| About the Author |
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xi | |
| Preface |
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xiii | |
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1 | (44) |
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1.1 An Overview of the World's Energy Situation |
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1 | (16) |
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1.1.1 The Global Energy Situation |
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1 | (7) |
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1.1.2 Characteristics of the Global Energy Situation |
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8 | (9) |
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1.2 An Overview of China's Energy Situation |
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17 | (11) |
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17 | (2) |
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19 | (4) |
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23 | (3) |
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1.2.4 International Energy Cooperation |
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26 | (2) |
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1.3 Major Energy Problems that China Faces |
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28 | (13) |
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1.3.1 The Problem of Sustained Supply |
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28 | (7) |
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1.3.2 The Problem of Transport and Allocation |
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35 | (2) |
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1.3.3 The Quality Problem of Development |
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37 | (4) |
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1.4 Causes that Affect China's Energy Development |
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41 | (4) |
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1.4.1 The Economic Development Model |
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41 | (1) |
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1.4.2 The Energy Development Model |
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42 | (1) |
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1.4.3 The Global Competitive Environment |
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43 | (2) |
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2 Strategic Thinking on Energy |
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45 | (28) |
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2.1 Basic Thinking Behind the Energy Solution |
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45 | (6) |
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2.1.1 Complexity of the Energy Problem |
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45 | (2) |
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2.1.2 Grand Energy Vision |
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47 | (1) |
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2.1.3 Solutions to the Energy Problems |
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47 | (4) |
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2.2 The Way to Change the Mode of Energy Development |
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51 | (7) |
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2.2.1 Transformation Phase of China's Energy Strategy |
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52 | (3) |
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2.2.2 The Way to Change the Mode of Energy Development |
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55 | (3) |
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2.3 The Central Link in the Energy Strategy |
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58 | (7) |
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2.3.1 The Position of Electricity in the Energy Strategy |
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59 | (1) |
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2.3.2 The Significance of an Electricity-centred Energy Strategy |
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60 | (5) |
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2.4 The `One Ultra Four Large' (1U4L) Strategy |
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65 | (8) |
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2.4.1 The Core Mission of Electric Power Development |
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66 | (1) |
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2.4.2 The Need to Implement the 1U4L Strategy |
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66 | (3) |
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2.4.3 The Key to Implementing the 1U4L Strategy |
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69 | (4) |
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3 Energy Exploration and Utilisation |
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73 | (64) |
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3.1 General Thinking Behind Energy Exploration and Utilisation |
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73 | (6) |
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3.1.1 Main Problems in Energy Exploration and Utilisation |
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73 | (3) |
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3.1.2 Principles of Energy Exploration and Utilisation |
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76 | (1) |
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3.1.3 Focus of Energy Exploration and Utilisation |
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77 | (2) |
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3.2 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Coal Resources |
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79 | (15) |
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3.2.1 Coordinated Planning of the Exploitation and Utilisation of Coal Resources |
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79 | (2) |
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3.2.2 Construction of Large Coal-fired Power Bases in the West and North |
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81 | (8) |
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3.2.3 The Clean and Integrated Utilisation of Coal |
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89 | (4) |
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3.2.4 Scientifically Developing the Coal Chemical Industry |
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93 | (1) |
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3.3 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Hydropower Resources |
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94 | (10) |
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3.3.1 Construction of Large-scale Hydropower Bases |
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94 | (5) |
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3.3.2 Development of Small Hydropower |
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99 | (1) |
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3.3.3 Planning and Construction of Pumped Storage Power Plants |
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100 | (2) |
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3.3.4 Environmental Protection and Migrant Relocation |
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102 | (2) |
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3.4 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Nuclear Power |
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104 | (4) |
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3.4.1 Construction of Large-scale Nuclear Power Base |
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104 | (1) |
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3.4.2 Advancement of Nuclear Power Technology |
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105 | (1) |
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3.4.3 Building up a Nuclear Energy Safety System |
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106 | (1) |
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3.4.4 Supply of Nuclear Fuel |
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107 | (1) |
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3.5 The Exploitation and Utilisation of New and Renewable Energies |
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108 | (17) |
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3.5.1 Building Large-scale Renewable Energy Power Bases |
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109 | (2) |
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3.5.2 Various Forms of Renewable Energy Development |
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111 | (8) |
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3.5.3 Distributed Energy Development |
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119 | (3) |
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3.5.4 Exploitation and Utilisation of New Energy |
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122 | (3) |
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3.6 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Oil and Gas |
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125 | (6) |
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3.6.1 Exploration and Development of Oil Resources |
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126 | (2) |
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3.6.2 Exploitation and Utilisation of Natural Gas Resources |
