Host Cell Compartment by Trichinella |
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671 | (8) |
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Parasite Molecules Involved in the Remodeling and Maintenance of the Nurse Cell Complex |
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679 | (5) |
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The Immunology of the Nurse Cell |
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684 | (2) |
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686 | (3) |
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686 | (3) |
| Index |
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689 | |
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