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128 | (3) |
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3.7 The Exploitation and Utilisation of Overseas Energy Resources |
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131 | (6) |
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3.7.1 Development and Import of Overseas Oil and Gas Resources |
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131 | (4) |
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3.7.2 Import of Overseas Coal and Electricity |
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135 | (2) |
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4 Energy Transport and Allocation |
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137 | (76) |
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4.1 Modern Comprehensive Energy Transport System |
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137 | (6) |
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4.1.1 The Significance of Establishing a Modern Comprehensive Energy Transport System |
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139 | (2) |
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4.1.2 The Guiding Principles for Developing a Modern Comprehensive Transport System for Energy |
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141 | (2) |
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4.2 Optimisation of the Modes of Coal Transport |
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143 | (16) |
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4.2.1 The Present Situation of Coal Transport |
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144 | (6) |
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4.2.2 The Future Coal Transport Patterns |
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150 | (1) |
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4.2.3 Equal Emphasis on Coal Transport and Power Transmission |
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151 | (8) |
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4.3 Strong and Smart Grid Development |
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159 | (27) |
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4.3.1 Overview of Power Grid Development |
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159 | (5) |
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4.3.2 The Future Landscape of Power Flows |
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164 | (3) |
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4.3.3 The Thinking Behind SSG Development |
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167 | (3) |
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4.3.4 Development of UHV Grids and Grids of All Levels |
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170 | (13) |
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4.3.5 R&D and Application of Grid Technology |
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183 | (3) |
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4.4 Construction of UHV Synchronous Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China |
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186 | (6) |
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4.4.1 Development of Large Synchronous Grids in Overseas Countries |
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187 | (2) |
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4.4.2 The Necessity of Building UHV Synchronous Power Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China |
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189 | (1) |
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4.4.3 Safety of UHV Synchronous Grids in Northern, Eastern and Central China |
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190 | (2) |
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4.5 Smart Grid Development |
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192 | (14) |
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4.5.1 The Essence and Features of Smart Grids |
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193 | (1) |
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4.5.2 Strategic Significance of Smart Grids |
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193 | (2) |
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4.5.3 The Priorities and Practices of Smart Grid Development |
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195 | (9) |
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4.5.4 The Development Principles of Smart Grids |
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204 | (2) |
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4.6 Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks |
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206 | (7) |
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4.6.1 Present Situation of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks |
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206 | (2) |
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4.6.2 The Main Problems of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks |
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208 | (2) |
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4.6.3 The Basic Thinking Behind the Development of Oil and Gas Pipeline Networks |
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210 | (3) |
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5 Terminal Energy Consumption |
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213 | (34) |
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5.1 Model of Green Energy Consumption |
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213 | (4) |
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5.1.1 Challenges for Energy Consumption |
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213 | (2) |
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5.1.2 Establishment of a Green Energy Consumption Model |
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215 | (2) |
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5.2 Energy Conservation as a Strategic Priority |
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217 | (11) |
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5.2.1 Thinking behind Energy Conservation as a Strategic Priority |
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218 | (1) |
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5.2.2 Focus Areas of Energy Conservation as Strategic Priority |
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219 | (6) |
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5.2.3 Implementing Measures to Ensure Strategic Priority of Energy Efficiency |
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225 | (3) |
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5.3 Electrification in Socioeconomic Development |
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228 | (8) |
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5.3.1 Substitution of Electric Energy in Terminal Energy Consumption |
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228 | (3) |
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5.3.2 Electrification in the Industrial Sector |
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231 | (1) |
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5.3.3 Electrification in the Transport Sector |
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232 | (1) |
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5.3.4 Electrification for Businesses and Urban Population |
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233 | (2) |
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5.3.5 Rural Electrification |
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235 | (1) |
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5.4 Development of Electric Vehicles |
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236 | (11) |
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5.4.1 Important Implications of Electric Vehicle Development |
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237 | (1) |
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5.4.2 Key Areas of Electric Vehicle Development |
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238 | (3) |
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5.4.3 EV Energy Supply Model |
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241 | (3) |
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5.4.4 Policies Supporting the Development of Electric Vehicles |
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244 | (3) |
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247 | (42) |
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6.1 Overview and Development Ideas in Respect of the Energy Market |
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247 | (4) |
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6.1.1 Overview of Energy Market Development |
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248 | (2) |
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6.1.2 Basic Thinking Behind Energy Marketisation |
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250 | (1) |
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6.2 The Building of Coal Market |
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251 | (6) |
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6.2.1 Management of Coal Market Order |
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251 | (3) |
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6.2.2 Coal Market Trading |
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254 | (1) |
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6.2.3 Regulation of the Coal Market |
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255 | (2) |
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6.3 Establishment of an Electricity Market |
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257 | (17) |
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6.3.1 Reform of International Electricity Market |
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258 | (3) |
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6.3.2 The Principles for China's Electricity Market Reform |
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261 | (2) |
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6.3.3 Ideas on Building an Electricity Market System in China |
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263 | (4) |
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6.3.4 The Tariff System and Building of Tariff Pricing Mechanism |
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267 | (7) |
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6.4 Development of Pricing Mechanism for Oil and Gas |
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274 | (8) |
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6.4.1 Reform of Pricing Mechanism for Refined Products |
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274 | (2) |
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6.4.2 Natural Gas Pricing Reform |
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276 | (4) |
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6.4.3 The Bargaining Power in International Oil and Gas Pricing |
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280 | (2) |
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6.5 Regulation of Energy Markets |
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282 | (7) |
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6.5.1 Building a Big Energy Regulatory Framework |
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282 | (3) |
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6.5.2 The Thinking Behind Energy Market Regulation |
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285 | (2) |
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6.5.3 Building Support System for Energy Market |
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287 | (2) |
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7 Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response |
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289 | (32) |
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7.1 Importance of Building Capacity for Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response |
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289 | (5) |
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7.1.1 Risks Posed to Energy Security |
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289 | (4) |
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7.1.2 Significance of Strengthening the Building of Energy Early Warning and Emergency Response |
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293 | (1) |
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7.2 Energy Early Warning Mechanism |
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294 | (8) |
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7.2.1 Focus of Energy Early Warning |
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295 | (5) |
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7.2.2 Organisational Structure and Management System of Energy Early Warning |
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300 | (2) |
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7.3 Energy Emergency Response System |
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302 | (8) |
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7.3.1 Organisational and Management Structure of Energy Emergency Response |
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302 | (1) |
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7.3.2 Emergency Response Programmes for Energy Emergencies |
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302 | (1) |
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7.3.3 Supplies Reserves for Energy Emergency Response |
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303 | (2) |
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7.3.4 Energy Emergency Response Publicity Campaign and Emergency Drills |
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305 | (2) |
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7.3.5 Scientific Management of Energy Emergency Response |
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307 | (3) |
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310 | (11) |
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7.4.1 Present Situation of Energy Reserves in China |
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310 | (2) |
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7.4.2 Experience in International Energy Reserves |
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312 | (2) |
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7.4.3 The Thinking Behind Building Energy Reserves in China |
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314 | (7) |
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8 Innovation in Energy Technology |
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321 | (20) |
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8.1 The Situation of Energy Technology Innovation |
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321 | (6) |
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8.1.1 Technology Innovations in International Energy Sector |
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321 | (3) |
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8.1.2 The Situation of Energy Technology Innovation in China |
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324 | (3) |
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8.2 Principles and Focuses of Energy Technology Innovation |
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327 | (7) |
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8.2.1 The Fundamental Principle of Energy Technology Innovation |
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328 | (1) |
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8.2.2 Focus Areas of Energy Technology Innovation |
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329 | (4) |
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8.2.3 The Goal of Energy Technology Innovation |
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333 | (1) |
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8.3 Development of System for Energy Technology Innovation |
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334 | (7) |
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8.3.1 Integration of Resources of Energy Technology Innovation |
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334 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Development of Mechanism for Energy Technology Innovation |
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335 | (2) |
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8.3.3 Building Talent Team in Energy Technology Innovation |
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337 | (1) |
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8.3.4 Innovation Strategy for Energy Technology |
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338 | (3) |
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9 Ensuring Energy Sustainability |
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341 | (30) |
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9.1 Energy Laws, Regulations and Policies |
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341 | (9) |
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9.1.1 Establishment of a Legal Regime for Energy |
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341 | (4) |
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9.1.2 Policy Guidance and Assurance |
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345 | (5) |
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9.2 Establishment of an Energy Standards System |
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350 | (5) |
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9.2.1 The Significance of Establishing an Energy Standards System |
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350 | (2) |
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9.2.2 Formulation of Energy Standards |
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352 | (2) |
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9.2.3 Bargaining Power over Development of International Energy Standards |
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354 | (1) |
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355 | (16) |
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9.3.1 Significance of Developing Large Energy Groups |
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356 | (5) |
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9.3.2 Supporting the Development of Large Energy Groups |
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361 | (5) |
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9.3.3 Market Position of Large Energy Groups |
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366 | (2) |
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9.3.4 Social Responsibilities of Large Energy Groups |
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368 | (3) |
| References |
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371 | (4) |
| Postscript |
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375 | (4) |
| Index |
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379 | |
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